Experiment on variation of combustion reaction region in a scramjet combustor
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摘要:
运用试验的方式在来流马赫数为2.5的条件下研究了气态燃料在直连式凹腔燃烧室内的燃烧过程，结合壁面压力测量以及OH-PLIF（OH-平面激光诱导荧光系统）方法分析了乙烯燃料在点火后1 ms内的燃烧反应区域发展过程和氢气燃料在稳焰时1 ms内的燃烧反应区域变化过程。结果表明凹腔后缘斜坡对于气态燃料的火焰传播起重要作用，初始燃烧区域在随来流到达后斜坡后会减速滞留，为附近的燃料提供适宜的点火环境。凹腔剪切层对气态燃料的稳焰燃烧起重要作用，剪切层内始终部分存在剧烈燃烧反应区域，这将为凹腔内部源源不断地提供点火能量，为维持凹腔内部燃料持续点火燃烧提供能源支撑。试验测得乙烯初始燃烧反应区域向凹腔上游的发展速度约为170 m/s。
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关键词:
- 超燃燃烧室 /
- 氢气 /
- 乙烯 /
- 平面激光诱导荧光系统（PLIF） /
- 燃烧反应区域
Abstract:The combustion process of gaseous fuel in a direct-connected cavity combustor was studied by experimental method under the condition of incoming Mach number 2.5; combined with wall pressure measurement and OH-PLIF (OH-planer laser-induced fluorescence) method, the development process of combustion reaction zone of ethylene fuel in 1 ms after ignition and the change process of combustion reaction zone of hydrogen fuel in 1 ms during flame stabilization were analyzed. The results showed that the slope of the trailing edge of the cavity played an important role in the flame propagation of gaseous fuel, and the initial combustion zone slowed down and stood still after arriving at the slope with the incoming flow, providing a suitable ignition environment for the nearby fuel. The cavity shear layer played an important role in the stable flame combustion of gaseous fuel, and there exists always a severe combustion reaction area in the shear layer, providing continuous ignition energy for the cavity and energy support for maintaining the continuous ignition and combustion of the fuel in the cavity. The development rate of the initial combustion reaction region of ethylene to the upstream cavity was about 170 m/s.
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图 3 PLIF及纹影测量系统示意图
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of PLIF and schlieren measurement system
图 6 来流马赫数为2.5的无反应流场数值模拟图
Figure 6. Numerical simulation diagram of inflow Mach number of 2.5 unreacted flow field
图 8 来流马赫数为2.5的燃烧反应流场数值模拟图
Figure 8. Numerical simulation diagram of inflow Mach number of 2.5 combustion reaction flow field
表 1 不同燃料喷注条件
Table 1. Injection conditions of different fuels
燃料名称 喷注流量/
（kg/s）喷注
当量比喷注
总温/K喷注压力/
MPa氢气 0.0179 0.20 300 2.5 乙烯 0.0608 0.28 300 2.5 
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表 2 试验操作时序
Table 2. Experimental operation sequence
燃料
名称流场建立
t0/ms燃料喷注
t1/ms火花塞工作
ti/ms燃料停止
t3/ms流场结束
t4/ms氢气 0 59 101/201 349 363 乙烯 0 63 256/356 383 363
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表 3 乙烯试验关键时刻描述
Table 3. Description of critical moment of ethylene test
时刻编号 相对时间t′/ms 绝对时间T/s 时刻描述 t0 0 3.319 流场建立 t1 63 3.382 乙烯注入 t2 256 3.575 乙烯点火 t3 383 3.702 乙烯撤除 t4 363 3.682 有效时间结束
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表 4 氢气试验关键时刻描述
Table 4. Description of critical moment of hydrogen test
时刻编号 相对时间t′/ms 绝对时间T/s 时刻描述 t0 0 3.319 流场建立 t1 59 3.378 氢气注入 t2 78 3.397 氢气点火 t3 349 3.668 乙烯撤除 t4 363 3.682 有效时间结束
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