Tooth root crack fault detection of planetary transmission based on local synchronous fitting and narrowband demodulation
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摘要:
为实现较少旋转圈数工况下的行星传动齿轮故障检测，本文提出一种基于局部同步拟合和窄带解调的行星传动齿根裂纹故障检测方法。该方法首先对行星齿轮箱振动信号进行角域重采样，再采用局部同步拟合方法估计出确定性分量；随后，由研究中提出的啮合谐波能量比最大准则自动选择包含齿轮故障信息最丰富的滤波阶次频带，并进行窄带解调；最后，通过幅值解调和相位解调揭示齿轮故障特征。实验和对比结果表明：该方法可以有效检测出齿根裂纹引起的周期性幅值和相位突变，且所需数据量较传统的加窗同步平均方法更少，在少转数工况下的齿根裂纹故障检测具有一定的优势。
Abstract:In order to realize the fault detection of planetary transmission gear under the condition of less rotation cycles, a fault detection method for tooth root crack of planetary transmission based on local synchronous fitting and narrowband demodulation was presented. Firstly, the angular domain resampling of the vibration signal was carried out, and then the local synchronous fitting was used to estimate the deterministic component; according to the maximum meshing harmonic energy ratio criterion proposed in the research, the filter order frequency band with the most abundant gear fault information was selected automatically and demodulated; finally, the gear fault characteristics were revealed by amplitude demodulation and phase demodulation. The experimental and comparative results showed that this method can effectively detect the periodic amplitude and phase mutation caused by the root crack, and the amount of data required was less than the traditional windowed synchronous average method. The root crack fault detection under the condition of few revolutions had certain advantages.
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图 1 基于局部同步拟合和窄带解调的行星传动齿根裂纹故障检测流程图
Figure 1. Flowchart of tooth root crack fault detection of planetary transmission based on local synchronous fitting and narrowband demodulation
图 11 太阳轮故障信号加窗同步平均窄带解调结果
Figure 11. Narrowband demodulation results of windowed vibration separation of sun gear fault
图 14 行星轮故障信号加窗同步平均信号的窄带解调结果
Figure 14. Narrowband demodulation results of windowed vibration separation of plant gear fault
表 1 行星减速器参数
Table 1. Parameters of example planetary reducer
齿轮 齿数 径向变位系数 行星轮Np （3个） 20 0.754 太阳轮Ns 28 0.529 齿圈Nr 71 0.162 
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表 2 行星传动相关阶比
Table 2. Related orders of planetary transmission
特征阶比 阶比 行星架旋转阶比Oc 1 啮合阶比Om 71 太阳轮故障阶比Os 2.53 行星轮故障阶比Op 3.55
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表 3 行星架旋转圈数比较
Table 3. Required cycles of planet carrier
方法 行星架旋转圈 太阳轮 行星轮 局部同步拟合 2.83 3.92 加窗振动分离同步平均 700 500
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