基于遗传算法的横向减阻沟槽优化及机理

宋居正; 李耕耘

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220387

基于遗传算法的横向减阻沟槽优化及机理

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220387

中航西安飞机工业集团股份有限公司，西安 710089

详细信息

作者简介:
宋居正（1993-），男，工程师，博士，主要从事气动减阻优化研究。E-mail：sjuzheng2022@163.com

中图分类号: V211.3
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- 文章访问数: 66
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-31
- 网络出版日期: 2023-11-20

Shape optimization and mechanism of transverse groove for drag reduction based on genetic algorithm

Xi’an Aircraft Industry Group Company，Aviation Industry Corporation of China，Limited，Xi’an 710089，China

摘要

摘要:
针对二维横向减阻沟槽的形状优化问题，提出了基于自由变形技术及遗传算法的优化方法。以三角形为初始减阻沟槽截面外形，基于自由变形技术对沟槽外形进行几何参数化。通过流场求解对沟槽壁面阻力进行计算，以沟槽壁面的流向气动阻力最小化为优化目标，以遗传算法为优化算法，对沟槽外形进行气动减阻优化。优化结果表明：在来流马赫数为0.8时，优化后的沟槽外形相比于初始的三角形沟槽壁面，减阻率从6.4%增加至10.1%。优化方法表明，自由变形方法结合遗传算法可以为减阻沟槽形状优化提供更大的设计空间，为减阻沟槽形状的优化设计提供了新的设计方法。
- 横向沟槽 /
- 气动减阻 /
- 自由变形 /
- 遗传算法 /
- 外形优化
Abstract:
An optimization approach based on free-form deformation technology and genetic algorithm was proposed for the shape optimization of two-dimensional transverse groove for drag reduction. The triangle was employed as the origin groove section, which was geometrically parameterized based on free-form deformation. The minimum groove drag force calculated by flow field simulation was used as optimization goal, while the genetic algorithm was adopted as the optimization method. The optimization results illustrated that the drag reduction rate of the optimized groove was improved from 6.4% to 10.1% at 0.8 Mach, compared with the origin triangular groove. The optimization approach indicated that the free-form deformation method and genetic algorithm can expand the design space for shape optimization of the drag reduction groove. The present work demonstrates a new approach for shape optimization of groove.
- transverse groove /
- aerodynamic drag reduction /
- free-form deformation /
- genetic algorithm /
- shape optimization

HTML

图 1 沟槽单元形状及沟槽周围FFD控制点示意图

Figure 1. Diagram of groove and the FFD control points around the groove

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图 2 计算域及边界条件设置示意图（单位：μm）

Figure 2. Simulation domain and boundary conditions （unit: μm）

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图 3 沟槽单元壁面阻力随网格数变化曲线

Figure 3. Groove wall drag curve with the numbers of meshes

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图 4 沟槽单元壁面附近网格

Figure 4. Mesh near the groove wall

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图 5 沟槽单元壁面y⁺值

Figure 5. Wall y⁺ of the groove

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图 6 基于遗传算法的沟槽减阻优化流程

Figure 6. Flowchart of the groove drag reduction optimization based on genetic algorithm

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图 7 初始三角形沟槽外形与优化后的沟槽外形对比

Figure 7. Comparison of the origin triangular groove with the optimized groove

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图 8 沟槽壁面受力示意图

Figure 8. Diagram of the force on the groove wall

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图 9 优化后沟槽流场速度矢量

Figure 9. Flow field velocity vector of the optimized groove

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图 10 沟槽壁面压强分布对比

Figure 10. Comparison of pressure distributions on the groove wall

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图 11 沟槽优化前后壁面剪切力对比

Figure 11. Comparison of the shear stress on the groove wall

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图 12 沟槽优化前后流向速度对比

Figure 12. Comparison of flow velocities in the groove domain

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图 13 x=21 μm处流向速度沿壁面法向变化对比

Figure 13. Comparison of flow velocities along the normal direction of the wall at x=21 μm

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表 1 沟槽壁面减阻效果对比

Table 1. Comparison of the groove drag reduction

壁面类型	压差阻力/N	黏性阻力/N	总阻力/N	减阻率/%
光滑平板	0	0.1542	0.1542
三角形沟槽单元	0.0250	0.1193	0.1443	6.4
优化后的沟槽单元	0.0246	0.1140	0.1386	10.1

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