燃油喷注位置对旋转爆震燃烧室性能影响实验研究

寇奕涛; 郭善广; 吴云; 杨诏; 冯鹏飞; 常一冰; 蒙张翼

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250153

燃油喷注位置对旋转爆震燃烧室性能影响实验研究

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20250153

寇奕涛^{1, 2,},
郭善广^3,*, ,,
吴云³,
杨诏³,
冯鹏飞³,
常一冰³,
蒙张翼²

1.
西安交通大学未来技术学院，西安 710049
2.
西安交通大学航空动力系统与等离子体技术全国重点实验室，西安 710049
3.
空军工程大学，西安 710038

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52025064，52306060，52106190）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（xzy022025069）；国家留学基金（202406280432）

详细信息

作者简介:
寇奕涛（2000-），男，博士生，研究领域为旋转爆震发动机气动热力学。E-mail：kouyitao123@stu.xjtu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
郭善广（1986-），男，博士，副教授，研究领域为旋转爆震发动机。E-mail：shanguang_guo@163.com

中图分类号: V231.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-03-28
- 网络出版日期: 2026-07-30

Experimental study on impact of kerosene injection position on performance of rotating detonation combustors

1.
School of Future Technology，Xi’an Jiaotong University，Xi’an 710049，China
2.
National Key Lab of Aerospace Power System and Plasma Technology，Xi’an Jiaotong University，Xi’an 710049，China
3.
Air Force Engineering University，Xi’an 710038，China

摘要

摘要:
研究了隔离段、扩张段以及多点混合喷注对燃油/空气旋转爆震燃烧室的传播特性与性能影响。针对冲压旋转爆震燃烧室典型工作状态，实验研究了爆震燃烧室燃烧效率与总压增益的变化情况。研究发现，随着当量比的增加，不同喷注结构会对爆震波传播特性有所影响，实验中观察到连续稳定爆震，不稳定爆震以及爆燃等多种燃烧模态；不同喷注结构对燃烧效率与总压增益特性也有一定影响，综合条件下在隔离段与扩张段多点混合喷注的效果更优。燃烧效率随当量比增加出现先上升后波动变化的趋势，实验中观测到当量比为0.653时，燃烧效率达到最高值89.5%。爆震燃烧室总压增益特性随当量比上升逐渐上升，最高有效总压增益出现在当量比0.644时，有效总压增益最高值为−0.171。综合考虑下，扩张段喷注在整体性能上更具优势，但需结合隔离段辅助喷注以改善燃烧组织，以进一步优化喷注布局。
- 旋转爆震燃烧室 /
- 燃油 /
- 性能分析 /
- 燃烧效率 /
- 总压增益
Abstract:
The effects of isolator injection, divergent section injection, and multi-point mixing injection on the propagation and performance characteristics of kerosene/air rotating detonation combustors (RDCs) were investigated. Focusing on typical operating conditions of ramjet RDCs, changes in combustion efficiency and total pressure gain were studied. It was found that with increasing equivalence ratio, different injector configurations influenced the propagation characteristics of detonation waves. Steady detonation, unsteady detonation and deflagration were observed in the experiment. Different injector configurations also had certain impact on the combustion efficiency and total pressure gain. Overall, under varying equivalence ratios, multi-point mixing injection in the isolator and divergent section exhibited superior combustion efficiency. Combustion efficiency showed an initial increase followed by fluctuation with increasing equivalence ratio. In the experiments, the maximum combustion efficiency of 89.5% was observed at an equivalence ratio of 0.653. The total pressure gain of the RDC gradually increased with the increasing the equivalence ratio. The highest effective total pressure gain occurred at an equivalence ratio of 0.644, with a peak effective total pressure gain of −0.171. The injection in the divergent section demonstrated superior overall performance. However, it needs to be combined with auxiliary injection in the isolator to improve the organization of the combustion process, thereby further optimizing the injection configuration.
- rotating detonation combustor /
- kerosene /
- performance analysis /
- combustion efficiency /
- total pressure gain

HTML

图 1 RDE示意图与传感器布置

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of RDE and sensor arrangement

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图 2 实验时序

Figure 2. Time sequence of the experiments

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图 3 不同喷注位置下燃烧模态分布

Figure 3. Operating mode in varied injection location

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图 4 连续爆震时间变化曲线

Figure 4. Detail time traces of steady detonation

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图 5 间断爆震时间变化曲线

Figure 5. Detail time traces of unsteady detonation

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图 6 爆燃模态时间变化曲线

Figure 6. Detail time traces of deflagration

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图 7 连续爆震的压力信号FFT结果

Figure 7. FFT of pressure signal in steady detonation

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图 8 连续爆震的压力信号STFT结果

Figure 8. STFT of pressure signal in steady detonation

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图 9 连续爆震的压力信号自相关分析结果

Figure 9. Auto-correlation of pressure signal in steady detonation

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图 10 不同喷注位置下RDC的燃烧效率

Figure 10. Combustion efficiency of RDC at different injection positions

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图 11 不同喷注位置下RDC的总压增益

Figure 11. Total pressure gain of RDC at different injection positions

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表 1 RDC关键几何参数

Table 1. Key geometry parameters of RDC

部件	结构参数	数值
隔离段（入口～3.1截面）	进口面积/mm²	6279.21
	出口面积/mm²	7621.91
	长度L_i/mm²	278
扩张段（3.1截面～3.2截面）	半扩张角/（°）	41.12
燃烧室（3.2截面～4截面）	内径D_i/mm	140
	外径D_o/mm	220
	长度L_c/mm	272
收缩喷管（4截面～8截面）	出口面积比（A₈/A₄）	0.55

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表 2 喷注结构关键参数

Table 2. Key parameters of injection configuration

实验结构	喷注位置	喷注孔数	喷注孔尺寸/mm
A	隔离段	48	0.2
B	扩张段	48	0.2
C	隔离段-扩张段	48-48	0.2

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A1 实验工况参数

A1. Experimental operating parameters

实验序号	喷注位置	空气流量$ {\dot{m}}_{\text{a}} $/（kg/s）	燃油流量$ {\dot{m}}_{\text{f}} $/（g/s）	进气总温T_ta/K	当量比φ	喷注动量比q_m
1	隔离段	2.18	36.0	593.78	0.243	4.54
2	隔离段	2.19	47.2	600.67	0.317	7.66
3	隔离段	2.17	55.5	603.25	0.376	10.62
4	隔离段	2.22	69.5	604.45	0.46	16.23
5	隔离段	2.23	84.3	608.84	0.556	23.70
6	隔离段	2.17	98.0	606.43	0.664	33.6
7	隔离段	2.19	110.1	601.85	0.739	41.47
8	隔离段	2.18	116.0	601.42	0.782	46.32
9	扩张段	2.15	27.4	600.67	0.187	21.56
10	扩张段	2.14	41.5	604.55	0.285	49.76
11	扩张段	2.13	48.5	606.55	0.335	68.81
12	扩张段	2.18	62.1	602.92	0.419	108.84
13	扩张段	2.2	75.7	604.5	0.506	158.90
14	扩张段	2.22	93.3	602.95	0.618	236.85
15	扩张段	2.2	97.7	604.66	0.653	263.69
16	多点喷注	2.21	16.7	613.02	0.222	8.46
17	多点喷注	2.2	21.9	605.93	0.293	14.85
18	多点喷注	2.21	25.8	601.04	0.343	20.57
19	多点喷注	2.22	26.8	602.97	0.355	21.97
20	多点喷注	2.19	29.5	607.58	0.396	27.28
21	多点喷注	2.18	34.6	605.03	0.467	38.05
22	多点喷注	2.14	35.1	618.96	0.482	39.46
23	多点喷注	2.18	47.8	608.04	0.645	72.09
24	多点喷注	2.2	54.3	608.46	0.725	89.72
25	多点喷注	2.18	56.1	602.45	0.757	98.64
26	多点喷注	2.16	59.4	601.22	0.809	113.12
27	多点喷注	2.2	65.3	607.94	0.873	130.57

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