Optimization design and analysis of driving mechanism of redundant drive variable sweep wing
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摘要:
为满足对宽速域变后掠飞行器的迫切需求，设计了一种适用于分布式驱动的局部旋转变后掠机翼的过约束冗余驱动机构。以传动性能为指标对单元驱动机构进行尺度初步设计，后结合SQP（sequence quadratic program）算法以机构变形全过程的能量转化率为优化目标对机构尺度进行了优化，优化后的驱动机构在恒定作用力下的输出功提高了44.3%，能量转化率提高了37.5%，驱动距离缩短了9.7%。为解决多个驱动支链驱动力如何分配的问题，将分析超静定结构内力的力法与传统机构受力分析方法结合提出一种准静态驱动力的求解方法，对一定负载及构件材料条件下的四翼梁模型进行了驱动力计算并基于ADAMS（automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical system）在相同负载及构件材料条件下做了动力学仿真实验验证驱动力分配模型的精确度，误差分析显示该模型对于准静态驱动过程驱动力计算误差小于5.5%。最后综合仿真结果及驱动机构的质量对驱动链数目进行优化，确定了最佳驱动链数目为3个。
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关键词:
- 变后掠机翼 /
- 驱动机构尺度优化设计 /
- 准静态驱动力分析 /
- ADAMS动力学仿真 /
- 驱动链数目优化
Abstract:In order to meet the urgent demand of variable sweep aircraft in wide speed range, a kind of driving mechanism suitable for distributed driving of locally rotating variable sweep wing was designed. Taking the transmission performance as the index, the dimension of the unit driving mechanism was preliminarily designed, and then the SQP (sequence quadratic program) algorithm was combined to optimize the dimension of the mechanism with the energy conversion rate of the whole process of mechanism deformation as the optimization objective. The output work of the optimized driving mechanism under constant force was increased by 44.3%, the energy conversion rate was increased by 37.5%, and the driving distance was shortened by 9.7%. To solve the problem of how to distribute the driving force of multiple driving chains, a quasi-static driving force solution method was proposed by combining the force method of analyzing the internal force of statically indeterminate structure with the traditional force analysis method of mechanism. The driving force of the four wing beam models under certain load and component material conditions was calculated, and the dynamic simulation experiment was carried out based on ADAMS (automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical system) to verify the accuracy of the driving force distribution model. The error analysis showed that the calculation error of the quasi-static driving force of the model was less than 5.5%. Finally, based on the simulation results and the weight of the driving mechanism, the number of driving chains was optimized, and the optimal number of driving chains was determined to be 3.
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图 2 驱动机构变形前后构型
Figure 2. Configuration of driving mechanism before and after deformation
图 7 最大压力角δmax随机构尺度的变化
Figure 7. Variation of maximum pressure angle δmax with mechanism size
图 11 驱动滑块做匀速运动准静态平衡分析
Figure 11. Quasi static balance analysis of driving slider in uniform motion
图 13 滑块锁紧时结构整体受力分析
Figure 13. Force analysis of the whole structure when the slider is locked
图 15 二支链冗余驱动的驱动力分析结果
Figure 15. Driving force analysis of two branch chain redundant drive
图 16 三支链冗余驱动的驱动力分析结果
Figure 16. Driving force analysis of three branch chain redundant drive
图 17 四支链冗余驱动的驱动力分析结果
Figure 17. Driving force analysis of four branch chain redundant drive
图 20 二支链冗余驱动仿真分析结果
Figure 20. Simulation analysis results of two branch chain redundant drive
图 21 三支链冗余驱动仿真分析结果
Figure 21. Simulation analysis results of three branch chain redundant drive
图 22 四支链冗余驱动仿真分析结果
Figure 22. Simulation analysis results of four branch chain redundant drive
图 26 驱动电动机质量与其额定转矩的关系
Figure 26. Relationship between weight of driving motor and its rated torque
表 1 优化前后机构性能对比
Table 1. Comparison of mechanism performance before and after optimization
特征 输出功/J 能量转化率/% 驱动距离/mm 优化前 219.1 50.8 431 优化后 316.1 81.3 388.7 
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表 2 驱动机构质量汇总
Table 2. Summary of drive mechanism weight
特征 电动机质量（kg）×
数量各丝杠导轨
质量/kg总质量/kg 二支链 2.86×2 1.29，0.80 7.81 三支链 2.00×3 0.90，0.56，0.34 7.80 四支链 1.90×4 0.86，0.53，0.32，0.11 9.42
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