Stage spacing on aerodynamic performance of a certain type of coaxial contra rotating propeller
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摘要:
为掌握共轴对转螺旋桨的桨间气动干扰规律，降低桨间气动干扰强度，提升共轴对转螺旋桨的气动性能，基于非定常雷诺平均Navier-Stocks方程耦合湍流模型的计算方法，并使用了滑移网格技术，研究了4种不同桨间距的6×6构型对转螺旋桨的桨间气动干扰对其气动性能的影响，桨间距选择了4种不同方案。研究结果表明：在4种不同的轴向桨间距中，当桨间距为0.25倍螺旋桨直径时，共轴对转螺旋桨的平均推进效率最高，并且气动干扰导致的效率脉动幅度较小；随着桨间距的增大，前、后排桨受到的气动干扰强度都会减小，相比于后桨，前桨因气动干扰造成的脉动对桨间距更加敏感。可见共轴对转螺旋桨的桨间距会对螺旋桨的气动干扰，及气动性能产生较为明显的影响，在设计共轴对转螺旋桨时选择合适的桨间距，有利于提高螺旋桨气动性能。
Abstract:In order to master the law of aerodynamic interaction between stages of coaxial contra rotating propeller, reduce the intensity of aerodynamic interference between propellers and improve the aerodynamic performance of coaxial contra rotating propeller, the effects of 4 stage spaces between front and rear rows of 6×6 contra rotating propeller on aerodynamic interference were studied based on Reynolds averaged unsteady Navier-Stocks equation method and sliding mesh technique. The results showed that: the average propulsion efficiency of the coaxial contra rotating propeller was the highest when the stage spacing was 0.25 times of the propeller diameter. In addition, the efficiency fluctuation caused by aerodynamic interference was smaller. With the increase of stage spacing, the intensity of aerodynamic interference of front and rear propellers decreased. Compared with the rear propeller, the thrust pulsation of front propeller caused by aerodynamic interference was more sensitive to stage spacing. It can be seen that the stage spacing of coaxial contra rotating propeller had an obvious impact on the aerodynamic interference of propellers. Appropriate stage spacing in the design of coaxial contra rotating propeller is important to improve the aerodynamic performance of contra rotating propeller.
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图 2 拉力系数和功率系数的计算值与实验数据对比
Figure 2. Comparison of thrust coefficient and power coefficient between the calculation and experiment
图 3 不同桨间距的共轴对转螺旋桨示意图
Figure 3. Coaxial contra rotating propeller with different stage spacings
图 4 不同网格数量下推进效率变化（δ=0.2D）
Figure 4. Propulsion efficiency with different meshes （δ=0.2D）
图 5 不同时刻下共轴对转桨涡量分布云图（δ=0.35D）
Figure 5. Vorticity distribution of coaxial contra rotating propeller at different times （δ=0.35D）
图 6 共轴对转桨平均推进效率随着桨间距的变化
Figure 6. Variation of averaged propulsion efficiency of coaxial contra rotating propeller with stage spacing
图 7 共轴对转螺旋桨拉力系数随时间的变化情况
Figure 7. Variation of thrust coefficient of coaxial contra rotating propeller with time
图 8 拉力系数和功率系数的脉动幅值随桨间距变化
Figure 8. Variation of fluctuation of thrust coefficient and power coefficient with stage spacing
图 9 不同桨间距下瞬时推进效率随时间变化
Figure 9. Variation of instantaneous propulsion efficiency of contra rotating propeller with time under different stage spacing
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