基于不稳定性理论的离心喷嘴液雾SMD半理论预测

高昭; 刘玉英; 张权; 黄勇; 王东辉

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220626

基于不稳定性理论的离心喷嘴液雾SMD半理论预测

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220626

北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院，北京 100191

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项（J2019-Ⅲ-0016-0060）

详细信息

作者简介:
高昭（1990-），男，博士生，主要从事航空发动机雾化研究

通讯作者:
刘玉英（1974-），女，教授，博士，主要从事航空发动机燃烧研究。E-mail：yyliu@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231.2
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- 文章访问数: 47
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-28
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-04

Semiempirical prediction of Sauter mean diameter for pressure swirl atomizer based on instability theory

School of Energy and Power Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China

摘要

摘要:
基于液膜雾化的不稳定性理论，同时考虑离心喷嘴锥形液膜气液相互作用过程中开尔文-亥姆霍兹（K-H）不稳定性和瑞利-泰勒（R-T）不稳定性对液膜破碎的影响，建立了离心喷嘴液雾索太尔平均直径（SMD）半理论预测模型，并在燃油温度240～300 K、燃油压力0.5～3 MPa条件下开展了离心喷嘴燃油雾化全息试验和激光多普勒粒子分析仪（PDPA）测试验证试验。研究表明：液膜表面同时存在流向波和周向波，燃油压力和燃油温度的降低，均会抑制液膜表面不稳定性的发展，使得液雾SMD增大，且相较于K-H不稳定性，燃油压力变化对R-T不稳定性的影响更为显著；模型可实现对变物性、结构和工况离心喷嘴液雾SMD的良好预测，最大预测误差在±15%左右，对离心喷嘴的雾化性能预测和结构优化设计具有一定的工程应用价值。
- 离心喷嘴 /
- 锥形液膜 /
- 不稳定性理论 /
- 索太尔平均直径 /
- 预测模型
Abstract:
Based on the liquid atomization instability theory, a semiempirical model was established to predict the Sauter mean diameter (SMD) of pressure swirl atomizers, considering the Kelvin-Helmholtz (K-H) instability and Rayleigh-Taylor (R-T) instability generated by the interactions between air and liquid film. The experiments were also conducted using phase Doppler particle analyzer (PDPA) technique and digital off-axis holography with liquid temperature ranging from 240 to 300 K and liquid pressure ranging from 0.5 to 3 MPa. The results showed that: there were circumferential waves and axial waves on the surface of liquid sheet. With the decrease of liquid pressure and liquid temperature, the instability of liquid film was inhibited, which led to the increase of the SMD. Compared with the K-H instability, the effect of the liquid pressure on R-T instability was more significant; the effects of liquid physical properties, geometrical structures and operating conditions were included in the semiempirical correlation. The predictions showed good agreement with the experimental results, and the maximum uncertainty of the semiempirical correlation to predict the SMD was about ±15% for the available experimental data, making it valuable for the prediction of atomization performance and the optimization of the structure of pressure swirl atomizers.
- pressure swirl atomizer /
- conical liquid sheet /
- instability theory /
- Sauter mean diameter /
- prediction model

HTML

图 1 离心喷嘴液膜破碎物理模型示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of liquid film breakup model of pressure swirl atomizer

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图 2 试验系统示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of experimental system

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图 3 脉冲激光离轴全息测试系统示意图

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of pulsed laser DOH measurement system

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图 5 PDPA测量位置示意图

Figure 5. Schematic diagram of PDPA measurement positions

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图 6 某型离心喷嘴结构示意图

Figure 6. Schematic diagram of a pressure swirl atomizer

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图 4 PDPA测试系统示意图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of PDPA measurement system

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图 7 不同燃油压力条件下的全息图像（T=250 K）

Figure 7. DOH images under different pressure drops （T=250 K）

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图 8 燃油压力对液雾SMD的影响

Figure 8. Influence of pressure drop on SMD

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图 9 无量纲K-H波和R-T波波长计算值随燃油压力的变化（T=250 K）

Figure 9. Variation of non-dimensional K-H wave length and R-T wave length with pressure drop （T=250 K）

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图 10 不同燃油温度条件下的全息图像（$ \Delta p = 0.8\;\mathrm{M}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{a} $）

Figure 10. DOH images under different fuel temperatures （$ \Delta p = 0.8\;\mathrm{M}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{a} $）

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图 11 燃油温度对液雾SMD的影响（$ \Delta p = 0.8\;\mathrm{M}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{a} $）

Figure 11. Influence of fuel temperature on SMD （$ \Delta p = 0.8\;\mathrm{M}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{a} $）

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图 12 无量纲K-H波和R-T波波长计算值随燃油温度的变化（$ \Delta p = 0.8\;\mathrm{M}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{a} $）

Figure 12. Variation of non-dimensional K-H wave length and R-T wave length with fuel temperature （$ \Delta p = 0.8\;\mathrm{M}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{a} $）

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图 13 旋流室进口面积对液膜破碎的影响

Figure 13. Influence of $ {A}_{\mathrm{p}} $ on liquid film breakup

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图 14 喷口段长度对液膜破碎的影响

Figure 14. Influence of $ {l}_{0} $ on liquid film breakup

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图 15 喷口直径对液膜破碎的影响

Figure 15. Influence of $ {d}_{0} $ on liquid film breakup

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图 16 模型SMD预测值与试验值对比

Figure 16. Comparison of the predicted and measured SMD

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表 1 试验工况

Table 1. Operating conditions

工况编号	燃油温度$ T/ $K	燃油压力$ \Delta p/ $MPa
1	300	0.8
2	260	0.8
3	240	0.8
4	250	0.5
5	250	1.5
6	250	3

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表 2 模型验证补充数据^{[18, 34]}

Table 2. Supplemental data for model verification^{[18, 34]}

工况编号	$ {d}_{0}/\mathrm{m}\mathrm{m} $	$ {l}_{0} $/$ {d}_{0} $	$ {d}_{\mathrm{s}}/ $m	$ {A}_{\mathrm{p}}/{10}^{-6}\;\mathrm{m}^{2} $	$ K $	$ \Delta p/\mathrm{M}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{a} $	$ \dot{{m}_{\mathrm{l}}}/ （\mathrm{k}\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{s}） $	$ \mathrm{S}\mathrm{M}\mathrm{D}/{\text{μ}}\mathrm{m} $	数据来源
7	1	1	0.018	12	0.66	0.6	0.014	98	Xiao等^[18]
8	2	0.5	0.018	12	0.33	0.6	0.035	106	Xiao等^[18]
9	3	0.33	0.018	12	0.22	0.6	0.063	140	Xiao等^[18]
10	2	0.5	0.018	8	0.22	0.6	0.032	105	Xiao等^[18]
11	2	0.5	0.018	16	0.44	0.6	0.042	130	Xiao等^[18]
12	0.4	0.5	0.002	0.59	0.74	0.6	0.003	45	Xiao等^[18]
13	0.4	1.25	0.002	0.59	0.74	0.6	0.0029	49	Xiao等^[18]
14	0.4	2.5	0.002	0.59	0.74	0.6	0.0034	54	Xiao等^[18]
15	1	1	0.003	1.2	0.4	0.3	0.0055	89	Couto等^[34]
16	1	1	0.003	1.2	0.4	0.4	0.00613	81	Couto等^[34]
17	1	1	0.003	1.2	0.4	0.5	0.0067	75	Couto等^[34]
18	1	1	0.003	1.2	0.4	0.6	0.0074	71	Couto等^[34]

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