Abstract: It was proved that vibration was affected by machining quality of the rolling bearing elements.Unfortunately, current research did not show the degree of influence caused by each kind of quality index.Because that different machining quality index has different contributions to the rolling bearing’s vibration,so enhance machining quality without clear understanding what index is key to the problem could have no advantage in controlling vibration.Degree of influence caused by machining quality on the rolling bearing’s vibration was compared and evaluated by experiments.Two kinds of aeronautical bearing were selected for testing in this investigation.Considering the un-suitability of statistics theory,grey system theory was introduced.The results show that parameters of structural dimension error exert greater effect on the rolling bearing’s vibration than that of macroscopic parameters of form error and microscopic parameters of shape.Consequently,macroscopic parameters of form errors and microscopic parameters of shape are minor factors for high quality machining bearings selected,while parameters of structural dimension errors and its tolerance are thought to be the main factors.