Effects of rotor eccentricity on the surge boundary of a centrifugal compressor
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摘要:
采用试验方法研究了转轴偏心对某离心压气机喘振特性的影响，分析了轻度喘振和深度喘振的脉动特征，对比了不同转速、不同转轴偏心方向下离心压气机喘振边界的变化。试验结果表明：由于蜗壳非对称性的影响，离心压气机轻度喘振脉动幅值在周向上存在较大差异，且差异的幅值和相位均随转速的变化而变化；但蜗壳非对称性对深度喘振脉动幅值周向差异性的影响很小。与无偏心情况相比，转轴偏心最大使轻度喘振稳定工作范围相对增加4.24%。不同转轴偏心相位下，轻度喘振边界相对差异可达6.12%。当转轴偏心引起的最小叶尖间隙位于轻度喘振幅值较大的周向位置时，能有效抑制轻度喘振的周向差异性，拓宽轻度喘振边界，反之，轻度喘振稳定工作范围将会减小。蜗壳和转轴偏心的非对称耦合作用对深度喘振边界的影响很小，与无偏心情况相比，不同转轴偏心相位下深度喘振边界的变化均在1%以内。
Abstract:The effects of rotor eccentricity on the centrifugal compressor surge were experimentally studied. Pulsation characteristics of the mild and deep surge were analyzed. And features of the surge boundaries were studied for different rotational speeds and rotor eccentricity cases. The results showed that due to the asymmetric volute, the pulsation amplitude of the mild surge had distinct circumferential difference, and both the magnitude and the phase of the difference varied with the rotational speed. However, the volute asymmetry had little effect on the circumferential difference of the pulsation amplitude of the deep surge. Compared with the non-eccentric case, the rotor eccentricity can increase the stable operating range of the mild surge by 4.24%. And the relative difference of the stable operating range for different eccentricity cases was up to 6.12%. When the minimum clearance caused by the rotor eccentricity was located at the circumferential position with large pulsation amplitude of mild surge, the mild surge can be suppressed and delayed, then the stable operating range was increased. Because there was almost no circumferential difference for the deep surge pulsation, the asymmetric coupling between the volute and the rotor eccentricity had little effect on the deep surge boundary. Compared with the non-eccentric case, the variation of the deep surge boundary was less than 1% under different rotor eccentricities.
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Key words:
- centrifugal compressor /
- rotor eccentricity /
- mild surge /
- deep surge /
- asymmetry
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图 3 试验台示意图
1 离心压气机；2 高速驱动电动机；3 变频驱动器；4 防护箱体；5 测温孔；6 测压孔；7 流量测试段。
Figure 3. Schematic of the experimental rig
图 6 100%转速轻度喘振（H11工况点）与深度喘振压力脉动
Figure 6. Pressure pulsation of the mild surge （H11 point） and the deep surge at 100% speed
图 7 100%、80%、60%转速轻度喘振压力脉动幅值
Figure 7. Pressure pulsation amplitudes of the mild surge at 100%, 80% and 60% rotational speed
图 8 100%、80%、60%转速深度喘振压力脉动幅值
Figure 8. Pressure pulsation amplitudes of the deep surge at 100%, 80% and 60% rotational speed
图 9 100%转速不同转轴偏心情况的总压比曲线
Figure 9. Total pressure ratio performance curves with different rotor eccentricity at 100% rotational speed
图 10 60%转速不同转轴偏心情况的总压比曲线
Figure 10. Total pressure ratio performance curves with different rotor eccentricity at 60% rotational speed
图 11 100%转速Ec、Ea以及E0情况轻度喘振与深度喘振压力脉动幅值分布
Figure 11. Pressure pulsation amplitudes of the mild and deep surge of Ec, Ea and E0 cases at 100% rotational speed
表 1 压气机主要设计参数
Table 1. Main design parameters of the compressor
参数名称 数值 主叶片数 8 分流叶片数 8 前缘轮毂直径/mm 36 前缘叶尖直径/mm 107.6 尾缘叶轮直径/mm 198 间隙尺寸/mm 0.7 扩压器形式 无叶 扩压器宽度/mm 15 扩压器出口直径/mm 316 转速/（r/min） 32000 总压比 1.85 质量流量/（kg/s） 1.1 
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表 2 100%转速下不同转轴偏心情况R参数
Table 2. R of different rotor eccentricity at 100% speed
偏心情况 R/% 轻度喘振 深度喘振 E0 60.57 65.34 Ea 59.40 65.51 Eb 60.83 65.75 Ec 63.16 65.27 Ed 62.52 65.56
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表 3 60%转速下不同转轴偏心情况R
Table 3. R of different rotor eccentricity at 60% speed
偏心情况 R/% 轻度喘振 深度喘振 E0 74.96 84.52 Ea 74.12 84.44 Eb 76.69 85.54 Ec 76.20 84.48 Ed 74.61 83.87
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