静压气体轴承气膜力及其与转子耦合动力学特性研究

赵广; 刘盼年; 于贺春; 马文琦; 崔颖; 刘占生

静压气体轴承气膜力及其与转子耦合动力学特性研究

1.
大连理工大学能源与动力学院, 辽宁大连 116024
2.
中原工学院机电学院, 郑州 450007
3.
大连海事大学交通与物流工程学院, 辽宁大连 116026
4.
哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院, 哈尔滨 150001

基金项目: 教育部2011年博士点基金(20110041120034); 国家自然科学基金(11102050,51075048); 辽宁省博士启动基金(20110129); 中央高校基本科研业务费DUT09RC(3)(272)

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2011-03-29
- 修回日期: 2011-08-15
- 刊出日期: 2012-02-28

Research on gas film force of aerostatic gas bearing and its coupled dynamics with rotor

1.
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian Liaoning 116024, China
2.
School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
3.
Transportation and Logistics Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian Liaoning 116026, China
4.
School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

摘要

摘要: 针对静压气体轴承,进行三维实体建模,采用供气孔区域非结构化网格和非供气孔区域结构化网格相结合的网格划分方法;采用基于有限体积法的计算流体动力学(CFD)商业软件对三维稳态可压缩气体Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程进行求解;根据计算结果,通过数据拟合获得了考虑转子偏心和转速的静压气体轴承气膜支承力模型.基于有限元法建立了气体轴承-转子系统动力学模型,采用Newmark逐步积分法求解了系统的临界转速和不平衡响应.在此基础上进行实验测试,验证了数值仿真结果.研究结果表明:低速、小偏心下,气膜主支承力随偏心呈近似线性变化;高速、大偏心下,气膜主支承力急剧增大,气体轴承的动压效应显著增强;气膜x,y向耦合支承力随转速和偏心呈非线性变化;转子系统一、二阶临界转速对当前结构刚度变化比较敏感,而三阶临界转速对此不敏感.因此,气体轴承气膜支承力的非线性特性及其与转子耦合动力学特性较为复杂,在对气体轴承进行结构设计时,应充分考虑其与转子的耦合,合理设计工作转速范围.
- 气体轴承 /
- 转子 /
- 气膜力 /
- 气膜刚度 /
- 动力学特性
Abstract: For aerostatic bearings with tangential gas supply,a three dimensional solid model was developed.Combining structured mesh with unstructured mesh,three-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations were solved with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) commercial software based on finite volume method.According to the simulation results,gas film supporting force model related to rotor eccentricity and speed was derived with data fitting.Dynamics model of aerostatic bearing-rotor system was built with finite element method and critical speed and unbalance response were solved using Newmark integration method.Experimental tests were performed to verify the numerical simulation results.Research results show that film main supporting force changes linearly in the state of low-speed,small eccentricity,whereas increases rapidly under high-speed and large eccentricity,and effect of dynamic pressure of aerostatic bearing significantly enhances.Coupling supporting force between x and y directions changes nonlinearly with speed and eccentricity;First and second critical speed are sensitive to the current structural stiffness while the third one is not.Therefore,nonlinear characteristics of gas bearing and coupled dynamics of rotor-bearing system are complex;in the case of bearing structure design,coupling between gas bearing and rotor,work speed range should be taken in to full account.
- gas bearing /
- rotor /
- gas film force /
- gas film stiffness /
- dynamics

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