Key dimension design and experiment of spherical hinge fusing structure on aero-engine
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摘要:
针对球铰熔断结构分析了其工作机理,提取了关键尺寸,设计了模拟球铰熔断机构,并完成了实验验证。研究发现:球铰熔断装置的关键参数包括熔断销钉减薄面、销钉材料以及销钉位置。其主要作用应侧重于在大不平衡量下,通过内轴承座的内外环相对滑移减小2号轴承的偏角,保护2号轴承。球铰结构熔断后,会进一步弱化刚度,降低转子的临界转速,这会使得发动机减速至风车转速时通过的临界转速降低,进一步减小过临界时的不平衡载荷。
Abstract:The working mechanism of spherical hinge fusing structure was analyzed, the key dimensions were extracted, a simulation spherical hinge fusing mechanism was designed, and experimental verification was completed. It was found that the key parameters of the spherical hinge fusing device include fusing pin thin surface, pin material, and pin position. Its main roles should focus on reducing the angle of the second bearing through the relative slip of inner and outer rings of the inner bearing seat under the large unbalance, and protecting the second bearing. After the spherical hinge structure was fused, the stiffness was further weakened and the critical speed of the rotor was reduced, which reduced the critical speed of the engine when it decelerated to the windmill speed, and further reduce the unbalanced load in the case of beyond the critical rotating speed.
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表 1 实验器各部件材料
Table 1. Materials of units on the test rig
部件名称 材料 支座 20 承力幅板 40CrNiMoA 锥壁 40CrNiMoA 轴承座 40CrNiMoA 转轴 40CrNiMoA 鼠笼弹支 65Mn 盘 40Cr 熔断销钉 T10 内轴承座内环 GCr15 内轴承座外环 GCr15 表 2 锥壁熔断前后熔断销钉的参数对比
Table 2. Comparison of fusing pin parameters before and after cone wall fusing
锥壁状态 熔断前 熔断后 熔断销钉的最大应力/MPa 3412.7 4488.7 最大剪切力/N 24127.8 31735.1 减薄面最大横截面/mm2 15.72 20.67 减薄面最大直径/mm 4.47 5.13 表 3 1号支点鼠笼弹支应变信息
Table 3. Stress information of squirrel cage elastic support at support 1
通道序号 通道信息 CH1 内弹支段上、下方向的电压信号 CH2 内弹支段左、右方向的电压信号 CH3 外弹支段上、下方向的电压信号 CH4 外弹支段左、右方向的电压信号 表 4 临界转速测试结果
Table 4. Experimental results of critical speeds
阶次 转速/(r/min) 卡盘夹紧状态
(锥壁熔断前)卡盘松开状态
(锥壁熔断后)1 2035 1663 2 2422 1946 -
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