转子弹性支承螺栓松动致干摩擦故障分析

黄行蓉; 杨东来; 肖凯文; 姚毅

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210299

转子弹性支承螺栓松动致干摩擦故障分析

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210299

北京航空航天大学中法工程师学院，北京 100191

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52105083，52175071）；两机基础科学研究中心国际合作项目（P2022-C-Ⅲ-001-001）；先进航空动力创新工作站（HKCX2020-02-016）

详细信息

作者简介:
黄行蓉（1989-），女，副教授，博士，研究方向为非线性动力学、流固耦合动力学及振动控制

通讯作者:
姚毅（1999-），男，硕士生，研究方向为转子动力学、模态综合法及非线性动力学。E-mail：yy17241048@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231.92
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-13
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-29

Analysis of dry friction fault caused by rotor elastic support bolt looseness

Sino-French Engineering School，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China

摘要

摘要:
根据工程实际中某核心机转子振动异常现象和试验件结构检测结果，建立了前支点鼠笼弹支松动的故障转子简化力学模型。基于转子动力学理论和试验信号中谐波特征，建立了前支点鼠笼支承结构由于螺栓连接松动致干摩擦简化模型，重点分析了干摩擦非线性对转子系统的轴心轨迹、弹支位移和支点反力等动力学响应特征的影响，从简入繁分析了如下3种转子的动力学特性：无故障的线性转子系统；考虑螺栓松动致非线性力、不考虑陀螺效应的非线性系统；考虑螺栓松动致非线性力和陀螺效应的非线性转子系统。研究发现：在转子系统中考虑干摩擦非线性力后，系统响应特征中会出现丰富的谐波成分；螺栓松动故障转子系统简化力学建模时，是否考虑陀螺效应对谐波特征也有较为明显的影响。该研究能为该类故障转子系统的监测和诊断提供参考。
- 转子系统 /
- 弹性支承 /
- 螺栓松动 /
- 干摩擦 /
- 非线性动力学
Abstract:
Abnormal vibration of a core engine rotor system was observed in the experimental results under different working conditions. A simplified rotor model with looseness in its front squirrel cage supporting was established based on the experimental results. Based on the rotor dynamic theory and the experimental signal characteristics, the bolt looseness of the front squirrel cage supporting was modeled by a generalized Dahl friction model following Masing rules. The orbit of shaft center, displacement of front supporting and supporting anti-force were carefully analyzed for the following three types: linear rotor system without fault; nonlinear rotor system with bolt looseness but without gyroscopic effect; nonlinear rotor system with bold looseness and gyroscopic effect. The simulation results showed that, in a rotor system with dry friction, the response of the system had rich harmonic components; the gyroscopic effect showed important influence on the harmonic components in the dynamic responses. The research results provide a reference for the monitoring and diagnosis of this type of faulty rotor system.
- rotor system /
- elastic supporting /
- bolt loosening failure /
- dry friction /
- nonlinear dynamics

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图 1 某核心机转子系统示意图

Figure 1. Diagram of the rotor of core engine

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图 2 摩擦力与位移和速度的关系曲线

Figure 2. Curve of friction vs. displacement and velocity

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图 3 转子系统坎贝尔图

Figure 3. Campbell diagram of rotor system

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图 4 考虑陀螺效应但不考虑干摩擦非线性力时质心和前支点沿z方向的强迫响应

Figure 4. Forced response in z direction of centroid and front fulcrum with gyroscopic effect without dry friction nonlinear force

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图 5 考虑陀螺效应的转子系统质心轨迹

Figure 5. Trajectory of centroid of rotor system with gyroscopic effect

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图 6 质心沿z方向稳态响应频谱特征曲线

Figure 6. Steady-state spectrum curve of centroid in z direction

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图 7 不考虑陀螺效应但考虑干摩擦非线性力时质心和前支点沿z方向的强迫响应

Figure 7. Forced response in z direction of centroid and front fulcrum with dry friction force without gyroscopic effect

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图 8 质心沿z方向稳态频谱特征曲线

Figure 8. Steady-state spectrum curve of centroid in z direction

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图 9 质心z方向稳态响应傅里叶幅值最高3阶频率响应对比

Figure 9. Comparison of Fourier coefficient of steady-state forced response of centroid with three highest order harmonic in z direction

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图 10 前支点z方向稳态频谱特征曲线

Figure 10. Steady-state spectrum curve of front fulcrum in z direction

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图 11 支点反力时域曲线

Figure 11. Time domain curve of force on front fulcrum

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图 12 稳态支点反力频谱特征曲线

Figure 12. Steady-state spectrum curve of force on front fulcrum

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图 13 质心和前支点支承沿z方向的强迫响应

Figure 13. Forced response of centroid and front fulcrum in z direction

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图 14 质心稳态频谱特征曲线

Figure 14. Steady-state spectrum curve of centroid

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图 15 质心稳态响应傅里叶幅值最高3阶频率响应对比

Figure 15. Comparison of Fourier coefficient of steady-state forced Response of centroid with three highest order harmonic

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图 16 前支点频谱特征曲线

Figure 16. Steady-state spectrum curve of front fulcrum

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图 17 质心轨迹时域曲线

Figure 17. Trajectory of centroid in time domain

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图 18 前支点反力的时域曲线

Figure 18. Time domain curve of reaction force on front fulcrum

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图 19 稳态支反力频谱特征曲线

Figure 19. Steady-state spectrum curve of force on front fulcrum

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表 1 核心机转子的主要参数表

Table 1. Main parameters of the rotor of core engine

参数	数值
前后支点跨距/mm	1398
转子总质量/kg	336
质心位置/mm	距前支点857
直径转动惯量/10⁸ （kg·mm²）	7.07
极转动惯量/10⁶ （kg·mm²）	8.256
前支点支承刚度/10⁷ （N/m）	2.25
后支点支承刚度/10⁷ （N/m）	5
前支点阻尼/（N·s/mm）	60
后支点阻尼/（N·s/mm）	10

下载: 导出CSV

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