| Citation: | Wu Zhengyuan, Chen Xinmin, Xiong Junhui, et al. Study on aerodynamic interaction phenomenon among distributed ducted fans under hovering condition[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2026, 41（7）：20240673 doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20240673
|
To further investigate the aerodynamic interaction phenomenon among distributed ducted fans, ground tests or numerical simulation studies of ducted fan unit and distributed ducted fans with different configuration were carried out. Combining ground test and CFD numerical simulation, it was found that under static conditions, for a 100 kg-class ducted fan unit, more than half of the total thrust was generated by the duct, while the rest of thrust was mainly provided by the rotor. Based on CFD simulations, the aerodynamic interaction mechanism of two different types of distributed ducted fan configurations was investigated. Focusing on the thrust performance of duct and blade under aerodynamic interaction, the velocity and pressure fields from the leading edge to the trailing edge were analyzed. It showed that the wall pressure increased significantly near the leading edge due to strong aerodynamic interaction with the adjacent duct. Concurrently, the induced flow velocity around the leading edge decreased rapidly compared with the isolated ducted fan, leading to a substantial reduction in duct thrust. Meanwhile, the wall pressure at the trailing edge also increased, owing to the decrease of flow velocity at the outlet of duct. The thrust of rotor raised slightly due to the increase of the actual angle of attack of blade. Eventually, the average thrust of ducted fan group remained almost unchanged compared with that of the ducted fan unit. In addition, the blade rotation direction of the three ducted fans had little effect on thrust performance. For the integrated ducted fan set, the change of duct leading edge shape led to obvious reduction on thrust. Besides, flow separation at trailing edge region of integrated ducted fan also resulted in lower wall pressure compared with ducted fan unit, bringing down the thrust of duct furthermore. As a conclusion, current integrated design concept does not lead to an improvement in the aerodynamic performance of the ducted fan set.
| [1] |
黄俊, 杨凤田. 新能源电动飞机发展与挑战[J]. 航空学报, 2016, 37(1): 57-68. Huang Jun, Yang Fengtian. Development and challenges of electric aircraft with new energies[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2016, 37(1): 57-68. (in Chinese
Huang Jun, Yang Fengtian. Development and challenges of electric aircraft with new energies[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2016, 37(1): 57-68. (in Chinese)
|
| [2] |
朱炳杰, 杨希祥, 宗建安, 等. 分布式混合电推进飞行器技术[J]. 航空学报, 2022, 43(7): 025556. Zhu Bingjie, Yang Xixiang, Zong Jian’an, et al. Review of distributed hybrid electric propulsion aircraft technology[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2022, 43(7): 025556. (in Chinese
Zhu Bingjie, Yang Xixiang, Zong Jian’an, et al. Review of distributed hybrid electric propulsion aircraft technology[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2022, 43(7): 025556. (in Chinese)
|
| [3] |
Kim H D, Perry A T, Ansell P J. A review of distributed electric propulsion concepts for air vehicle technology[C]//2018 AIAA/IEEE Electric Aircraft Technologies Symposium. Piscataway, US: IEEE, 2018: 1-21.
|
| [4] |
Liou M F, Gronstal D, Kim H J, et al. Aerodynamic design of the hybrid wing body with nacelle: N3-X propulsion-airframe configuration: AIAA 2016-3875 [R]. Washington: 34th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference. AIAA, 2016.
|
| [5] |
夏济宇, 周洲, 徐德, 等. 矢量电推进系统的气动-推进耦合模型[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(11): 127672. Xia Jiyu, Zhou Zhou, Xu De, et al. Aerodynamic/propulsion coupling model of vector electric propulsion system[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(11): 127672. (in Chinese doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2022.27672
Xia Jiyu, Zhou Zhou, Xu De, et al. Aerodynamic/propulsion coupling model of vector electric propulsion system[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(11): 127672. (in Chinese) doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2022.27672
|
| [6] |
张星雨, 高正红, 雷涛, 等. 分布式电推进飞机气动-推进耦合特性地面试验[J]. 航空学报, 2022, 43(8): 125389. Zhang Xingyu, Gao Zhenghong, Lei Tao, et al. Ground test on aerodynamic-propulsion coupling characteristics of distributed electric propulsion aircraft[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2022, 43(8): 125389. (in Chinese
Zhang Xingyu, Gao Zhenghong, Lei Tao, et al. Ground test on aerodynamic-propulsion coupling characteristics of distributed electric propulsion aircraft[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2022, 43(8): 125389. (in Chinese)
|
| [7] |
周芳, 王掩刚, 王思维, 等. 分布式电推进系统中涵道风扇耦合效应的试验与数值研究[J]. 推进技术, 2024, 45(3): 2208036. Zhou Fang, Wang Yangang, Wang Siwei, et al. Experimental and numerical study on coupling effect of ducted fan in distributed electric propulsion system[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2024, 45(3): 2208036. (in Chinese doi: 10.13675/j.cnki.tjjs.2208036
Zhou Fang, Wang Yangang, Wang Siwei, et al. Experimental and numerical study on coupling effect of ducted fan in distributed electric propulsion system[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2024, 45(3): 2208036. (in Chinese) doi: 10.13675/j.cnki.tjjs.2208036
|
| [8] |
Nathen P, Strohmayer A, Miller R, et al. Architectural performance assessment of an electric vertical take-off and landing (e-VTOL) aircraft based on a ducted vectored thrust concept[R/OL]. Germany: Lilium GmbH, 2021(2021-04-07) [2026-04-14]. https://lilium.com/files/redaktion/refresh_feb2021/investors/Lilium_7-Seater_Paper.pdf.
|
| [9] |
饶崇, 张铁军, 魏闯, 等. 一种分布式电动飞机螺旋桨滑流影响机理[J]. 航空学报, 2021, 42(增刊1): 726387. Rao Chong, Zhang Tiejun, Wei Chuang, et al. Influence mechanism of propeller slipstream on wing of a distributed electric aircraft scheme[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2021, 42(Suppl. 1): 726387. (in Chinese
Rao Chong, Zhang Tiejun, Wei Chuang, et al. Influence mechanism of propeller slipstream on wing of a distributed electric aircraft scheme[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2021, 42(Suppl. 1): 726387. (in Chinese)
|
| [10] |
张阳, 周洲, 郭佳豪. 分布式涵道风扇喷流对后置机翼的气动性能影响[J]. 航空学报, 2021, 42(9): 224977. Zhang Yang, Zhou Zhou, Guo Jiahao. Effects of distributed electric propulsion jet on aerodynamic performance of rear wing[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2021, 42(9): 224977. (in Chinese
Zhang Yang, Zhou Zhou, Guo Jiahao. Effects of distributed electric propulsion jet on aerodynamic performance of rear wing[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2021, 42(9): 224977. (in Chinese)
|
| [11] |
Perry A T, Bretl T, Ansell P J. Aeropropulsive coupling effects on a general-aviation aircraft with distributed electric propulsion[J]. Journal of Aircraft, 2021, 58(6): 1351-1363. doi: 10.2514/1.C036048
|
| [12] |
王思维, 王掩刚, 陈延俊, 等. 涵道风扇部件耦合设计方法及初步应用[J]. 推进技术, 2024, 45(3): 2208035. Wang Siwei, Wang Yangang, Chen Yanjun, et al. Components coupling design method and preliminary application of ducted fan[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2024, 45(3): 2208035. (in Chinese
Wang Siwei, Wang Yangang, Chen Yanjun, et al. Components coupling design method and preliminary application of ducted fan[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2024, 45(3): 2208035. (in Chinese)
|
| [13] |
刘昭威, 王俊, 彭河鑫. 30 kW级航空电驱动涵道风扇设计与试验[J]. 推进技术, 2023, 44(3): 22010007. Liu Zhaowei, Wang Jun, Peng Hexin. 30 kW aviation electric drive ducted fan design and experiment[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2023, 44(3): 22010007. (in Chinese doi: 10.13675/j.cnki.tjjs.22010007
Liu Zhaowei, Wang Jun, Peng Hexin. 30 kW aviation electric drive ducted fan design and experiment[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2023, 44(3): 22010007. (in Chinese) doi: 10.13675/j.cnki.tjjs.22010007
|
| [14] |
熊俊辉, 陈新民, 俞浪, 等. 涵道风扇电推进系统关键应用技术探讨[J]. 推进技术, 2023, 44(12): 2211008. Xiong Junhui, Chen Xinmin, Yu Lang, et al. Key technologies analysis of ducted fan electric propulsion system[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2023, 44(12): 2211008. (in Chinese doi: 10.13675/j.cnki.tjjs.2211008
Xiong Junhui, Chen Xinmin, Yu Lang, et al. Key technologies analysis of ducted fan electric propulsion system[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2023, 44(12): 2211008. (in Chinese) doi: 10.13675/j.cnki.tjjs.2211008
|
| [15] |
Qian Yuping, Luo Yiwei, Hu Xuanyang, et al. Improving the performance of ducted fans for VTOL applications: a review[J]. Science China Technological Sciences, 2022, 65(11): 2521-2541. doi: 10.1007/s11431-021-2110-x
|
| [16] |
叶坤, 叶正寅, 屈展. 涵道气动优化设计方法[J]. 航空动力学报, 2013, 28(8): 1828-1835. Ye Kun, Ye Zhengyin, Qu Zhan. Aerodynamic optimization method for duct design[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2013, 28(8): 1828-1835. (in Chinese
Ye Kun, Ye Zhengyin, Qu Zhan. Aerodynamic optimization method for duct design[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2013, 28(8): 1828-1835. (in Chinese)
|
| [17] |
王海童, 王掩刚, 周芳, 等. 基于面元法的分布式涵道推进系统进气道优化设计[J]. 推进技术, 2021, 42(11): 2465-2473. Wang Haitong, Wang Yangang, Zhou Fang, et al. Optimization design of inlet for distributed ducted fan propulsion system based on panel method[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2021, 42(11): 2465-2473. (in Chinese doi: 10.13675/j.cnki.tjjs.200813
Wang Haitong, Wang Yangang, Zhou Fang, et al. Optimization design of inlet for distributed ducted fan propulsion system based on panel method[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2021, 42(11): 2465-2473. (in Chinese) doi: 10.13675/j.cnki.tjjs.200813
|
| [18] |
郭佳豪, 周洲, 李旭. 一种涵道螺旋桨桨叶高效设计方法[J]. 航空学报, 2022, 43(7): 125253. Guo Jiahao, Zhou Zhou, Li Xu. An efficient design method for blade of ducted propeller[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2022, 43(7): 125253. (in Chinese
Guo Jiahao, Zhou Zhou, Li Xu. An efficient design method for blade of ducted propeller[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2022, 43(7): 125253. (in Chinese)
|
| [19] |
苏雷. 涵道风扇气动性能研究及涵道外形参数优化分析[D]. 北京: 清华大学, 2019. Su Lei. Aerodynamic performance calculation of ducted fan and optimization of duct profile parameters[D]. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2019. (in Chinese
Su Lei. Aerodynamic performance calculation of ducted fan and optimization of duct profile parameters[D]. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2019. (in Chinese)
|
| [20] |
韩凯, 白俊强, 邱亚松, 等. 涵道螺旋桨设计变量的影响及其流动机理[J]. 航空学报, 2022, 43(7): 125466. Han Kai, Bai Junqiang, Qiu Yasong, et al. Aerodynamic performance and flow mechanism of ducted propeller with different design variables[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2022, 43(7): 125466. (in Chinese
Han Kai, Bai Junqiang, Qiu Yasong, et al. Aerodynamic performance and flow mechanism of ducted propeller with different design variables[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2022, 43(7): 125466. (in Chinese)
|
| [21] |
Luo Yiwei, Ai Tianfu, He Yuhang, et al. Numerical investigation on unsteady characteristics of ducted fans in ground effect[J]. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 2023, 36(9): 79-95. doi: 10.1016/j.cja.2023.04.004
|
| [22] |
龚天宇, 袁巍. 内外流耦合对分布式涵道风扇影响的机理[J]. 航空动力学报, 2021, 36(3): 592-605. Gong Tianyu, Yuan Wei. Mechanism of internal/external flow coupling effects on the performance of distributed ducted fan[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2021, 36(3): 592-605. (in Chinese doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.2021.03.015
Gong Tianyu, Yuan Wei. Mechanism of internal/external flow coupling effects on the performance of distributed ducted fan[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2021, 36(3): 592-605. (in Chinese) doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.2021.03.015
|
DownLoad:
