陶瓷栅板密封泄漏特性数值方法研究

金冠男; 孙丹; 张国臣; 刘胜; 满延进; 李建辉

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220169

陶瓷栅板密封泄漏特性数值方法研究

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220169

金冠男¹,
孙丹¹,
张国臣^1,*, ,,
刘胜²,
满延进²,
李建辉¹

1.
沈阳航空航天大学航空发动机学院辽宁省航空推进系统先进测试技术重点实验室，沈阳 110136
2.
北京动力机械研究所，北京 100074

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52075346）；先进航空动力创新工作站（依托中国航空发动机研究院设立）项目（HKC2020-02-030）

详细信息

作者简介:
金冠男（1998-），男，硕士，主要从事陶瓷栅板密封泄漏特性研究

通讯作者:
张国臣（1984-），男，讲师，博士，主要从事航空发动机先进密封技术研究。E-mail：hngchzh@126.com

中图分类号: V233.5
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- 文章访问数: 383
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-30
- 网络出版日期: 2024-02-19

Study on numerical method of leakage characteristics of ceramic wafer seal

1.
Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Measurement and Test Technology for Aviation Propulsion System，School of Aero-engine，Shenyang Aerospace University，Shenyang 110136，China
2.
Beijing Power Machinery Institute，Beijing 100074，China

摘要

摘要:
理论分析了陶瓷栅板密封的泄漏特性，提出了考虑间隙泄漏与接触泄漏的陶瓷栅板密封泄漏特性的数值计算方法，在验证数值方法准确性基础上，通过分析进出口压比及温度等工况参数对闭合力、流量因子及泄漏量的影响，研究了工况参数下的陶瓷栅板密封流场、自密封效应及泄漏特性，揭示了自密封效应的变化规律，阐明了陶瓷栅板密封的泄漏机理。研究表明：陶瓷栅板密封闭合力随进出口压比的增加而增大，自密封效应随之增强，径向闭合力高于切向闭合力；气流温度对陶瓷栅板密封切向闭合力影响较小，径向闭合力随着气流温度的增加而平缓减小，径向自密封效应随之减弱；陶瓷栅板密封泄漏量随着进出口压比增加而增大，随着温度的增大而减小，且间隙泄漏在泄漏系统中占主要地位。提出的数值方法能准确计算陶瓷栅板密封泄漏量，为陶瓷栅板密封泄漏特性分析提供理论依据。
- 陶瓷栅板密封 /
- 间隙泄漏 /
- 接触泄漏 /
- 泄漏特性 /
- 自密封效应
Abstract:
The leakage characteristics of ceramic wafer seal were analyzed theoretically, and a numerical calculation method of leakage characteristics of ceramic wafer seal considering clearance leakage and contact leakage was proposed. On the basis of verifying the accuracy of the numerical method, the flow field, the self-sealing effect and leakage characteristics of ceramic wafer seal under working conditions were studied by analyzing the influence of inlet and outlet pressure ratio and temperature on the closing force, flow factor and leakage, revealing the changing rule of self-sealing effect and clarifying the leakage mechanism of ceramic wafer seal. The results showed that the sealing force of ceramic wafer seal increased with the increase of inlet and outlet pressure ratio, and the self-sealing effect was enhanced. The radial closing force was higher than the tangential closing force. Air flow had little influence on the tangential closing force of ceramic wafer seal, while the radial closing force decreased gently with the increase of air flow temperature, and the radial self-sealing effect was weakened accordingly. The leakage of ceramic wafer seal increased with the increase of inlet-outlet pressure ratio and decreased with the temperature rise, and the gap leakage played a major role in the leakage system. The numerical method proposed can accurately calculate the leakage of ceramic wafer seals, providing a theoretical basis for the analysis of leakage characteristics of ceramic wafer seal.
- ceramic wafer seal /
- gap leakage /
- contact leakage /
- leakage characteristics /
- self-sealing effect

HTML

图 1 空天飞机发动机尾喷管陶瓷栅板密封结构^[4]

Figure 1. Structure of ceramic wafer seal in aerospace aircraft engine^[4]

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图 2 陶瓷栅板密封结构示意图

1 压缩弹簧；2 密封区域；3 陶瓷栅板；4 密封衬套；5 分隔板；6 供给气流；7 集气腔；8 装置主体。

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of structure of ceramic wafer seal

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图 3 陶瓷栅板密封受力分析图

Figure 3. Force analysis diagram of ceramic wafer seal

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图 4 陶瓷栅板密封间隙泄漏路径

1 装置主体；2 分隔板；3 栅板前端；4 陶瓷栅板；5 栅板顶部；6 栅板底部；7 栅板末端。

Figure 4. Gap leakage path of ceramic wafer seal

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图 5 陶瓷栅板密封接触泄漏路径

Figure 5. Contact leakage path of ceramic wafer seal

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图 6 数值求解模型结构

Figure 6. Structure of solution model

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图 7 模型对比图

Figure 7. Model comparison diagram

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图 8 接触间隙泄漏数值模型建立过程

Figure 8. Process of establishing a numerical model of contact gap leakage

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图 9 陶瓷栅板密封网格划分

Figure 9. Grid division of ceramic wafer seal

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图 10 网格无关性验证

Figure 10. Grid independence verification

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图 11 模型准确性验证

Figure 11. Accuracy verification of model

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图 12 间隙泄漏流场分布云图

Figure 12. Flow field distribution cloud diagram of gap leakage

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图 13 接触泄漏流场分布云图

Figure 13. Flow field distribution cloud diagram of contact leakage

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图 14 工况参数对闭合力的影响规律

Figure 14. Influence law of working condition parameters on air force

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图 15 进出口压比对流量因子的影响规律

Figure 15. Influence law of pressure ratio of input and output on flow factor

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图 16 进出口压比对泄漏量的影响规律

Figure 16. Influence law of pressure ratio of input and output on leakage

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表 1 陶瓷栅板密封结构参数

Table 1. Structural parameters of ceramic wafer seal

参数	数值
密封出口长度l/mm	120
泄漏路径1高长比h₁/H₁	7.9×10⁻⁴～9.8×10⁻⁴
泄漏路径2高长比h₂/H₂	4.3×10⁻⁴～5.4×10⁻⁴
密封腔底部宽高比b/h	0.7
泄漏路径3宽长比b₃/l₃	1.8

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表 2 陶瓷栅板密封边界条件

Table 2. Boundary conditions of ceramic wafer seal

参数	数值或说明
流体介质	理想空气
湍流模型	Laminar
流动区域	连续无滑移
出口压力/MPa	0.1
进出口压比	2～7
进口温度/℃	25～800

下载: 导出CSV

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