| Citation: | HAO Fenfen, ZHOU Xuewen, CHENG Mingcan, et al. Numerical investigation on design and aerodynamic parameters of rocket sled sabot backing ring[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2025, 40（11）：20250040 doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250040
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Considering the key requirement of low-disturbance sled separation in the rocket sled test, a sabot backing ring structure based on the dehulling mechanism was proposed to be placed between the test objects and the rocket sleds to enhance the aerodynamic separation force of the backing ring after the object was released from the sled. Four types of inner concave sabot backing rings were designed with different extension lengths; the ratio of sabot extension length to ring thickness was 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2, respectively. CFD simulations were conducted to analyze the aerodynamic characteristics of rocket sleds equipped with both traditional backing ring and four types of sabot backing rings. A systematic investigation on the aerodynamic effects of the sleds with traditional flat backing ring and sabot backing ring and the effects of the sabot extension length and the Mach number was carried out. The results showed that the inner concave sabot ring significantly improved its outward expansion force relative to the test product during the bullet-sled separation process compared with the traditional flat backing ring. The increase in the sabot extension length had little effect on its own aerodynamic drag, but it increased the bullet drag and reduced the sled drag; while improving the lifting and lateral force of the ring, this was favorable to the sled separation. At Mach numbers below 2, the short extension length of the sabot backing ring may generate unfavorable lateral forces, but as the Mach number increased, the lift and lateral forces of the long extension length of the sabot backing ring increased, helping to achieve bullet-sled separation. The results of the study can provide a new solution and theoretical support for the design of low disturbance separation of rocket sled test.
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