紧凑翅片管式空气-燃油换热器试验

刘启航; 闻洁; 吕璐璐; 刘银龙; 庄来鹤; 董苯思

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220002

紧凑翅片管式空气-燃油换热器试验

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220002

刘启航^{1, 2, 4,},
闻洁^{2, 3, 4,*, ,},
吕璐璐⁵,
刘银龙^{2, 3},
庄来鹤^{1, 2, 4},
董苯思^{2, 3, 4}

1.
北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院，北京 100191
2.
北京航空航天大学航空发动机气动热力国家级重点实验室，北京 100191
3.
北京航空航天大学航空发动机研究院，北京 100191
4.
北京航空航天大学杭州创新研究院（余杭），杭州 310023
5.
中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司，上海 200241

基金项目: 国家重大科技专项（J2019-Ⅲ-0021-0065）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘启航（1992-），男，博士生，主要从事航空发动机热管理相关研究。 E-mail：liuqihang@buaa.edu.cn

通讯作者:
闻洁（1964-），女，研究员、博士生导师，博士，主要从事航空发动机气动热力及工程热物理相关研究。 E-mail：wenjie@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231.2
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- 文章访问数: 70
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-04
- 网络出版日期: 2023-09-12

Experiment of compact finned-tube air-fuel heat exchanger

LIU Qihang^{1, 2, 4
,},
WEN Jie^{2, 3, 4,*
, ,},
LÜ Lulu⁵,
LIU Yinlong^{2, 3},
ZHUANG Laihe^{1, 2, 4},
DONG Bensi^{2, 3, 4}

1.
School of Energy and Power Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
2.
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero-Engine Aero-thermodynamics， Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
3.
Research Institute of Aero-Engine，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
4.
Hangzhou Innovation Institute (Yuhang)，Beihang University，Hangzhou 310023，China
5.
Commercial Aircraft Engine Company Limited， Aero Engine Corporation of China，Shanghai 200241，China

摘要

摘要:
为实现航空发动机内部热环境与热沉的有效交互，探究换热元件的流动换热特性。以航空发动机燃油系统回油冷却换热器为例，开展了小管径矩形翅片管式空气-燃油换热器流动换热性能试验研究。试验采用高温燃油与常温空气两股工质在换热器中进行能量交换，探究换热器在不同工况下的流动与换热性能，获取矩形翅片管式换热单元管外流动换热经验关联式。结果表明：矩形翅片管式换热单元的表面传热系数约为相同结构参数光滑管束换热单元的44%，且试验结构换热单元阻力系数高于光滑管束单元，在进行翅片管束换热器设计时应综合考虑翅片对流动换热性能的影响。试验获取的翅片管式换热单元管外努塞尔数经验关联式与阻力系数经验关联式拟合偏差均不超过5%，较为准确地反应了换热单元外侧的流动换热特性。
- 航空发动机热管理 /
- 换热器 /
- 矩形翅片管 /
- 顺排 /
- 翅片效率 /
- 流动换热特性 /
- 经验关联式
Abstract:
In order to realize effective interaction between the internal thermal environment and heat sink of aeroengine, the flow and heat transfer characteristics of heat exchanger were studied. Taking the heat exchanger for fuel cooling as an example, the flow and heat transfer performance of small-diameter rectangular finned-tube air-fuel heat exchanger was studied. High temperature fuel and room-temperature air were used as media in the heat exchanger to explore the flow and heat transfer performance under different working conditions. And the empirical correlations for the outside of the tube were obtained. The results showed that the convective heat transfer coefficient of the rectangular finned tube bundles was about 44% of the bare tube bundle with the same structural parameters, while its flow resistance was still higher than the bare tube bundle. Therefore, the influence of fins on flow and heat transfer performance should be comprehensively considered in the design of finned tube heat exchanger. The fitting deviations of the empirical correlations of the Nusselt number and resistance coefficient outside the finned tube heat exchange unit were both lower than 5%, accurately reflecting the flow and heat transfer characteristics outside the finned tube bundles.
- aeroengine thermal management /
- heat exchanger /
- rectangular finned tube /
- in-line /
- fin efficiency /
- flow and heat transfer characteristics /
- empirical correlation

HTML

图 1 SABRE预冷换热器结构示意图^[5]

Figure 1. Structure schematic diagram of SABRE pre-cooling heat exchanger^[5]

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图 2 矩形翅片管式换热单元

Figure 2. Rectangular finned-tube heat transfer unit

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图 3 翅片管式换热单元结构图

Figure 3. Structure diagram of finned-tube heat transfer unit

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图 4 翅片管式换热器实物图

Figure 4. Picture of the finned-tube heat exchanger

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图 5 翅片管式换热器试验台结构简图

Figure 5. Structure diagram of experiment system for finned-tube heat exchanger

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图 6 翅片效率CFD验证

Figure 6. CFD verification for fin efficiency

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图 7 3种翅片效率计算方法对比

Figure 7. Comparison of fin efficiency by three methods

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图 8 试验工况

Figure 8. Working conditions of experiment

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图 9 各试验工况换热量

Figure 9. Heat transfer rate for each experiment working condition

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图 10 各试验工况热不平衡度

Figure 10. Thermal balance deviation for each experiment working condition

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图 11 空气侧努塞尔数与雷诺数关系

Figure 11. Correlation of air side Nu versus Reynolds number

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图 12 空气侧努塞尔数与文献经验关联式对比

Figure 12. Comparison of air side Nu with literature correlations

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图 13 燃油侧阻力系数对比

Figure 13. Comparison of the fuel side f

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图 14 空气侧阻力系数与雷诺数关系

Figure 14. Correlation of air side f versus Reynolds number

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图 15 空气侧阻力系数与文献经验关联式对比

Figure 15. Comparison of air side f with literature correlations

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表 1 翅片管式换热器结构参数

Table 1. Structure parameters of finned-tube heat exchanger

结构变量	数值	结构变量	数值
换热管外径/mm	2.2	单管总长/m	5.63
换热管内径/mm	1.8	高度/mm	400
横向排数	10	横向宽度/mm	52
纵向排数	28	纵向长度/mm	126
纵向每排进油管数	2	弯头直径/mm	9
管子总数	20	翅片厚度/mm	0.2
S₁/mm	4.8	翅片层数	176
S₂/mm	4.5	翅片间距/mm	2.2

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表 2 试验工况分组及参数范围

Table 2. Groups for working condition and parameter range

工况	燃油流量/（kg/s）	空气流量/（kg/s）	燃油温度/K
第1组	0.192	0.135～0.285	440
第2组	0.177	0.135～0.285	450
第3组	0.153	0.135～0.285	470
第4组	0.153	0.232	455～535

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表 3 相关顺排结构Nu经验关联式

Table 3. Literature Nu correlation for related structures

公式	换热单元结构及Nu经验关联式
Schmidt公式^[26]	$ Nu{\text{ = 0}}{\text{.3}}R{e^{{\text{0}}{\text{.625}}}}{\left( {{{{A_{{\text{lf}}}}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{{A_{{\text{lf}}}}} {{A_{{\text{lr}}}}}}} \right. } {{A_{{\text{lr}}}}}}} \right)^{{{ - 0}}{\text{.375}}}}P{r^{{\text{1/3}}}} $ 圆管高圆翅-当量尺寸为圆管外径d_r
Groehn公式^[31]	$ Nu{\text{ = 0}}{{.072\;9}}R{e^{{\text{0}}{\text{.74}}}}P{r^{{\text{0}}{\text{.36}}}} $ 圆管矮圆翅-当量尺寸为圆管外径d_r
Wen公式^[26]	$ Nu{\text{ = 0}}{\text{.161}}R{e^{{\text{0}}{\text{.579}}}}P{r^{{\text{0}}{\text{.333}}}}{\left( {{{Pr} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{Pr} {P{r_{\text{w}}}}}} \right. } {P{r_{\text{w}}}}}} \right)^{{\text{0}}{\text{.25}}}} $ 圆管矩形翅片-当量尺寸为圆管外径d_r
Vampola公式^[27]	$ Nu = 0.251{{Re} ^{0.67}}{\left( {\dfrac{{{S_1} - {d_{\text{r}}}}}{{{d_{\text{r}}}}}} \right)^{ - 0.2}}{\left( {\dfrac{{{S_1} - {d_{\text{r}}}}}{{{S_{\text{f}}}}} + 1} \right)^{ - 0.2}}{\left( {\dfrac{{{S_1} - {d_{\text{r}}}}}{{{S_2} - {d_{\text{r}}}}}} \right)^{0.4}} $ 圆管矩形翅片-当量尺寸为换算尺寸d_e
Lyu公式^[18]	$ Nu{\text{ = 0}}{{.157\;75}}R{e^{{\text{0}}{{.612\;47}}}}{\left( {{{{S_{\text{f}}}} /{{d_{\text{r}}}}}} \right)^{0.062}} $ 圆管矩形翅片-当量尺寸为换算尺寸d_e
Gnielinski公式^[28]	$ N{u_{\text{i}}} = \left\{ \begin{gathered} \frac{{{{{f_{\text{h}}}} /8} \cdot \left( {R{e_{\text{i}}} - 1\;000} \right)P{r_{\text{i}}}}}{{1 + 12.7{{\left( {{{{f_{\text{h}}}} / 8}} \right)}^{0.5}}\left( {Pr_{\text{i}}^{{2/ 3}} - 1} \right)}}\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad R{e_{\text{i}}} < {10^4} \\ \frac{{{{{f_{\text{h}}}} / 8} \cdot R{e_{\text{i}}}P{r_{\text{i}}}}}{{1 + {{900} /{R{e_{\text{i}}}}} + 12.7{{\left( {{{{f_{\text{h}}}} /8}} \right)}^{0.5}}\left( {Pr_{\text{i}}^{{2/3}} - 1} \right)}}\quad R{e_{\text{i}}} > {10^4} \\ \end{gathered} \right. $ $ f = { （1.82{\rm{lg}}R{e_{\rm{i}}} - 1.64） ^{ - 2}} $矩形通道-当量尺寸为水力直径
Zhukauskas公式^[28]	$ Nu{\text{ = 0}}{\text{.27}}R{e^{{\text{0}}{\text{.63}}}}P{r^{{\text{0}}{\text{.36}}}} $ 顺排管束-当量尺寸为圆管外径d_r

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表 4 相关顺排结构f经验关联式

Table 4. Literature f correlation for related structures

公式	换热单元结构及f经验关联式
Vampola公式^[27]	$f = 1.463{ {Re} ^{ - 0.245} }{\left( {\dfrac{ { {S_1} - {d_{\text{r} } } }}{ { {d_{\text{r} } } } } } \right)^{ - 0.9} }{\left( {\dfrac{ { {S_1} - {d_{\text{r} } } }}{ { {S_{\text{f} } } }} + 1} \right)^{0.7} }{\left( {\dfrac{ { {d_{\text{e} } } }}{ { {d_{\text{r} } } } } } \right)^{0.9} }$ 圆管矩形翅片-当量尺寸为换算尺寸d_e
Wen公式^[26]	$ f{\text{ = 0}}{\text{.44}} \cdot {f_{{\text{Vampola}}}} $ 圆管矩形翅片-当量尺寸为换算尺寸d_e
Lyu公式^[18]	$Nu{\text{ = 0} }{ {.157\;75} }R{e^{ {\text{0} }{{.612\;47} } } }{\left( { { { {S_{\text{f} } } } / { {d_{\text{r} } } } } } \right)^{0.062} }$ 圆管矩形翅片-当量尺寸为换算尺寸d_e
锅炉手册公式^[32]	$ \psi = {{\left( {{S_1} - {d_{\rm{o}}}} \right)} / {\left( {{S_2} - {d_{\rm{o}}}} \right)}} $ $\begin{gathered} f = 0.38{N_L}{\left( { { { {S_1} } / { {d_{\rm{o} } } } } - 1} \right)^{ - 0.5} }{\left( {\psi - 0.94} \right)^{ - 0.59} }R{e_{\rm{o} } }^{ { { - 0.2} /{ {\psi ^2} } } } \\ （1 < \psi \leqslant 8） \end{gathered}$ 光滑圆形管束-当量尺寸为圆管外径d_r
Filonenko公式^[28]	$f = { （1.82{\rm{l} }{ {\rm{g} } }R{e_{\rm{i} } } - 1.64） ^{ - 2} }$ 矩形通道-当量尺寸为水力直径

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