Mechanism of stability improvement with slot casing treatment in counter-rotating compressor
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摘要:
为探索缝式机匣处理在对转压气机中的适用性，采用数值模拟的方法研究了缝式机匣处理对对转压气机气动性能和稳定裕度的影响。通过分析缝式机匣处理对压气机总体性能和叶尖流场的影响，以揭示缝式机匣处理在对转压气机中的扩稳机理。研究表明：缝式机匣处理可以提高对转压气机的失速裕度，机匣处理的轴向位置对对转压气机的气动性能和失速裕度有显著的影响。随着机匣处理的前移，对转压气机峰值效率的亏损逐渐减小，而失速裕度改善程度相差不大。机匣处理缝的抽吸和射流效应减弱了转子R2叶顶通道的堵塞程度，通过抑制叶尖泄漏流和二次泄漏流的发展以推迟失速的发生，进而实现扩稳。此外，缝式机匣处理时可能改变该对转压气机的最先失速级，同时也证明了缝式机匣处理在变工况下扩稳的有效性。
Abstract:In order to explore the applicability of slot casing treatment in counter-rotating compressors, the effects of slot casing treatment on the aerodynamic performance and stability margin of a counter-rotating compressor were investigated by numerical simulation. The effect of the slot casing treatment on overall performance of the compressor and tip flow field was analyzed to reveal the stall margin improvement mechanism of the slot casing treatment in the counter-rotating compressor. The study showed that the slot casing treatment can improve the stability margin of the counter-rotating compressor, and the axial position of the casing treatment had a significant impact on the aerodynamic performance and stability margin of the counter-rotating compressor. With the forward movement of the casing treatment, the peak efficiency loss of the counter-rotating compressor gradually decreased, while the stall margin improvement was not much different. The combined effect of bleed and injection of the slots slowed down the degree of blockage in the rotor R2 blade tip passage, and achieved stability improvement by suppressing the development of tip leakage flow and secondary leakage flow. In addition, the slot casing treatment may change the first stall stage of this counter-rotating compressor, demonstrating the effectiveness of slot casing treatment in the expansion of stability under variable operating conditions.
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图 6 实验和数值计算压气机总性能对比
Figure 6. Overall performance comparison between experiment and numerical calculation results of compressor
图 7 对转压气机总特性对比
Figure 7. Comparison of the overall performance of counter-rotating compressor
图 10 实壁机匣近失速点下叶顶间隙泄漏流分布
Figure 10. Distribution of tip leakage flow at near stall point of solid casing
图 11 转子0.99倍叶高叶片表面静压分布
Figure 11. Static pressure distribution on the blade surface of rotor at 0.99 times span
图 12 间隙泄漏流轴向与切向速度沿弦长分布
Figure 12. Gap leakage flow axial and tangential velocity distribution along the chord length
图 13 转子R2进出口轴向速度沿叶高分布
Figure 13. Rotor R2 inlet and outlet axial velocity distribution along the blade span
图 14 转子R2进口相对气流角沿叶高分布
Figure 14. Rotor R2 inlet relative flow angle distribution along the blade span
图 15 实壁机匣近失速工况与机匣处理近失速工况下0.99倍叶高处流场
Figure 15. Flow field at 0.99 times blade span at near stall point of solid casing and casing treatment
图 16 子午面熵及流线分布
Figure 16. Distribution of entropy and streamlines in the meridian plane
图 17 不同机匣下周向平均熵的积分值
Figure 17. Integral of circumferential averaged entropy with different casings.
图 18 机匣处理开口面处绝对速度径向分量分布
Figure 18. Distribution of radial component of absolute velocity at open face of casing treatment
图 19 3种机匣处理方案下缝的抽吸量与射流量的分布
Figure 19. Distribution of bleed and inject mass flow in the slots with the three casing treatment schemes
图 20 转速比为1.25时实壁机匣与缝式机匣处理下对转压气机总特性
Figure 20. Comparison the overall performance of compressor at speed ratio of 1.25 under solid casing and slot casing treatment
图 21 转速比为1.11时实壁机匣与缝式机匣处理下对转压气机总特性
Figure 21. Comparison the overall performance of compressor at speed ratio of 1.11 under solid casing and slot casing treatment
表 1 转子的主要设计参数
Table 1. Main design parameters of the rotors
设计参数 转子1（R1） 转子2（R2） 转速N/（r/min） 8000 −8000 叶片数n 19 20 叶顶间隙τ/mm 0.5 0.5 叶尖弦长C/m 0.0832 0.0769 叶尖速度Utip/（m/s） 167.6 167.6 进口轮毂比 0.485 0.641 
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表 2 缝式机匣处理几何参数
Table 2. Geometry parameters of slot casing treatment
参数 缝式机匣处理类型 ASCT1 ASCT2 ASCT3 缝长（L/Ca）/% 100 100 100 缝宽W/mm 7.4 7.4 7.4 缝深D/mm 12 12 12 缝数（单通道缝数）m 6 6 6 中心偏移度 0 0.21 0.42 W/W1 2/1 2/1 2/1
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表 3 缝式机匣处理扩稳效果评估
Table 3. Evaluation of stability expansion effect of slot casing treatment
机匣类型 MSMF/（kg/s） VSMI/% VPEI/% ASCT1 4.81 6.23 −2.15 ASCT2 4.806 6.15 −1.82 ASCT3 4.807 6.29 −0.99
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