超声速飞行器鼻锥空间气动热特性数值研究

林佳; 王建华

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.2014.10.009

超声速飞行器鼻锥空间气动热特性数值研究

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.2014.10.009

林佳,
王建华

中国科学技术大学工程科学学院热科学和能源工程系, 合肥 230027

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金（91016016）

详细信息

作者简介:
林佳（1988- ），男，四川德阳人，硕士生，从事空天飞行器主动热防护技术研究.

中图分类号: V231
计量
- 文章访问数: 1310
- HTML浏览量: 8
- PDF量: 918
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2013-07-04
- 刊出日期: 2014-10-28

Numerical investigation on space aero-thermodynamic characteristics of nose cone of supersonic flight

Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China

摘要

摘要: 采用STAR-CCM+软件，用经过验证的湍流模型和方法，模拟空间（0~46km）环境中鼻锥模型在超声速飞行状态下的气动热特性，讨论了地面高焓风洞与空间飞行环境的区别.主要区别表现在如下3个方面：①要达到一定的滞止点温度，地面高焓风洞热环境依赖于超声速气动热与电弧加热的耦合作用；②在相同滞止温度的工况下，地面高焓风洞实验使得整个鼻锥实验件壁面都暴露在高温气流下，而空间飞行气动热主要集中在滞止点附近；③在相同滞止温度的工况下，空间飞行器的滞止区压力远远低于地面风洞实验压力.数值模拟揭示：相同来流马赫数下，随海拔高度增加，真实空间飞行条件下鼻锥滞止压力持续降低，而滞止温度则先下降然后升高；在同一空间高度下，随着来流马赫数增大，滞止温度和压力均呈抛物性增长，同时激波位置逐渐靠近前缘壁面，滞止区激波层变薄，但当来流马赫数高于4之后这种趋势将不再明显.
- 气动热 /
- 鼻锥 /
- 超声速 /
- 滞止点 /
- 标准大气
Abstract: A numerical investigation of the space (0-46km) aero-thermodynamic characteristics of a nose cone model under a state of supersonic flight was performed using commercial software STAR-CCM+ with validated turbulence model and numerical strategy. Then the environment distinctions of the ground high enthalpy wind tunnel and space flight were discussed as follow: (1) To achieve a certain stagnation temperature, the ground high enthalpy wind tunnel environment relies on a coupling effect of supersonic aero-thermodynamics and arc-heating. (2) At the same stagnation temperature condition, a high-temperature flow covers the whole nose cone specimen in the ground high enthalpy wind tunnel case, while in the space flight aero-thermodynamic, a high-temperature area appears just near the stagnation region. (3) At the same stagnation temperature, the stagnation pressure of the space flight is far lower than that in the ground high enthalpy wind tunnel experiment. Numerical simulation results indicate that at the same free-stream Mach number, the stagnation temperature goes down at first and then goes up with the increase of flight altitude, while the stagnation pressure drops all the time; at the same altitude, the stagnation temperature and pressure have an exponential increase with the increasing free-stream Mach number, meanwhile the shock wave moves gradually to the solid wall, and the stagnation region becomes thinner with the increasing free-stream Mach number, but this trend will be not significant when the Mach number is larger than 4.
- aero-thermodynamics /
- nose cone /
- supersonic /
- stagnation point /
- standard atmosphere

HTML

参考文献(18)

[1]	王侠超,黄寿康,马国强.流体动力弹道载荷环境[M].北京:宇航出版社,1991.
[2]	Rivers H K,Glass D E.Advances in hot structures development[R].Noordwijk,Netherlands:5th European Workshop on Thermal Protection Systems and Hot Structures,2006.
[3]	牛文,李文杰.尖缘“刺破”地球大气层:德国SHEFEX 2试飞成功[J].飞航导弹,2012(9):13-18. NIU Wen,LI Wenjie.Sharp edge to pierce the earth's atmosphere: successful trial flight of German SHEFEX 2[J].Aerodynamic Missile Journal,2012(9):13-18.(in Chinese)
[4]	Van Foreest A,Sippel M,Klevanski J,et al.Technical background and challenges of the space liner concept[R].Barcelona,Spain:7th International Symposium on Launcher Technologies,2007.
[5]	Reimer T,Kuhn M,Gülhan A,et al.Transpiration cooling tests of porous CMC in hypersonic flow[R].AIAA 2011-2251,2011.
[6]	Van Foreest A,Sippel M,Guelhan A,et al.Transpiration cooling using liquid water[J].Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer,2009,23(4):693-702.
[7]	Langener T,von Wolfersdorf J,Selzer M.Experimental investigations of transpiration cooling applied to C/C material[J].International Journal of Thermal Sciences,2012,54(6):70-81.
[8]	Gulhan A,Braun S.An experimental study on the efficiency of transpiration cooling in laminar and turbulent hypersonic flows[J].Experiments in Fluids,2011,50(2):509-525.
[9]	Langener T,von Wolfersdorf J.Transpiration cooling with supersonic flows and foreign gas injection[R].AIAA 2010-6794,2010.
[10]	侯玉柱,郑京良,董威.高超声速飞行器瞬态热试验[J].航空动力学报,2010,25(2):343-347. HOU Yuzhu,ZHENG Jingliang,DONG Wei.Transient test of aerodynamic heating for hypersonic vehicle[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2010,25(2):343-347.(in Chinese)
[11]	潘文全.工程流体力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1988.
[12]	Committee on Extension of the Standard Atmosphere.NOAA Document S/T 76-1562 U.S. standard atmosphere[S].Washington DC:U.S. Government Printing Office,1976.
[13]	范绪箕.气动加热与热防护系统[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[14]	卞荫贵,徐立功.气动热力学[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2011.
[15]	Gad-el-Hak M.The fluid mechanics of microdevices:the freeman scholar lecture[J].Journal of Fluids Engineering,1999,121(1):5-33.
[16]	陶国庆.大气物理学[M].北京:气象出版社,1987.
[17]	雷延花,徐敏,陈士橹.高超音速飞行器气动加热计算[J].上海航天,2001,18(5):10-13. LEI Yanhua,XU Min,CHEN Shilu.Aerodynamic heating calculation of hypersonic flight vehicle[J].Aerospace Shanghai,2001,18(5):10-13.(in Chinese)
[18]	蒋友娣,董葳,陈勇.高超声速钝头体变熵流表面热流计算[J].航空动力学报,2008,23(9):1591-1594. JIANG Youdi,DONG Wei,CHEN Yong.Surface heat flux calculation of variable entropy flow for hypersonic blunt bodies[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2008,23(9):1591-1594.(in Chinese)