基于三维随机细观模型的SiCp/Al复合材料力学性能分析

田学亮; 徐颖; 王学民; 崔海涛; 蒋鹏琛; 张宏建; 韩琦男

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210687

基于三维随机细观模型的SiCp/Al复合材料力学性能分析

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210687

田学亮^{1, 2,},
徐颖^{1, 2,*, ,},
王学民³,
崔海涛^{1, 2},
蒋鹏琛^{1, 2},
张宏建^{1, 2},
韩琦男^{1, 2}

1.
南京航空航天大学能源与动力学院航空发动机热环境与热结构工业和信息化部重点实验室，南京 210016
2.
南京航空航天大学能源与动力学院机械结构力学及控制国家重点实验室，南京 210016
3.
中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院，成都 610500

详细信息

作者简介:
田学亮（1996-），男，硕士生，主要从事先进复合材料的结构设计、强度和疲劳研究。E-mail：tianxueliang126@126.com

通讯作者:
徐颖（1979-），女，副教授，博士，主要从事先进复合材料的损伤失效、强度和疲劳研究。E-mail：xying@nuaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V257
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-01
- 网络出版日期: 2024-01-20

Analysis of mechanical properties of SiCp/Al composites based on three-dimensional random meso-model

TIAN Xueliang^{1, 2
,},
XU Ying^{1, 2,*
, ,},
WANG Xuemin³,
CUI Haitao^{1, 2},
JIANG Pengchen^{1, 2},
ZHANG Hongjian^{1, 2},
HAN Qinan^{1, 2}

1.
Aero-engine Thermal Environment and Structure Key Laboratory of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology，College of Energy and Power Engineering，Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，Nanjing 210016，China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures，College of Energy and Power Engineering，Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，Nanjing 210016，China
3.
Sichuan Gas Turbine Establishment，Aero Engine Corporation of China，Chengdu 610500，China

摘要

摘要:
基于颗粒增强铝基复合材料的细观组成及结构特点，建立了考虑颗粒、基体、界面性能的三维随机细观颗粒增强复合材料分析模型和方法。在细观尺度上，分别采用立方颗粒、球形颗粒及三维随机多面体模型来表征颗粒的形状，根据颗粒原材料粒度分析获得的粒径分布数据，建立考虑颗粒空间分布的随机特性及粒径的概率分布特征的三维随机代表性体积单元。在Ludwik模型基础上考虑淬火硬化效应，描述铝基体的弹塑性本构关系，考虑了基体的韧性损伤、SiC颗粒的弹脆性破坏以及界面的拉伸-开裂行为，模拟了材料在单轴拉伸过程中的变形和损伤过程。开展SiCp/Al2009复合材料标准件的单轴拉伸试验验证，结果表明：弹性模量、屈服强度和拉伸强度的预测最大误差分别在5%、5%及11%以内；弹性模量的预测结果受颗粒形状影响较小；其中，三维随机多面体模型的拉伸强度预测精度最高，且能反映出颗粒增强复合材料拉伸断裂过程中的基体韧性断裂、颗粒脆性破坏以及界面脱黏的破坏模式；该模型和方法可为颗粒增强铝基复合材料的细观损伤机理及宏观力学性能分析提供有益的参考。
- SiCp/Al复合材料 /
- 三维细观模拟 /
- 颗粒尺寸分析 /
- 颗粒形状 /
- 三维随机代表性体积单元 /
- 断口分析
Abstract:
Based on the mesoscopic composition and structural characteristics of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites, a three-dimensional random meso particle reinforced composites analysis model along with its method considering particle, matrix and interface properties was established. On the meso scale, cubic particle, spherical particle and three-dimensional random polyhedron models were used to characterize the shape of particles respectively. According to the particle size distribution data obtained from particle raw material particle size analysis, a three-dimensional random representative volume element considering the random characteristics of particle spatial distribution and the probability distribution characteristics of particle size was established. Based on Ludwik model, considering the quenching hardening effect, the elastic-plastic constitutive relationship of aluminum matrix was described. The ductile damage of matrix, the elastic-brittle failure of SiC particles and the tensile cracking behavior of interface were considered. The deformation and damage process of material in uniaxial tension were simulated. The uniaxial tensile test verification of SiCp/Al2009 composite standard parts was carried out. The results showed that the maximum errors of elastic modulus, yield strength and tensile strength were less than 5%, 5% and 11%, respectively; the prediction result of elastic modulus was less affected by particle shape; among them, the three-dimensional random polyhedron model had the highest prediction accuracy of tensile strength, and can reflect the failure modes of matrix ductile fracture, particle brittle failure and interface debonding in the tensile fracture process of particle reinforced composites. The model and method can provide a useful reference for the analysis of meso damage mechanism and macro mechanical properties of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
- SiCp/Al composites /
- three-dimensional meso simulation /
- particle size analysis /
- particle shape /
- three-dimensional random representative volume element /
- fracture analysis

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图 1 SiC颗粒尺寸分析

Figure 1. SiC particle size analysis

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图 2 SiCp/Al复合材料RVE建立

Figure 2. Establishment of RVE for SiCp/Al Composites

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图 3 RVE边界条件设置

Figure 3. RVE boundary condition setting

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图 4 RVE载荷施加示意图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of RVE load application

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图 5 线性损伤演化模式

Figure 5. Linear damage evolution model

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图 6 基于三维随机RVE的SiCp/Al复合材料细观力学分析模型和方法流程图

Figure 6. Meso-mechanical analysis model and method flow chart of SiCp/Al composites based on three-dimensional random RVE

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图 7 不同网格尺寸的RVE-Su预测结果对比

Figure 7. Comparison of RVE-Su prediction results with different mesh size

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图 8 不同尺寸的RVE预测结果对比

Figure 8. Comparison of RVE prediction results of different sizes

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图 9 不同颗粒形状的RVE随机模型验证

Figure 9. Verification of RVE model with different particle shapes

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图 10 SiCp/Al2009复合材料单轴拉伸应力应变曲线（单位： mm）

Figure 10. Uniaxial tensile stress-strain curve of SiCp/Al2009 composite （unit: mm）

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图 11 不同RVE预测结果和试验结果对比

Figure 11. Comparison of different RVE prediction results and test results

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图 12 RVE拉伸破坏阶段Mises应力云图

Figure 12. Mises stress nephogram at tensile failure stage for RVE

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图 13 RVE拉伸破坏阶段PEEQ云图

Figure 13. PEEQ nephogram at tensile failure stage for RVE

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图 14 RVE中SiC颗粒不同拉伸阶段的最大主应力分布云图

Figure 14. Nephogram of maximum principal stress distribution of SiC psrticle in RVE at different tensile stages

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图 15 单轴拉伸断口形貌

Figure 15. Uniaxial tensile fracture morphology

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表 1 Al2009铝合金的组分质量分数

Table 1. Component content of Al2009 alloy %

Cu	Si	Fe	Zn	O	杂质	Al
4.06	0.25	0.2	0.1	0.6	0.2	其余

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表 2 组分的基本性能参数

Table 2. Basic performance parameters of components

材料	密度/（g/cm³）	弹性模量/GPa	泊松比
Al2009^[30]	2.7	75	0.33
SiCp^[29]	3.2	427	0.17

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表 3 淬火硬化效应计算参数值^[33]

Table 3. Calculation parameter value of quenching hardening effect^[33]

β	b/nm	$\Delta {C_{{\mathrm{te}}}}$/℃⁻¹
2.7	0.283	19.3×10⁻⁶

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表 4 SiCp/Al2009复合材料单轴拉伸试验结果

Table 4. Uniaxial tensile test results of SiCp/Al2009 composites

应变速率	E/GPa	${\sigma _{0.2}}$/MPa	${\sigma _{\mathrm{b}}}$/MPa	${\varepsilon _{\mathrm{f}}}$/%
4×10⁻³/s	103	440	568	3.3
4×10⁻³/s	112	447	561	4.4
2×10⁻³/s	103	422	532	2.2
2×10⁻³/s	105	437	566	3.1
1×10⁻³/s	104	446	573	4.0
1×10⁻³/s	104	429	563	3.8
均值	105	437	560	3.5

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表 5 不同RVE模型预测结果及试验对比

Table 5. Prediction results and test comparison of different RVE models

模型	E/GPa	${\sigma _{0.2}}$/MPa	${\sigma _{\mathrm{b}}}$/MPa	${\varepsilon _{\mathrm{f}}}$/%	试样数量
试验结果	105	437	560	3.5	6
RVE-Cube	103	448	503	2.3	3
RVE-Spherical	102	430	501	2.8	3
RVE-Su	102	452	508	2.2	3

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