两种阴接头型梁式管路连接结构优化设计与密封性能对比

许玉涵; 崔颖; 冯文轩; 武浩杰; 孙涵

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250202

两种阴接头型梁式管路连接结构优化设计与密封性能对比

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250202

大连海事大学船舶与海洋工程学院，辽宁大连 116026

基金项目: 大连市重点科技研发计划项目（2024YF14GX018）

详细信息

作者简介:
许玉涵（2001-），女，硕士生，研究方向为梁式管路连接结构优化设计。E-mail：xuyuhan0824@163.com

通讯作者:
崔颖（1977-），女，教授、博士生导师，博士，研究方向为发动机结构强度与振动控制。E-mail：cuiying@dlmu.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-04-25
- 网络出版日期: 2026-01-24

Comparison of optimized design and sealing performance of beam seal structure with two types of female connectors

Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering College，Dalian Maritime University，Dalian Liaoning 116026，China

摘要

摘要:
航空梁式管路连接结构阴接头的构型设计是保证其耐高压密封性能的关键。以综合考虑接触应力与微观粗糙密封界面泄漏特征的S指数为密封性能评价准则，基于宏观接触有限元模型，采用Sobol全局灵敏度方法识别出椭圆凹槽型和双锥面型两种阴接头影响密封性能的结构敏感参数。进而，利用径向基函数神经网络模型与多岛遗传算法得到两种阴接头的优化设计结构。在此基础上，数值模拟得出两种阴接头结构密封界面的接触应力与塑性应变随预紧力变化的规律。对比研究表明：在28 MPa和35 MPa的管内流体压力下，椭圆凹槽型阴接头的S指数较双锥面型阴接头超出64%以上，具有更高的密封性能，同时较小的塑性变形使其更适用于保证多次重复装配后的可分离管接头的密封可靠性。
- 梁式管路连接结构 /
- 椭圆凹槽型阴接头 /
- 双锥面型阴接头 /
- 结构优化 /
- 密封性能
Abstract:
The structural design of the female connector in aerial beam seal structure is critical to ensuring high-pressure sealing performance. The S-index, which integrates the contact stress and the leakage characteristics of the microscopic rough sealing interface, was used as the criterion for sealing performance evaluation, and based on the macroscopic contact finite element model, the structural sensitivity parameters affecting the sealing performance of two types of female connectors (elliptical-grooved and double-tapered), were identified using the Sobol global sensitivity method. Further, the optimized design structure of two types of female connectors was obtained by using radial basis function neural network model with multi-island genetic algorithm. On this basis, numerical simulation was conducted to obtain the variation of contact stress and plastic strain at the sealing interface of the two types of female connectors with the preload force. Comparative studies revealed that under internal fluid pressures of 28 MPa and 35 MPa, the elliptical-grooved female connector exhibited an S-index value exceeding that of the double-tapered female connector by over 64%, indicating significantly enhanced sealing performance. Moreover, its relatively limited plastic deformation rendered it more suitable for ensuring reliable sealing in demountable pipe connectors subjected to repeated assembly cycles.
- beam seal structure /
- elliptical-grooved female connector /
- double-tapered female connector /
- structure optimization /
- sealing performance

HTML

图 1 梁式管路连接结构示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of beam seal structure

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图 2 两种构型梁式管路连接结构参数化定义

Figure 2. Definition of structural parameters for two types beam seal structures

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图 3 两种构型梁式管路连接结构有限元模型

Figure 3. Finite element model of two types beam seal structures

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图 4 载荷施加与边界条件

Figure 4. Loading and boundary conditions

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图 5 梁式管路连接结构网格划分

Figure 5. Mesh division of beam seal structure

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图 6 两种型式阴接头接触应力分布云图

Figure 6. Contact stress distribution contour of two types female connectors

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图 7 双粗糙面接触模型

Figure 7. Double rough surface contact model

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图 8 接触面积比与接触应力关系曲线

Figure 8. Contact area ratio versus contact stress

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图 9 S指数积分示意图

Figure 9. Schematic of S-index integration

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图 10 椭圆凹槽型阴接头结构参数效应值

Figure 10. Effect values of structural parameters of elliptical-grooved female connector

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图 11 双锥面型阴接头结构参数效应值

Figure 11. Effect values of structural parameters of double-tapered female connector

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图 12 两种梁式管路连接结构接触应力变化曲线

Figure 12. Contact stress variation curves of two types beam seal structures

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图 13 不同预紧力下两种梁式管路连接结构S指数变化曲线

Figure 13. S-index variation curves of two types beam seal structures under different pretightening force

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图 14 等效塑性应变云图

Figure 14. Equivalent plastic strain contour

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图 15 最大塑性应变随预紧力变化曲线

Figure 15. Maximum plastic strain with pretightening force

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图 16 高压流体条件下两种梁式管路连接结构密封性能对比

Figure 16. Comparison of two types beam seal structures of sealing performance under the high-pressure fluids

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表 1 Φ12 mm梁式管路连接结构参数取值

Table 1. Parameters of Φ12 mm beam seal structure

结构参数	数值
密封梁椭圆弧凹槽长轴a/mm	1.50
密封梁椭圆弧凹槽短半轴b/mm	0.30
第一道密封名义接触带宽c/mm	0.53
阳接头壁厚d/mm	3.00
U形截面轴向长度e/mm	1.50
密封梁截面宽度h/mm	1.00
阴接头壁厚P/mm	1.70
阴接头垫肩角度γ/（°）	35.00
U形截面与径向夹角θ/（°）	15.00
椭圆凹槽型结构U形截面底部到阴接头外径距离δ₁/mm	1.50
双锥面型结构U形截面底部到阴接头外径距离δ₂/mm	1.05
阴接头垫肩轴向长度l/mm	3.90
阳接头锥面角α/（°）	8.50
第一道密封锥面角β₁/（°）	4.32
第二道密封锥面角β₂/（°）	2.79

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表 2 塑性本构关系

Table 2. Plastic constitutive relationship

应力/MPa	塑性应变	应力/MPa	塑性应变
373.77	0	540.98	0.0291
398.36	0.0019	612.30	0.0451
415.57	0.0051	661.48	0.0565
450.00	0.0111	703.28	0.0660
509.02	0.0226	801.64	0.0885

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表 3 椭圆凹槽型阴接头结构参数取值范围

Table 3. Structure parameters value range of elliptical-grooved female connector mm

结构参数	数值范围	结构参数	数值范围
a	1.00～1.80	b	0.25～0.35
c	0.40～0.90	e	1.40～1.90
P	1.30～1.80	δ₁	1.00～1.90

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表 4 双锥面型阴接头结构参数取值范围

Table 4. Structure parameters value range of double-tapered female connector

结构参数	数值范围	结构参数	数值范围
β₁/（°）	3.50～7.50	β₂/（°）	2.00～4.00
e/mm	1.40～1.90	δ₂/mm	1.00～1.90
P/mm	1.30～1.80

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表 5 椭圆凹槽型梁式管路连接结构密封性能优化前后对比

Table 5. Comparison of results before and after optimization of elliptical-grooved beam seal structures

参数	优化前	优化后
a/mm	1.50	1.72
c/mm	0.53	0.84
δ₁/mm	1.50	1.80
S指数/（MPa·mm）	23.95	37.42

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表 6 双锥面型梁式管路连接结构密封性能优化前后对比

Table 6. Comparison of results before and after optimization of double-tapered beam seal structures

参数	优化前	优化后
β₁/（°）	4.32	3.71
β₂/（°）	2.79	2.91
δ₂/mm	1.05	1.48
S指数/（MPa·mm）	18.05	21.55

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