旋流数对贫预混燃烧特性影响

徐丽; 刘凯; 曾文

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210675

旋流数对贫预混燃烧特性影响

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210675

徐丽¹,
刘凯²,
曾文²

1.
沈阳理工大学机械工程学院，沈阳 110134
2.
沈阳航空航天大学航空发动机学院，沈阳 110136

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（51376133）；航空科学基金（2015ZB54003）

详细信息

作者简介:
徐丽（1971-），女，副教授，硕士，研究方向为燃烧设计、试验与分析

中图分类号: V231.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-28
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-29

Effect of swirl number on lean premixed combustion characteristics

1.
School of Mechanical Engineering，Shenyang Ligong University，Shenyang 110134，China
2.
School of Aero-engine，Shenyang Aerospace University，Shenyang 110136，China

摘要

摘要:
采用数值模拟与试验的手段，研究了旋流数对贫预混燃烧室燃烧性能的影响。数值模拟结果表明：旋流数在0.56～0.73之间，火焰筒头部均能产生明显的回流区，随旋流数的增加，回流区增大，但燃料掺混均匀性变差，主燃区燃料不均匀度由0.00853增加到0.01047，不利于温度场均匀性的提升和氮氧化物（NOx）排放的降低。试验结果表明：随旋流数增加，贫油熄火燃空比减小，且随进口马赫数越小这种趋势越明显；随旋流数增加，燃烧室出口温度均匀性变差，温度分布系数由0.1640增加到0.1915，一氧化碳（CO）排放指数由26.23 g/kg减少到18.07 g/kg，未燃碳氢化合物（UHC）排放指数由12.55 g/kg减少到9.21 g/kg，而NOx排放指数由0.609 g/kg增大到0.850 g/kg。
- 贫预混燃烧 /
- 旋流数 /
- 贫油熄火 /
- 出口温度 /
- 排放指数
Abstract:
The effects of swirl numbers on the combustion performance of lean premixed combustor were studied by means of numerical simulation and experiment. The numerical simulation results showed that when the swirl number was between 0.56−0.73, an obvious recirculation zone can be generated at the head of the flame barrel. With the increase of swirl number, the scale of recirculation zone increased, but the fuel mixing uniformity became worse, and the non-uniformity of the main combustion zone decreased from 0.00853 to 0.01047, which was not conducive to the improvement of the uniformity of temperature field and the reduction of NOx emission. The experiment results showed that with the increase of swirl number, the lean blowout fuel-air ratio decreased, the smaller inlet Mach number indicated the more obvious trend, the outlet temperature distribution factor increased from 0.1640 to 0.1915, the uniformity became worse, the emission index of CO decreased from 26.23 g/kg to 18.07 g/kg, the emission index of UHC decreased from 12.55 g/kg to 9.21 g/kg, and the emission index of NOx increased from 0.609 g/kg to 0.850 g/kg.
- lean premixed combustion /
- swirl number /
- lean blowout /
- outlet temperature /
- emission index

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图 1 燃烧室几何模型

Figure 1. Combustor geometric model

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图 2 不同网格数的轴向速度

Figure 2. Axis velocity with different grid numbers

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图 3 燃烧室流场

Figure 3. Flow field of combustor

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图 4 燃烧室中心截面燃料分布

Figure 4. Fuel distribution in central section of combustor

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图 5 燃烧室横截面燃料分布

Figure 5. Fuel distribution in cross sections of combustor

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图 6 燃烧室中心截面温度场

Figure 6. Temperature field in central section of combustor

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图 7 NOx的质量分数

Figure 7. Mass fraction of NOx

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图 8 试验系统图片

Figure 8. Picture of test system

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图 9 火焰筒

Figure 9. Flame tube

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图 10 贫油熄火燃空比

Figure 10. Fuel-air ratio of lean blowout

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图 11 热电偶耙及布置方式

Figure 11. Thermocouple and distribution

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图 12 燃气采样耙及布置方式

Figure 12. Gas sampling device and distribution

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表 1 天然气成分及体积分数

Table 1. Composition and volume fraction of natural gas

成分	CH₄	C₂H₆	CO₂	N₂
体积分数/%	94.66	1.25	1.27	2.82

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表 2 数值模拟工况

Table 2. Numerical simulation condition

天然气流量/ （kg/s）	空气总温/ K	空气总压/ MPa	空气流量/（kg/s）
天然气流量/ （kg/s）	空气总温/ K	空气总压/ MPa	头部	冷却
0.00978	650	0.202	0.310	0.136

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表 3 燃料不均匀度统计结果

Table 3. Statistical results of fuel nonuniformity

截面	旋流数	CH₄质量分数
截面	旋流数	最大值	最小值	不均匀度
Z=210 mm	0.56	0.03175	0.02182	0.02521
	0.65	0.03705	0.01796	0.02661
	0.73	0.04630	0.01055	0.02718
Z=320 mm	0.56	0.03094	0.02764	0.00853
	0.65	0.03195	0.02677	0.00897
	0.73	0.03382	0.02613	0.01047

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表 4 出口温度场统计结果

Table 4. Statistical results of outlet temperature field

旋流数	平均温度/K	热点温度/K	出口温度分布系数
0.56	1638.4	1789.2	0.1526
0.65	1644.1	1802.3	0.1591
0.73	1645.6	1822.6	0.1778

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表 5 NOx排放指数

Table 5. Emission index of NOx

旋流数	排放指数/（g/kg）
0.56	0.632
0.65	0.824
0.73	0.901

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表 6 贫油熄火试验工况

Table 6. Lean blowout test conditions

工况	进口总温/K	进口总压/MPa	进口马赫数
1	650	0.202	0.15
2			0.18
3			0.21

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表 7 出口温度场试验结果

Table 7. Test results of outlet temperature field

旋流数	平均温度/K	热点温度/K	出口温度分布系数
0.56	1623.5	1783.2	0.1640
0.65	1625.5	1792.6	0.1713
0.73	1626.6	1813.6	0.1915

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表 8 污染物排放指数

Table 8. Emission index of pollution

旋流数	排放指数/（g/kg）
旋流数	CO	UHC	NOx
0.56	26.23	12.55	0.609
0.65	19.73	10.93	0.783
0.73	18.07	9.21	0.850

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