Frictional characteristics induced by ring deformation of thin-wall angular contact ball bearing
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摘要:
针对薄壁轴承在制造、安装过程中套圈变形引起的轴承摩擦力矩变化机理不明的问题，基于滚动轴承动力学理论，构建了计入套圈变形时变表征的薄壁角接触球轴承动力学分析模型与摩擦力矩数学模型，研究了套圈沟曲率半径、变形相位角、半幅值及工况条件对轴承摩擦特性的影响规律。结果表明：沟曲率半径系数对轴承摩擦力矩的影响随转速临界值变化而发生改变，该转速值在计入套圈变形时较理想套圈会出现超前或滞后。优化配置套圈变形相位角可降低变形对摩擦力矩的作用。载荷比会影响形成轴承摩擦力矩最小的套圈变形相位角，其对套圈两瓣波相位角变化的影响小于三瓣波变形。合理控制套圈变形半振幅可降低对轴承摩擦力矩波动性的影响。
Abstract:Targeting the unclear mechanism of the frictional torque variation induced by the ring deformation in the process of manufacturing and installation of the thin-wall angular contact ball bearings, based on the dynamic theory of rolling bearing, the dynamic analysis model and friction torque mathematical model of thin-wall angular contact ball bearing were established considering the time-varying representation of the ring deformation, and the effects of the ring groove curvature radius, the deformation phase angle, the half amplitude, and the working conditions on the frictional characteristics were studied. The results indicated that: the influence of the groove radius of curvature coefficient on the frictional torque changed at different speed critical values, which preacted or lagged compared with the ideal ring when considering the ring deformation. Optimal configuration of deformation phase angle of the ring can reduce the effect of the deformation on the frictional torque. The load ratio affected the deformation phase angle of the ring forming the minimum frictional torque, whose effect on the phase angle of two-lobe wave was less than that of three-lobe wave deformation. A reasonable control of half amplitude of ring deformation can reduce the influence of frictional torque fluctuation.
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图 8 外沟曲率半径系数对摩擦力矩的影响
Figure 8. Influence of outer ring groove curvature coefficient on friction torque
图 9 内沟曲率半径系数对摩擦力矩的影响
Figure 9. Influence of inner ring groove curvature coefficient on friction torque
图 10 波瓣数为2时套圈变形相位角对摩擦力矩的影响
Figure 10. Influence of ring deformation phase angle on friction torque when the number of lobes is 2
图 11 波瓣数为3时套圈变形相位角对摩擦力矩的影响
Figure 11. Influence of ring deformation phase angle on friction torque when the number of lobes is 3
图 12 外圈波瓣数为2时半振幅对摩擦力矩的影响
Figure 12. Influence of semi-amplitude of outer ring deformation on friction torque when the number of lobes is 2
图 13 外圈波瓣数为3时半振幅对摩擦力矩的影响
Figure 13. Influence of semi-amplitude of outer ring deformation on friction torque when the number of lobes is 3
图 14 内圈波瓣数为2时半振幅对摩擦力矩的影响
Figure 14. Influence of semi-amplitude of inner ring deformation on friction torque when the number of lobes is 2
图 15 内圈波瓣数为3时变形半振幅对摩擦力矩的影响
Figure 15. Influence of semi-amplitude of inner ring deformation on friction torque when the number of lobes is 3
表 1 薄壁角接触球轴承尺寸参数
Table 1. Dimensional parameters of thin-wall angular contact ball bearing
参数 数值 内径/mm 212.0 外径/mm 248.0 初始接触角/（°） 40.0 钢球直径/mm 16.333 钢球个数/mm 36 保持架外径/mm 236.0 保持架内径/mm 218.0 
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