Stator stall and partial clearance control of compressor
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摘要:
通过对某8级压气机进行数值计算得到了在设计转速下船舶压气机的流场特点与失稳机理。同时以此8级压气机中的前1.5级被作为研究对象探究压气机静叶轮毂静叶局部缝隙对角区失速的影响。结果表明,在设计转速下近失速点流动的不稳定性主要发生在静叶角区,主要原因是静叶角区失速。角区出现闭式分离泡并堵塞流场。1.5级压气机的计算结果表明,设计转速下压气机的失稳原因与8级压气机相同。通过在不同位置设置静叶局部缝隙可以发现,静叶局部缝隙能够有效的拓宽压气机裕度。其中在中间位置的缝隙扩稳效果最好,可以将裕度从22.1%提升为27.2%,最大效率从93.9%下降到93.21%。其他位置间隙所产生泄漏流动量不足,无法完全消除角区失速涡。最佳静叶局部缝隙的位置是在近失速点角区失速涡的涡核处,此时能保证间隙泄漏流动量最大。
Abstract:By numerical calculation of an 8-stage compressor, the characteristics and instability mechanism of marine compressor at design speed were obtained. At the same time, the first 1.5-stage of an 8-stage compressor was chosen to study the influence mechanism of the partial clearance on hub corner stall. The results showed that the flow instability mainly occurred in the hub-corner of stator at the design speed. The main reason is hub corner stall. The closed separation appeared in the corner and block the flow field. The 1.5-stage compressor result showed that the reason for compressor instability at design speed is the same as that of the 8-stage compressor. the partial clearance at different positions can widen effectively the margin. The effect of clearance was best when the clearance was in the middle. The clearance can not only increase the margin from 22.1% to 27.2%, but also cause the minimum loss at the maximum efficiency operation (from 93.9% to 93.21%). The leakage momentum caused by the clearance in other positions was not enough to eliminate the stall vortex in the hub. The optimal clearance was near the vortex core of stall vortex in the hub corner, where the leakage momentum was the maximum.
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Key words:
- stator stall /
- partial clearance /
- stall point /
- margin /
- leakage
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表 1 100%转速压气机裕度
Table 1. Compressor margin at 100% rotation speed
项目 原型 尾缘 后部 中间 前部 裕度/% 22.1 23.01 24.84 27.8 25.16 效率/% 93.90 93.51 93.31 93.21 92.4 -
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