Method of dynamic stress measurement calibration tests for compressor blades
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摘要: 提出了一种提高压气机叶片动应力测量准确度的方法，即在发动机叶片装配前，对已完成应变计粘贴的测试叶片开展动应力测量标定试验，获取试验应变计输出值与叶片各阶振动最大模态应变区域的敏感度，试验结果可用于指导发动机试车时叶片动应力限制值的设置，从而更准确地监控叶片的振动安全状态。对比分析了直接应力法和af强度法（振幅a和振动频率f的乘积）两种试验方法的优缺点。基于直接应力法，针对某压气机叶片开展了动应力测量标定试验，结果显示：1#叶片试验应变计对第1阶、第3阶模态的敏感度实测值较理论值分别大17.4%和24%，而1#叶片试验应变计和2#叶片试验应变计对第1阶模态的敏感度差异达到14.8%。试验结果证明开展动应力测量标定试验，可综合提高叶片动应力测试数据利用的有效性。Abstract: A method to improve the dynamic stress measurement accuracy for compressor blades was introduced.Dynamic stress calibration tests of the instrumented blades were carried out before assembly of the rotor.Strain gauge sensitivity ratios of the measured strain to the maximum modal strain for each vibration mode of the instrumented blades were acquired.The ratios were helpful in defining strain monitoring limits for the blades during engine tests，which made blade vibration safety monitoring more accurate.Advantages and drawbacks of two calibration methods，direct stress and af strength method （the product of vibration amplitude a multiplies vibration frequency f），were comparatively analyzed.Based on the direct stress method，stress calibration tests for two compressor blades were carried out.Results showed that the measured gauge sensitivity ratios of the 1# blade for the 1st mode and the 3rd mode were larger than the theoretical ratios with values of 17.4% and 24% respectively.And the gauge sensitivity ratio differences of the two blades （1# blade and 2# blade） for the 1st vibration mode reached 14.8%.It proved that calibration tests could improve measured data validation for blade dynamic stress comprehensively.
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