Numerical simulation and mechanism analysis of jet atomization in the whole process of aircraft drainage
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摘要:
为实现飞机外部排液运动轨迹的有效预测，基于VOF to DPM方法建立了射流破碎计算模型，获取了飞机排液射流的初始形态；基于液滴破碎和质点弹道学理论开发计算程序，对雾化液滴沉降路径开展仿真预测；分析了在空气来流耦合作用下，排液初期射流破碎和后期液滴雾化的形成机理。研究结果表明：本文建立的全历程液滴运动计算模型可同时考虑外排液体的一次破碎和二次雾化，射流形态和雾化液滴沉降路径计算误差均小于5%，实现了滑行、爬升、高速巡航全工况下飞机排液运动路径和空间粒径分布特性的有效预测，为飞机适航符合性验证提供技术支持。
Abstract:To accurately predict the external liquid-discharge trajectory of an aircraft, a jet-breakup simulation model was established using the VOF-to-DPM approach to capture the initial morphology of the discharged liquid jet. Based on droplet-breakup mechanisms and particle ballistics, a computational program was developed to predict the settling trajectories of the atomized droplets. The mechanisms of initial jet breakup and subsequent droplet atomization under coupled incoming airflow effects were also analyzed. Results show that the proposed full-process droplet-motion model effectively accounts for both primary liquid breakup and secondary atomization. Calculation errors for jet morphology and droplet settling trajectories are below 5%. The model successfully predicts the discharge path and spatial droplet-size distribution across full flight conditions, including ground roll, climb, and high-speed cruise, thus providing reliable technical support for aircraft airworthiness compliance verification.
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Key words:
- aircraft drainage /
- jet in crossflow /
- jet breakup /
- droplet atomization /
- droplet trajectory
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图 5 不同自适应网格层数x/d=1.3位置速度幅值曲线
Figure 5. Velocity amplitude curve at position x/d=1.3 for different adaptive mesh layers
图 9 3.2 ms时射流各高度压力场以及截面流线图
Figure 9. Pressure field and cross-section streamline diagram at different heights of the jet at 3.2 ms
图 11 射流端部液体逐渐脱离射流主体
Figure 11. Liquid at the end of the jet separates from the main body
图 12 工况2和工况3液柱主体破碎对比
Figure 12. Comparison of main-body breakup of the liquid column for Case 2 and Case 3
图 13 工况2和工况3排液出口处质量流率随时间变化曲线
Figure 13. Temporal variation of mass flow rate at the discharge outlet for Case 2 and Case 3
图 15 工况2 Z = −15 m处液滴分布高斯处理示意图
Figure 15. Schematic diagram of droplet distribution processed by Gaussian filtering at Z = −15 m in Case2
表 1 模型的求解器设置
Table 1. Solver settings for the model
设置参数 设置方式 时间 瞬态求解；一阶隐式 VOF模型 显式求解 二次破碎 WAVE 湍流模型 SST k-ω 压力速度耦合 coupled 动量离散化方法 二阶迎风格式 压力离散化方法 PRESTO！ 体积分数离散化方法 Geo-Reconstruct 壁面边界 无滑移壁面；
DPM粒子逃逸表面张力模型 连续表面张力模型（CSF） 
下载: 导出CSV
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