Design technology of a variable curvature blade type swirl distortion generator
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摘要:
为了研究进气旋流畸变对压气机性能和稳定性的影响,设计了一种能够产生典型对涡与整体涡可变弯度叶片式旋流畸变发生器。结合正交仿真试验设计方法,分别以对涡旋流强度为优化目标和以对涡旋流强度、整体涡旋流强度和整体涡总压恢复系数为综合优化目标对旋流畸变发生器的几何参数,包括叶片稠度、叶片数量以及轮毂比等进行气动优化设计,并采用CFD数值模拟仿真研究了旋流畸变发生器生成旋流特征。经过单指标优化分析,旋流畸变发生器生成对涡旋流强度最高可达24.60°,整体涡旋流强度最高可达38.73°。经过多指标综合优化,旋流畸变发生器生成对涡和整体涡的总压恢复系数分别提高了4.26%和3.57%。叶片式旋流畸变发生器设计具有结构简单、操作方便、试验周期短等优点,并具有较好的工程应用性。
Abstract:In order to study the effect of inlet swirl distortion on the performance and stability of a compressor,a variable curvature blade type swirl distortion generator capable of producing typical twin swirls and bulk swirls was designed.In combination with the design method of orthogonal simulation test,the geometric parameters of the swirl distortion generator,including blade solidity,number of blades and hub ratio,were optimized with twin swirl intensity as the optimization objective and twin swirl intensity,bulk swirl intensity and bulk swirl total pressure recovery coefficient as the comprehensive optimization objectives,and the CFD numerical simulation was used to study the characteristics of the swirl produced by the generator.Under the single object optimization,the maximum twin swirl intensity was 24.60°,and the maximum bulk swirl intensity was 38.73°.After multi⁃index optimization design,the total pressure recovery coefficient of the twin swirl and the bulk swirl was improved by 4.26%and 3.57%,respectively.The design of the variable curvature blade type distortion generator has the advantages of simple structure,convenient operation,short testing time,presenting a favorable engineering application prospect.
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Key words:
- swirl distortion /
- stability /
- orthogonal test design /
- bulk swirl /
- twin swirl
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表 1 各设计因素水平
Table 1. Orthogonal factors and levels
因素名称水平 稠度 叶片数 轮毂比 1 0.83 8 0.2 2 1.00 12 0.3 3 1.17 16 0.4 表 2 对涡旋流畸变发生器正交模拟试验结果
Table 2. Results of the orthogonal test of twin swirl distortion generator
编号 稠度 叶片数 轮毂比 旋流强度/(°)(评价指标) 1 0.83 8 0.4 15.254 2 0.83 12 0.3 12.932 3 0.83 16 0.2 13.251 4 1.17 8 0.3 18.067 5 1.17 12 0.2 19.329 6 1.17 16 0.4 24.596 7 1.00 8 0.2 16.053 8 1.00 12 0.4 23.129 9 1.00 16 0.3 19.636 表 3 对涡旋流强度方差分析
Table 3. Variance analysis of the twin swirl intensity
方差来源 离差平方和 自由度 平均离差平方和 F值 稠度 81.630 2 40.815 607.466 叶片数 11.811 2 5.906 87.896 轮毂比 40.248 2 20.124 299.515 残差 0.134 2 0.067 注: F0.05(2,2)=19、F0.01(2,2)=99。表 4 不同设计参数对对涡旋流强度的影响
Table 4. Effect of different design parameters on the twin swirl intensity
参数 稠度 叶片数 轮毂比 K1 41.437 49.375 62.980 K2 61.993 55.391 50.635 K3 58.818 57.483 48.633 R 17.381 8.108 14.347 表 5 对涡发生器总压恢复系数对比
Table 5. Comparison of total pressure recovery coefficient of twin swirl generator
编号 稠度 叶片数 轮毂比 总压恢复系数(评价指标) 1 0.83 8 0.4 0.909 2 0.83 12 0.3 0.944 3 0.83 16 0.2 0.959 4 1.17 8 0.3 0.893 5 1.17 12 0.2 0.876 6 1.17 16 0.4 0.884 7 1.00 8 0.2 0.946 8 1.00 12 0.4 0.905 9 1.00 16 0.3 0.936 表 6 对涡总压恢复系数方差分析
Table 6. Variance analysis of total pressure recovery coefficient of twin swirl
方差来源 离差平方和/10-4 自由度 平均离差平方和/10-4 F值 稠度 48.91 2 24.46 9.793 叶片数 4.95 2 2.475 0.991 轮毂比 13.82 2 6.910 2.768 残差 4.990 2 2.495 残差▲ 9.940 4 2.485 注: F0.05(2,4)=6.94、F0.01(2,4)=18。“残差▲”代表当量误差,后文同。表 7 整体涡发生器正交模拟试验结果
Table 7. Results of the orthogonal simulation test of bulk swirl generator
编号 稠度 叶片数 轮毂比 评价指标 旋流强度/(°) 总压恢复系数 1 0.83 8 0.4 27.484 0.948 2 0.83 12 0.3 27.116 0.961 3 0.83 16 0.2 26.906 0.972 4 1.17 8 0.3 37.415 0.951 5 1.17 12 0.2 38.227 0.966 6 1.17 16 0.4 38.727 0.932 7 1.00 8 0.2 33.044 0.971 8 1.00 12 0.4 33.785 0.933 9 1.00 16 0.3 33.357 0.956 表 8 整体涡强度方差分析
Table 8. Variance analysis of bulk swirl intensity
方差来源 离差平方和 自由度 平均离差平方和 F值 稠度 181.122 2 90.561 1 038.701 叶片数 0.280 2 0.140 1.606 轮毂比 0.871 2 0.435 4.995 残差 0.174 2 0.087 注: F0.05(2,2)=19、F0.01(2,2)=99。表 9 整体涡总压恢复系数方差分析
Table 9. Variance analysis of total pressure recovery coefficient of bulk swirl
方差来源 离差平方和/10-4 自由度 平均离差平方和/10-4 F值 稠度 1.753 2 0.876 5 5.447 叶片数 0.245 0 2 0.122 5 0.761 轮毂比 15.38 2 7.690 47.780 残差 0.322 0 2 0.161 残差▲ 2.320 4 1.160 注: F0.05(2,4)=6.94、F0.01(2,4)=18。表 10 旋流畸变发生器多目标优化设计结果
Table 10. Multi⁃objective optimization design results of the swirl distortion generator
编号 评价指标 综合得分 对涡旋流强度 对涡总压恢复系数 整体涡旋流强度 整体涡总压恢复系数 1 2.792 4.617 1.440 4.646 3.218 2 1.000 8.375 1.160 7.643 4.195 3 1.246 10.000 1.000 10.000 5.100 4 4.962 2.887 9.001 5.354 5.763 5 5.936 1.000 9.619 8.721 6.497 6 10.000 1.910 10.000 1.000 6.173 7 3.408 8.522 5.613 9.859 6.662 8 8.868 4.137 6.237 1.252 5.339 9 6.172 7.442 5.911 6.364 6.429 表 11 不同设计参数对旋流发生器总体性能的影响
Table 11. Effect of different design parameters on overall performance of the swirl generator
参数 稠度 叶片数 轮毂比 K1 12.513 15.643 14.730 K2 18.433 16.032 16.387 K3 18.431 17.701 18.259 R 5.920 1.670 3.529 -
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