Abstract: A new dynamic analysis method for high-speed roller bearings is put forward by coupling dynamic theory of high-speed roller bearing with Partial Elasto-Hydrodynamic Lubrication (PEHL) theory.With taking the surface roughness effects of bearing components into consideration,the dynamic characteristics of high-speed roller bearings are analysed in detail.The results indicate that the surface roughness and surface roughness texture of bearing component exert a considerable influence on the dynamic cha racteristics of the high-speed roller bearings.The improvement of the surface manufacturing quality of the bearing components can suppress the dynamic instability of bearing components in operation.Our experimental work verifies not only our analysis,but also the conclusion made by Averbach that high-speed roller bearings operate in mixture lubrication state.