Research progress in the mechanical properties and oxidation resistance modification effect of interphase of SiC matrix composites reinforced with continuous fibers
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摘要:
综述了近年来SiC基复合材料的裂解碳（PyC）及其衍生物、BN及其衍生物、新型界面相和复合界面相的力学及抗氧化性能改性效果、相关影响因素及不足之处，比较了几类常见的界面相制备工艺。其中，PyC界面相力学改性效果好但抗氧化性差，添加B元素仍难以克服其本征不耐氧化性；BN界面相综合性能佳，但具有中温脆性且不防潮；复合界面相优势众多，但热膨胀系数失配、化学相容性差等问题不可忽视；新型界面相在性能或制备方式上难以兼顾。未来的发展方向为完善性能数据库和损伤机理、探索更多新型界面相类型，以及深入挖掘现有界面相制备工艺的潜力等。
Abstract:The mechanical and oxidation resistance modification effects, the related influencing factors, and the shortcomings of pyrocarbon （PyC） and its derivatives, BN and its derivatives, new style interphases, and compound interphases were reviewed, and several common interphases preparation technologies were also briefly compared. Among them, the PyC interphase had excellent mechanical modification but no oxidation resistance, and adding B element was still difficult to overcome its intrinsic oxidation resistance. The comprehensive performance of BN interphase was preferably good, but brittle at medium temperature and was not moisture-proof. Lots of advantages of composite interphase were presented, but the problems such as mismatch of thermal expansion coefficient and poor chemical compatibility can not be ignored. The new interphase was hard to be considered in terms of properties or preparation methods. The future development direction is to improve the performance database and damage mechanism, to explore more new types of interfacial phases, and to tap the potential of existing interfacial phase preparation processes.
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Key words:
- SiC matrix composites /
- interphase /
- mechanical properties /
- oxidation resistance /
- continuous fibers
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表 3 BN界面相对SiC/SiC的增强效果与抗氧化性
Table 3. Enhancement effect and oxidation resistance of BN interphase relative to SiC/SiC
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表 4 其他同质界面相的改性效果
Table 4. Modification effect of other homogeneous interphase
界面相 制备方法 材料 改性效果 Zr[53] PVD SiC/SiC 弯曲位移提高20% Ti3SiC2[56] EPD SiC/SiC 断裂位移提高70% CNT[57] CVD SiC/SiC 弯曲强度提高22.29% GO[58] EPD C/SiC 压缩强度提高12.8% ZrGeO4[59] 溶胶凝胶法 SiC/SiC 双界面相的ISS为
170 MPaRe2Si2O7 [60] 溶胶凝胶法 SiCf 纤维脱黏应力为
20～30 MPaY2Si2O7 [61-62] 溶胶凝胶法 SiC/SiC 纤维脱黏应力达
94 MPa溶胶凝胶法 SiC/SiC 1000 ℃氧化后ISS
保留90%SiBCN[64] CVD SiC/SiC 弯曲强度提高36% SiOC[65] PIP SiC/SiC 弯曲强度达85.26% SiBN[66] CVD SiC/SiC 弯曲强度达96.5 MPa 硅镁
氧化物[67-68]溶胶凝胶法 SiC/SiC 1400 ℃弯曲强度
略降低溶胶凝胶法 SiC/SiC 1400 ℃下弯曲强度
保留85%SiC[9] CVD SiC/SiC 弯曲强度提高167.29% SiC[69] CVD C/SiC 断裂韧性提高248%
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表 5 双层界面相的改性效果
Table 5. Modification effect of double-layer interphase
界面相 制备方法 材料 改性效果 PyC+SiC[9] CVD SiC/SiC 弯曲强度达331.8 MPa PyC+BN[10] CVD SiC/SiC 1200 ℃氧化后
保留率为54%BN+SiC[71] CVD SiC/SiC 拉伸强度达631.8 MPa PyC+SiC[72] CVD C/SiC 1200 ℃下弯曲强度
达220 MPaBN+SiC[73] PIP SiC/SiC 弯曲强度达272 MPa BNNT+BN[74] CVD SiC/SiC 断裂韧性提高27.3% PyC+CNT[75] CVD+ EPD C/SiC 弯曲强度提高25.3% PyC+CNT[76] CVD SiC/SiC 断裂韧性提高35.9% PyC+SiCNW[77] CVD+ EPD SiC/SiC 拉伸强度提高40% Al2O3/SiO2[78] 溶胶凝胶法 SiCf 1200 ℃氧化后
保留率为92.3%Al2O3/SiO2[79] 溶胶凝胶法 SiCf 拉伸强度提高39.33%
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表 6 多层交替复合界面相的改性效果
Table 6. Modification effect of multi-layer alternating interphase
界面相 制备方法 材料 改性效果 （SiO2/ ZrO2）n[80] CVD SiC/ SiC 960 ℃氧化后拉伸
强度保持不变（PyC/ SiC）4[81] SiC/ SiC 拉伸强度达 466 MPa （PyC/ SiC）n[82] SiC/ SiC 层数过多易导致
界面相晶化（PyC/ SiC）n[83] SiC/SiC 900～1100 ℃
氧化后自愈（PyC/ SiC）n[84] C/SiC 断裂韧性提高18.3% （PyC/ SiC）2[85] SiC/ SiC C 断裂韧性提高101% （BN/ SiC）n[86] SiC/ SiC （BN/SiC）1界面相时
拉伸强度保留42.1%PyC+
（PyC/SiC）4[87]C/SiC 1200 ℃下弯曲强度
提高27.03%（C/硅磷
酸盐）n[88]酸化 SiC/ SiC 力学性能、抗氧化性
均提高
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