Influence of aviation fuel flash point on fuel tank flammability exposure time
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摘要:
基于国产民用飞机适航符合性评估需要，简要总结了FAA修订FAR25.981适航规章发展变迁，收集了国内外不同燃油海平面闪点数据，通过蒙特卡洛可燃性暴露分析程序，得到了闪点平均值和标准差变化对油箱可燃暴露率的影响。结果表明：闪点平均温度值越大，标准差范围越宽，油箱可燃性暴露率也越大，在相同条件下，飞机使用RP-3燃油的可燃性暴露率高于Jet A燃油，因此在我国飞机在适航审定过程中应当充分考虑燃油差异对可燃性的影响，完善适合我国国情的适航审定标准和规范。
Abstract:Based on the airworthiness conformity assessment needs of domestic civil aircraft, the development and changes of airworthiness regulations of FAR25.981 revised by FAA were studied, and the fuel flash point temperature ranges at home and abroad were investigated. Through monte Carlo flammability exposure analysis program, the impact of the average flash point and range changes on fuel tank flammability exposure rate was obtained. Results showed that the larger average flash point temperature value indicated the wider standard deviation range, and the larger flammability exposure rate of fuel tank. Under the same conditions, the flammability exposure rate of aircraft using RP-3 fuel was higher than that of Jet A fuel. Therefore, the impact of fuel differences on flammability should be fully considered in the airworthiness certification process of aircraft in China, and the airworthiness application standards and specifications suitable for China’s national conditions should be improved.
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Key words:
- flash point /
- flammability exposure /
- aircraft fuel tank /
- Monte Carlo analysis /
- RP-3 fuel
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图 2 不同厂家RP-3燃油平均闪点及标准差
Figure 2. Average flash point and standard deviation of RP-3 fuel from different manufacturers
图 3 各国家不同种类燃油平均闪点及标准差
Figure 3. Average flash point and standard deviation of different fuel in different countries
图 4 不同闪点不同计算次数对油箱可燃性暴露率的影响
Figure 4. Influence of different flash points and different calculation times on flammability exposure rate of fuel tank
图 5 燃油平均闪点变化对油箱可燃性暴露率影响
Figure 5. Influence of fuel average flash point change on fuel tank flammability exposure rate
图 6 燃油闪点标准差变化对油箱可燃性暴露率影响
Figure 6. Influence of fuel flash point interval variation on fuel tank flammability exposure rate
图 7 不同燃油类型对油箱可燃性暴露率影响
Figure 7. Influence of different fuel types on fuel tank flammability exposure rate
表 1 FAR25.981 条款的历次修订
Table 1. Previous amendments to FAR25.981
序号 生效日期 条款编号 关注内容 1 1967.06.04 25-11 油箱温度 2 2001.06.06 25-102 油箱点燃预防及初步
可燃环境要求3 2008.09.19 25-125 油箱点燃预防及细化
可燃环境要求
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表 2 环境温度和燃油闪点高斯分布
Table 2. Gaussian distribution of ambient temperature and fuel flash point
参数 闪点温度/℃ 平均温度 48.89（120℉） 正标准差 4.44（8℉） 负标准差 4.44（8℉）
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