预旋对阻旋栅密封泄漏特性与动力特性影响机理

王小伟; 孙丹; 赵欢; 孟继纲; 张国臣; 周敏

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210018

预旋对阻旋栅密封泄漏特性与动力特性影响机理

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210018

王小伟^1,2,
孙丹^1,2, ,,
赵欢^1,2,
孟继纲³,
张国臣^1,2,
周敏^1,2

1.
沈阳航空航天大学航空发动机学院
2.
辽宁省航空推进系统先进测试技术重点实验室，沈阳 110136
3.
沈阳鼓风机集团股份有限公司辽宁重大装备制造协同创新中心，沈阳 110142

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52075346，51675351）；辽宁省自然科学基金（2019-ZD-0236）；辽宁省教育厅基础研究项目（JYT2020047）

详细信息

作者简介:
王小伟（1997-），男，硕士生，主要研究涡轮机械动密封动力特性。

通讯作者:
孙丹（1981-），男，教授，博士，主要从事涡轮机械先进密封技术研究。E-mail：phd_sundan@163.com

中图分类号: V233.5
计量
- 文章访问数: 144
- HTML浏览量: 32
- PDF量: 57
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-01-13
- 刊出日期: 2022-02-28

Mechanism of influence of pre-swirl on leakage and rotordynamic characteristics of swirl brake seal

WANG Xiaowei^1,2,
SUN Dan^{1,2
, ,},
ZHAO Huan^1,2,
MENG Jigang³,
ZHANG Guochen^1,2,
ZHOU Min^1,2

1.
Key Laboratory of Advanced Measurement and Test Technology for
2.
Aviation Propulsion System，Liaoning Province，School of Aero-engine，Shenyang Aerospace University，Shenyang 110136，China
3.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Machine Manufacturing in Liaoning，Shenyang Blower Works Group Company Limited，Shenyang 110142，China

摘要

摘要: 应用非定常动网格技术，建立了阻旋栅密封多频椭圆涡动泄漏特性与动力特性求解模型，研究了周向含20、40个阻旋栅和40个加长型阻旋栅密封在不同预旋比下的泄漏特性与动力特性，并在实验验证数值模型准确性基础上，分析了预旋对密封进口流场，密封腔室旋流强度，周向压差及气流激振力影响，揭示了预旋对阻旋栅密封泄漏特性与动力特性影响机理。研究结果表明：阻旋栅密封突出特点在于抑制气流激振，对泄漏量影响不大，当预旋比λ₀为0.75，40个加长型阻旋栅密封泄漏量相比无阻旋栅密封降低了0.17%，这主要是预旋增大使周向气流流速增加，加剧了阻旋栅之间的涡流能量耗散现象；而阻旋栅数量增加有利于气流在阻旋栅之间的涡流能量耗散。阻旋栅密封交叉刚度随预旋比增大而增大，随阻旋栅数量或长度增加而降低；直接阻尼和有效阻尼随预旋比增大而减小，随阻旋栅数量或长度增加而增大。预旋比增大使密封腔室周向压差升高，气流激振力切向分力与径向分力增大，转子稳定性降低。
- 预旋比 /
- 阻旋栅密封 /
- 泄漏特性 /
- 动力特性 /
- 转子稳定性
Abstract: The unsteady dynamic mesh method was used to establish a multi-frequency elliptical whirl solving model to obtain the leakage and dynamic characteristics.The leakage and dynamic characteristics of the seal with 20，40 swirl brakes and 40 long swirl brakes in the circumferential direction under different pre-swirl ratios were studied; based on the experimental verification of the accuracy of the numerical model，the changes of the flow field at the seal inlet，the swirl intensity in the seal cavity，the circumferential pressure difference and the flow excitation force were calculated and analyzed，and the influence mechanism of pre-swirl on the leakage and dynamic characteristics of the swirl brake seal was revealed. The results showed that the prominent feature of the swirl brake seal lies in that it can restrain the flow excitation and has little influence on the leakage. 40 long swirl brakes can reduce the leakage by 0.17% compared with the non-swirl brake seal when pre-swirl ratio was 0.75，primarily owing to the fact that the increase of pre-swirl augmented the circumferential flow component，which further aggravated the whirl dissipation phenomenon between the swirl brakes. The increase in the number of swirl brakes was beneficial to the dissipation of flow by swirling flow between the swirl brakes，thus reducing the leakage. Cross stiffness increased with the increase of pre-swirl ratio，and cross stiffness decreased while direct stiffness and effective stiffness increased with the increase of the number and length of swirl brakes under the same pre-swirl ratio. Direct damping and effective damping decreased with the increase of pre-swirl ratio，and increased with the increase of the number and length of swirl brakes. With the increase of pre-swirl ratio，the circumferential pressure difference of the seal cavity increased，the tangential component of the excitation force increased，and the radial component enlarged，which reduced the stability of the rotor.
- pre-swirl ratio /
- swirl brake seal /
- leakage characteristics /
- rotordynamic characteristics /
- stability of rotor

HTML

参考文献(22)

[1]	曹树谦,陈予恕.现代密封转子动力学研究综述[J].工程力学,2009,26（2）:68-79.
[2]	张万福,杨建刚,曹浩,等.偏心密封内切向气流力及其对稳定性影响的理论与试验研究[J].机械工程学报,2011,47（17）:92-98.
[3]	CHILDS D W,VANCE J M.Annular seals as tools to control rotor dynamic response of future gas turbine engines[R].AIAA 94-2804,1994.
[4]	BENCKERT H,WACHTER J.Flow induced spring coefficients of labyrinth seals for application in rotor-dynamics[C]∥Proceedings of a Workshop on Rotor-dynamic Instability Problems in High-performance Turbo-machinery.College Station,USA:Texas A&M University,1980:189-212.
[5]	MUSZYNSKA A,BENTLY D E.Anti-swirl arrangements prevent rotor/seal instability[J].Journal of Vibration and Acoustics,1989,111（2）:156-162.
[6]	沈庆根,李烈荣,潘永密.迷宫密封中的气流激振及其反旋流措施[J].流体机械,1994,22（7）:7-11.
[7]	何立东.转子密封系统反旋流抑振的数值模拟[J].航空动力学报,1999,14（3）:293-333.
[8]	孙丹,王双,艾延廷,等.反旋流对密封静力与动力特性影响的理论与试验研究[J].机械工程学报,2016,52（3）:102-109.
[9]	张衍,傅鑫,曹永华.基于逆向射流抑制封严篦齿泄漏流动的数值及实验研究[J].航空动力学报,2019,34（1）:74-83.
[10]	NIELSEN K K,CHILDS D W,MYLLERUP C M.Experimental and theoretical comparison of two swirl brake design[R].ASME Paper 2000-GT-399,2000.
[11]	CHILDS D W,MCLEAN J E,ZHANG M,et al.Rotordynamic performance of a negative-swirl brake for a tooth-on-stator labyrinth seal[R].ASME Paper GT2014-25577,2014.
[12]	冀大伟,李军,宁宵.防旋板对迷宫密封转子动力特性影响的研究[J].热力透平,2017,46（3）:164-169.
[13]	JASON W,NATALIE S.Experimentally measured effectiveness of different shroud swirl brake profiles in a centrifugal compressor[R].ASME Paper GT-2019-91676,2019.
[14]	KWANKA K.Improving the stability of labyrinth gas seals[J].Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,2001,123（2）:383-386.
[15]	孙丹,王双,艾延廷,等.阻旋栅对密封静力与动力特性影响的数值分析与实验研究[J].航空学报,2015,36（9）:3003-3011.
[16]	吴可欣,张万福,曹浩,等.阻旋栅对梳齿密封动静特性影响研究[J].摩擦学学报,2020,40（5）:648-655.
[17]	晏鑫,李军,丰镇平.预旋对蜂窝密封和迷宫密封内流动传热特性影响[J].航空动力学报,2009,24（4）:773-776.
[18]	陈尧兴,李志刚,李军.进口预旋对高压迷宫密封炉体激振转子动力特性的影响[J].润滑与密封，2017,42（11）:1-7.
[19]	李志刚,李军,丰镇平.进口防旋板对孔型密封非定常气流激振特性的影响[J].西安交通大学学报,2015,50（1）:17-21.
[20]	CHEN Y X,LI Z,LI J,et al.Effects of swirl brake axial arrangement on the leakage performance and rotor stability of labyrinth seals[J].Chinese Journal of Aeronautics,2021,34（1）:22-31.
[21]	李志刚,李军,丰镇平.高转速袋型阻尼密封泄漏的特性[J].航空动力学报,2012,27（12）:2829-2835.
[22]	ERTAS B H,DELGADO A,VANNINI G.Ro-tordynamic force coefficients for three types of annular gas seals with inlet pre-swirl and high differential pressure ratio[J].Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,2012,134（4）:42501-42503.