TDLAT measurement method for outlet temperature profile of combustor based on wavelength modulation spectroscopy technology
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摘要:
为给未来高推质比航空发动机燃烧室出口温度分布测试作技术储备，以某单管燃烧室为研究对象，采用可调谐半导体激光吸收层析成像（TDLAT）技术，在0.5～0.8 MPa压力环境下，研究了基于波长调制（WMS）技术的燃烧室出口温度分布测试方法的工程适用性。结果表明：通过多光路正交测量的方式，利用扣除背景的归一化波长调制光谱模型、变量轮换迭代反演及计算层析（CT）技术，可以实现具有时空分辨性的燃烧室出口温度分布式测量；场分布重建结果能够较正确地反映出燃气温度和H2O气体积分数随进口参数变化的趋势与特征；受燃烧流场的不均匀性、光谱模型建立与光谱参数标定的不准确、反演与重建算法的不完善等因素的影响，TDLAS测温均值低于热电偶测量结果，相对误差在15%～23%之间，测量数据的准确度距工程应用需求还有一定的差距。
Abstract:In order to make technical reserves for measurement of combustor outlet temperature profile of high thrust-weight ratio aero-engine in future, the computed tomography technology of tunable diode laser absorption tomography （TDLAT） technology was applied, and the engineering adaptability of measurement method based on wavelength modulation spectroscopy （WMS） technology was studied in a single can combustor under the pressure of 0.5−0.8 MPa condition. The results showed that the measurement of combustor outlet temperature profile could be achieved with time and spatial resolution applying the grid method of orthogonal intersection of multiple light path, using the normalized WMS model whose background was subtracted, the iterative inversion method of variables and the computed tomography （CT） technology; the trends and characteristics of gas temperature and H2O concentration distribution vs. the changes of inlet parameters could be better shown from the reconstruction results; the mean value of TDLAS temperature measurement were lower than that of thermocouple measurement, and the relative error was between 15% and 23%, which was ascribed to the non-uniform flow field, the inaccuracy of spectral model and spectrum parameter calibration, and the imperfections of inversion and reconstruction algorithm, etc, there was still a certain gap between the accuracy of measurement data and the requirements of engineering application.
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图 1 温度与H2O测量系统标准具干涉信号
Figure 1. Interferometric signal of etalon for temperature and H2O measurement system
图 2 基于干涉条纹标定的激光器出光相对频率与时间关系拟合曲线
Figure 2. Fitting curve of relationship between relative frequency and time from the calibrated laser based on interference fringes
图 3 吸收光谱波长调制信号解调过程
Figure 3. Demodulation procedure for wavelength modulation signals of absorption spectroscopy
图 4 变量轮换法温度、体积分数反演流程
Figure 4. Process of iterative inversion method of variables for temperature and volume fraction
图 5 场分布重建离散网格划分与光路示意图
Figure 5. Discrete grid and light path diagram of field distribution reconstruction
图 7 场分布测量光路布局示意图（单位：mm）
Figure 7. Light path arrangement diagram of field distribution measurement （unit: mm）
图 10 固定压强下2f/1f 信号的峰值比与温度、H2O体积分数关系
Figure 10. Peak ratio of 2f/1f singnals under certain pressure condition varies with temperature and H2O volume fraction
图 11 各通道初始光强信号与解调S2 f /1f−0信号
Figure 11. Initial light intensity and demodulation S2f/1f−0 signals of each light path
图 12 各通道信号光强及反演结果（工况1）
Figure 12. Laser signal intensity and iterative inversion results of each light path （case 1）
图 13 各通道信号光强及反演结果（工况3）
Figure 13. Laser signal intensity and iterative inversion results of each light path （case 3）
图 14 各通道信号光强及反演结果（工况6）
Figure 14. Laser signal intensity and iterative inversion results of each light path （case 6）
图 15 燃烧室出截面温度与H2O体积分数分布重建结果
Figure 15. Reconstruction results of temperature and H2O volume fraction distribution of combustor outlet
表 1 试验状态参数
Table 1. Test state parameters
工况编号 T3/K p3/kPa qm,3/（kg/s） α 1 547.5 499.0 0.550 3.44 2 560.8 498.0 0.578 5.06 3 574.2 650.0 0.704 4.41 4 578.0 664.0 0.705 3.95 5 593.7 797.6 0.855 5.32 6 597.8 809.0 0.878 6.42 
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表 2 试验结果对比
Table 2. Comparison of test results
工况编号 Ttdlas/K Tprobe/K Δ/K σ/% 1 1130.0 1415.4 −285.4 20.2 2 991.3 1177.1 −185.8 15.8 3 1019.2 1270.0 −250.7 19.7 4 1057.2 1359.1 −301.9 22.2 5 929.7 1153.1 −223.4 19.4 6 878.0 1047.4 −169.3 16.2
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