一种氢燃料微尺度非预混燃烧室数值模拟

莫妲; 尚守堂; 林宇震; 马宏宇; 刘一雄

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220027

一种氢燃料微尺度非预混燃烧室数值模拟

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220027

莫妲^1,,
尚守堂¹,
林宇震²,
马宏宇¹,
刘一雄^1,*, ,

1.
中国航发沈阳发动机研究所，沈阳 110015
2.
北京航空航天大学航空发动机研究院，北京 100191

基金项目: 先进航空动力创新工作站资助项目（HKCX2021-01-021）

详细信息

作者简介:
莫妲（1987-），女，高级工程师，硕士，主要从事先进燃烧技术研究。E-mail：dada1204@126.com

通讯作者:
刘一雄（1988-），男，高级工程师，硕士，主要从事发动机总体性能、流固耦合技术研究。E-mail：yixiong.liu5021@gmail.com

中图分类号: V231.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-16
- 网络出版日期: 2023-07-05

Numerical simulation investigation on a hydrogen micromix combustor

1.
Shenyang Engine Research Institute， Aero Engine Corporation of China，Shenyang 110015，China
2.
Research Institute of Aero-Engine， Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，Beijing 100191，China

摘要

摘要:
为降低航空发动机和地面燃机碳排放和NOx，提出一种多射流布局的氢燃料微尺度非预混燃烧室头部结构。为获得微尺度非预混燃烧组织机理，以及关键设计参数对燃烧性能的影响，采用k-ω SST（剪切应力输运）和FGM（火焰面生成流行）方法中的扩散火焰方法，通过9种组分共26步反应开展数值仿真模拟，对动量通量比、当量比、空气和氢气的导流板高度进行敏感性分析，探究氢气与空气的混合特性、火焰结构、温度分布、NOx排放的影响因素。对比分析了传统航空煤油与氢气NOx排放。结果表明：减小动量通量比有利于缩短火焰长度，可降低169.6%的NOx；存在一个空气导流板高度的临界值，使得NOx最高，在15%含氧量条件下NOx的体积分数为5×10⁻⁶；氢气导流板高度由3 mm增加为11 mm，NOx减少75.9%。与传统煤油相比，最优结构参数组合方案可进一步降低85.7%的NOx。
- 氢燃料 /
- 微尺度非预混 /
- NOx /
- 动量通量比 /
- 导流板高度
Abstract:
In order to curb the carbon and NOx emissions of the aeroengine and ground gas turbines, a multi-injector combustor dome configuration was proposed. To explore the micromix non-premix combustion mechanism and the impacts of the critical parameters on the combustor performance, the k-ω SST (shear stress transfer) turbulence model, FGM (flamelet generated manifold) diffusion flamelet method and 9 species-26 steps reactions were adopted for the numerical simulation. Sensitivity analysis was performed with regard to the momentum flux ratio, equivalence ration, air-gate height and hydrogen-gate height. The influencing factors of mixing characteristics, flame structure, temperature distribution and NOx emission were explored. Meanwhile, the NOx emission between the conventional kerosene combustor and the hydrogen micromix was evaluated. Results showed that lower momentum flux ratio was beneficial for enhancing the mixing and reducing the flame length, resulting in 169.6% NOx reduction. There existed a critical value of the air gate height which brought about the highest NOx up to 5×10⁻⁶ under the 15% O₂ content condition. As H₂ gate height increased from 3 mm to 11 mm, NOx fell by 75.9%. Compared with the conventional kerosene combustor, NOx emission dramatically dropped by 85.7%, using the optimal combination of critical parameters.
- hydrogen fuel /
- micromix non-premix /
- NOx /
- momentum flux ratio /
- guide gate height

HTML

图 1 微尺度非预混燃烧室原理图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of hydrogen micromix combustor

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图 2 微尺度非预混燃烧室几何模型

Figure 2. Geometry model of hydrogen micromix combustor

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图 3 网格无关性验证曲线

Figure 3. Numerical grid independence verification

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图 4 氢燃料微尺度非预混燃烧室局部网格

Figure 4. Numerical grid of hydrogen micromix combustor

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图 5 不同动量通量比下速度流线分布

Figure 5. Velocity streamline distribution for different momentum flux ratio

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图 6 不同动量通量比下的OH质量分数分布

Figure 6. Mass fraction of OH distribution for different momentum flux ratio

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图 7 不同动量通量比下的温度分布

Figure 7. Total temperature distribution for different momentum flux ratio

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图 8 不同动量通量比下的内外壁面平均温度

Figure 8. Average total temperature of wall surface for different momentum flux ratio

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图 9 不同当量比下速度流线分布

Figure 9. Velocity streamline distribution for different equivalence ratio cases

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图 10 不同当量比下的OH质量分数分布

Figure 10. Mass fraction of OH distribution for different equivalence ratio cases

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图 11 不同当量比下的温度分布

Figure 11. Total temperature distribution for different equivalence ratio cases

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图 12 不同空气导流板高度下速度流线分布

Figure 12. Velocity streamline distribution for different air-gate cases

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图 13 不同空气导流板高度下OH质量分数分布

Figure 13. Mass fraction of OH distribution for different hydrogen-gate cases

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图 14 不同空气导流板高度下的温度分布

Figure 14. Total temperature distribution for different air-gate cases

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图 15 不同氢气导流板高度下速度流线分布

Figure 15. Velocity streamline distribution for different hydrogen-gate cases

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图 16 不同氢气导流板高度下的温度分布

Figure 16. Total temperature distribution for different hydrogen-gate cases

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图 17 不同氢气导流板高度下OH质量分数分布

Figure 17. Mass fraction of OH distribution for different hydrogen-gate cases

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图 18 不同方案NOx排放

Figure 18. NOx emission for different cases

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图 19 最优方案温度分布

Figure 19. Temperature distribution of the optimum case

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图 20 轴向不同截面OTDF对比

Figure 20. OTDF for different surface along axial distance

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表 1 化学反应^[22]

Table 1. Chemistry reaction^[22]

序号	反应式	A/（（cm³/mol）ⁿ⁻¹/s）	B	E/（kJ/mol）
1	H+O₂=O+OH	3.55×10¹⁵	−0.40	16.6
2	O+H₂=H+OH	5.08×10⁴	2.70	6.29
3	H₂+OH=H₂O+H	2.16×10⁸	1.50	3.43
4	O+H₂O=OH+OH	2.97×10⁶	2.00	13.4
5	H₂ +M=H+H+M	4.58×10¹⁹	−1.40	104
6	H₂+Ar=H+H+Ar	5.84×10¹⁸	−1.10	104
7	H₂+He=H+H+He	5.84×10¹⁸	−1.10	104
8	O+O+M=O₂+M	6.16×10¹⁵	−0.50	0
9	O+O+Ar=O₂+Ar	1.89×10¹³	0	0
10	O+O+He=O₂+He	1.89×10¹³	0	0
11	O+H+M=OH+M	4.71×10¹⁸	−1.0	0
12	H+OH+M=H₂O+M	3.80×10²²	−2.0	0
13	H+O₂（+M）=HO₂（+M）	1.48×10¹²	0.6	0
14	H+O₂（+M）=HO₂（+M）	1.48×10¹²	0.6	0
15	HO₂+H=H₂+O₂	1.66×10¹³	0	0.823
16	HO₂+H=OH+OH	7.08×10¹³	0	0.295
17	HO₂+O=O₂+OH	3.25×10¹³	0	0
18	HO₂+OH=H₂O+O₂	2.89×10¹³	0	0
19	HO₂+HO₂=H₂O₂+O₂	4.20×10¹⁴	0	12
20	HO₂+HO₂=H₂O₂+O₂	1.30×10¹¹	0	0
21	H₂O₂（+M）=OH+OH（+M）	2.95×10¹⁴	0	48.4
22	H₂O₂+H=H₂O+OH	2.41×10¹³	0	3.97
23	H₂O₂+H=HO₂+H₂	4.82×10¹³	0	7.95
24	H₂O₂+O=OH+HO₂	9.55×10⁶	2	3.97
25	H₂O₂+OH=HO₂+H₂O	1.00×10¹²	0	0
26	H₂O₂+OH=HO₂+H₂O	5.80×10¹⁴	0	9.56

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表 2 研究案例

Table 2. Investigation cases

工况编号	J	Φ	h_air/mm	h$_{{\rm{H}}_2}$/mm
1～4	0.9，7，11，17	0.4	12	5
5～8	17，46，67，91	0.3，0.5，0.6，0.7	12	5
9～12	30	0.4	6，8，10，14	5
13～16	30	0.4	12	3，7，9，11

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