第二动力系统建模及性能分析

袁昌坤; 刘娇; 刘火星; 周志鸿

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220197

第二动力系统建模及性能分析

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220197

袁昌坤^{1, 2,},
刘娇³,
刘火星^{1, 2},
周志鸿^{1, 2,*, ,}

1.
北京航空航天大学航空发动机研究院，北京 102206
2.
北京航空航天大学航空发动机气动热力国家级重点实验室，北京 102206
3.
中国航空工业集团有限公司沈阳飞机设计研究所，沈阳 110035

详细信息

作者简介:
袁昌坤（1998-），男，助理工程师，硕士，研究方向为第二动力系统建模仿真

通讯作者:
周志鸿（1991-），男，助理研究员，博士，研究方向为航空发动机涡轮气动设计及测试技术。E-mail：zhouzhihong@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V23
计量
- 文章访问数: 253
- HTML浏览量: 103
- PDF量: 36
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-09
- 网络出版日期: 2024-10-28

Second power system modeling and performance analysis

YUAN Changkun^{1, 2
,},
LIU Jiao³,
LIU Huoxing^{1, 2},
ZHOU Zhihong^{1, 2,*
, ,}

1.
Research Institute of Aero-Engine，Beihang University，Beijing 102206，China
2.
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero-Engine Aero-thermodynamics，Beihang University，Beijing 102206，China
3.
Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute，Aviation Industry Corporation of China，Limited，Shenyang 110035，China

摘要

摘要:
为分析飞机第二动力系统的整体工作特性，采用部件级建模方法和多种群遗传算法对包含辅助动力装置（APU）、引气管路和空气涡轮起动机（ATS）在内的第二动力系统进行稳态建模。利用参考数据对比验证了仿真模型的可靠性，仿真结果误差小于3.5%。仿真计算得到引气管路的损失特性和APU、ATS的工作特性，针对整体系统开展仿真分析得到系统的温度特性、高度-速度特性、负载特性，结果表明引气管路的效率会随引气参数发生显著变化，第二动力系统各部件工作存在耦合关系，系统的当量功率等总体性能参数随高度增加而衰减，系统效率随飞行速度的增加而下降，研究结论为先进第二动力系统设计提供参考。
- 辅助动力装置 /
- 空气涡轮起动机 /
- 模型与仿真 /
- 部件法 /
- 稳态特性
Abstract:
In order to analyze the overall working characteristics of the second power system of aircraft, a component-level modeling method and multi-population genetic algorithm were used to model the second power system, which consisted of the auxiliary power unit (APU), exhaust pipe and air turbine starter (ATS). The reliability of the simulation model was verified by comparison with the reference data, and the error of the simulation results was less than 3.5%. The loss characteristics of the bleed air pipeline and the working characteristics of APU and ATS were obtained by simulation calculation. The temperature characteristics, altitude velocity characteristics and load characteristics of the system were obtained by simulation analysis for the whole system. The results showed that the efficiency of the bleed air pipeline changed significantly with the bleed air parameters, and there existed a coupling relationship between the components of the second power system. The overall performance parameters such as the equivalent power of the system decreased with the increase of altitude, and the efficiency of the system decreased with the increase of flight speed. The research conclusion can provide a reference for the design of advanced second power system.
- auxiliary power unit /
- air turbine starter /
- model and simulation /
- components method /
- steady-state characteristic

HTML

图 1 第二动力系统组成示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the second power system

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 引气管路数值模拟示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of numerical simulation of bleeding pipe

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 多种群遗传算法示意图

Figure 3. Diagram of multi-island genetic algorithm

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 引气管路损失特性

Figure 4. Loss characteristics of bleeding pipe

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 ATS引气压力特性

Figure 5. ATS bleed air pressure characteristics

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 引气流量随引气压力和温度的变化

Figure 6. Change of bleed air flow with bleed air pressure and temperature

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 环境温度对引气压力和引气温度的影响

Figure 7. Influence of ambient temperature on bleeding pressure and temperature

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 APU进气总压恢复系数对引气压力和温度的影响

Figure 8. Influence of APU inlet total pressure recovery coefficient on bleeding pressure and temperature

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 APU排气总压恢复系数对引气压力和温度的影响

Figure 9. Influence of APU outlet total pressure recovery coefficient on bleeding pressure and temperature

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 高度-速度特性

Figure 10. Altitude-speed characteristic

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 系统效率随飞行高度-速度的变化

Figure 11. System efficiency varies with flight altitude-speed

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 某高度下ATS工作点

Figure 12. ATS operating point at a certain altitude

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 负载特性

Figure 13. Load characteristic

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 引气管路模型仿真校验

Table 1. Bleed air pipeline model simulation and verification

工况	数值结果	模型结果	误差/%
1	0.9950	0.9937	0.13
2	0.9949	0.9936	0.13
3	0.9948	0.9936	0.12

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 仿真结果验证（1）

Table 2. Verification of simulation results （1）

工况	参数	参考值	仿真值	误差/%
1	负载压气机功率/kW	209.0	210.2	0.6
	动力压气机功率/kW	620.0	616.8	0.5
	引气压力/kPa	313.0	311	0.6
	引气温度/K	458.0	455.8	0.5
	ATS流量/（kg/s）	1.038	1.035	0.3
	ATS功率/kW	90.0	89.9	0.1
2	引气压力/kPa	299.0	300.1	0.4
	引气温度/K	473.0	468.4	1.0
	ATS流量/（kg/s）	0.970	0.984	1.4
	ATS功率/kW	84.0	84.91	1.1
3	引气压力/kPa	339.0	335	1.2
	引气温度/K	435.0	419.91	3.5
	ATS流量/（kg/s）	1.14	1.15	0.9
	ATS功率/kW	98.0	100.0	2.0

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 仿真结果验证（2）

Table 3. Verification of simulation results （2）

工况	参数	参考值	仿真值	误差/%
1	涡轮前温度	1.000	1.015	1.5
	排气温度	1.000	1.002	0.2
	引气压力	1.000	1.023	2.2
	引气温度	1.000	1.033	3.2
2	涡轮前温度	0.996	1.009	1.3
	排气温度	0.992	0.995	0.2
	引气压力	0.906	0.919	1.5
	引气温度	0.988	1.0184	3.0
3	涡轮前温度	0.992	1.001	0.9
	排气温度	0.986	0.984	0.2
	引气压力	0.819	0.825	0.8
	引气温度	0.973	1.0082	3.4

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(19)

[1]	王浩,杨恒辉,卢玉芳. 飞机第二动力系统技术综述[J]. 信息系统工程,2014(4): 38-39. WANG Hao,YANG Henghui,LU Yufang. Overview of aircraft second power system technology[J]. CC News,2014(4): 38-39. (in Chinese WANG Hao, YANG Henghui, LU Yufang. Overview of aircraft second power system technology[J]. CC News, 2014(4): 38-39. (in Chinese)
[2]	馬强,田宏星. 战斗机用辅助动力装置的发展[J]. 航空动力,2019(2): 20-22. MA Qiang,TIAN Hongxing. The development of APUs for fighters[J]. Aerospace Power,2019(2): 20-22. (in Chinese MA Qiang, TIAN Hongxing. The development of APUs for fighters[J]. Aerospace Power, 2019(2): 20-22. (in Chinese)
[3]	CHEN Sijie,XU Zhuzheng,JIANG Haiming. Research on the architecture of auxiliary energy system for future fighter[C]//2016 IEEE International Conference on Aircraft Utility Systems. Piscataway,US: IEEE,2016: 189-192.
[4]	范开华. 军用飞机第二动力系统[C]// 中国航空学会控制与应用第十届学术年会论文集. 北京: 中国航空学会,2002: 363-366. FAN Kaihua. Second power system for military aircraft[C]//Proceedings of the 10th Annual conference on Control and Application of Chinese Aeronautical Society. Beijing: Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2002: 363-366. (in Chinese FAN Kaihua. Second power system for military aircraft[C]//Proceedings of the 10th Annual conference on Control and Application of Chinese Aeronautical Society. Beijing: Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2002: 363-366. (in Chinese)
[5]	唐正府,王进,张新非,等. 5代机第2动力系统的发展趋势分析[J]. 航空发动机,2014,40(4): 84-88. TANG Zhengfu,WANG Jin,ZHANG Xinfei,et al. Analysis on development trends of second power system for the fifth generation fighters[J]. Aeroengine,2014,40(4): 84-88. (in Chinese TANG Zhengfu, WANG Jin, ZHANG Xinfei, et al. Analysis on development trends of second power system for the fifth generation fighters[J]. Aeroengine, 2014, 40(4): 84-88. (in Chinese)
[6]	赵运生,胡骏,吴铁鹰,等. 大型民用飞机辅助动力装置性能仿真[J]. 航空动力学报,2011,26(7): 1590-1598. ZHAO Yunsheng,HU Jun,WU Tieying,et al. Performance simulation of large civil aircraft auxiliary power unit[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power,2011,26(7): 1590-1598. (in Chinese ZHAO Yunsheng, HU Jun, WU Tieying, et al. Performance simulation of large civil aircraft auxiliary power unit[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2011, 26(7): 1590-1598. (in Chinese)
[7]	常博博,苏三买,刘铁庚,等. 辅助动力装置建模及数值仿真[J]. 航空动力学报,2011,26(9): 2122-2127. CHANG Bobo,SU Sanmai,LIU Tiegeng,et al. Model and numerical simulation of auxiliary power unit[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power,2011,26(9): 2122-2127. (in Chinese CHANG Bobo, SU Sanmai, LIU Tiegeng, et al. Model and numerical simulation of auxiliary power unit[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2011, 26(9): 2122-2127. (in Chinese)
[8]	苏三买,孙牧桥,田宏星,等. 飞机辅助动力装置引气特性计算方法[J]. 推进技术,2013,34(4): 439-444. SU Sanmai,SUN Muqiao,TIAN Hongxing,et al. Air bleeding characteristics calculation method for aircraft auxiliary power unit[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology,2013,34(4): 439-444. (in Chinese SU Sanmai, SUN Muqiao, TIAN Hongxing, et al. Air bleeding characteristics calculation method for aircraft auxiliary power unit[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2013, 34(4): 439-444. (in Chinese)
[9]	殷海涛,赵运生,胡骏. 基于粒子群优化算法的APU总体性能优化设计[J]. 科技信息,2012(28): 469-471. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-9960.2012.28.414
[10]	胡冬,桂先立,蒋海明,等. 基于新型改进粒子群算法的APU建模与求解[J]. 计算机仿真,2020,37(1): 35-39. HU Dong,GUI Xianli,JIANG Haiming,et al. Modeling and calculating of auxiliary power unit based on newly improved particle swarm optimization[J]. Computer Simulation,2020,37(1): 35-39. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9348.2020.01.009 HU Dong, GUI Xianli, JIANG Haiming, et al. Modeling and calculating of auxiliary power unit based on newly improved particle swarm optimization[J]. Computer Simulation, 2020, 37(1): 35-39. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9348.2020.01.009
[11]	刘然. 辅助动力装置与空气涡轮起动机一体化建模与计算研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学,2020. LIU Ran. Research on integrated modeling and calculation of auxiliary power unit and air turbine starter[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2020. (in Chinese LIU Ran. Research on integrated modeling and calculation of auxiliary power unit and air turbine starter[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2020. (in Chinese)
[12]	刘伟,田宏星,陈玉春,等. 航空发动机空气起动系统性能匹配计算方法[J]. 推进技术,2020,41(2): 277-284. LIU Wei,TIAN Hongxing,CHEN Yuchun,et al. Matching performance calculation method for aero-engine air starting systems[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology,2020,41(2): 277-284. (in Chinese LIU Wei, TIAN Hongxing, CHEN Yuchun, et al. Matching performance calculation method for aero-engine air starting systems[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2020, 41(2): 277-284. (in Chinese)
[13]	唐海龙,张津. 面向对象的航空发动机性能仿真程序设计方法研究[J]. 航空动力学报,1999,14(4): 421-424,455-456. TANG Hailong,ZHANG Jin. A study of object-oriented approach for aeroengine performance simulation[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power,1999,14(4): 421-424,455-456. (in Chinese TANG Hailong, ZHANG Jin. A study of object-oriented approach for aeroengine performance simulation[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 1999, 14(4): 421-424, 455-456. (in Chinese)
[14]	周文祥. 航空发动机及控制系统建模与面向对象的仿真研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学,2006. ZHOU Wenxiang. Research on object-oriented modeling and simulation for aeroengine and control system[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2006. (in Chinese ZHOU Wenxiang. Research on object-oriented modeling and simulation for aeroengine and control system[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006. (in Chinese)
[15]	金中平. 辅助动力装置及其标准发展综述[J]. 航空标准化与质量,1998(4): 19-22. JIN Zhongping. Summary of auxiliary power plant and its standard development[J]. Aeronautic Standardization and Quality,1998(4): 19-22. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-6660.1998.04.005 JIN Zhongping. Summary of auxiliary power plant and its standard development[J]. Aeronautic Standardization and Quality, 1998(4): 19-22. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-6660.1998.04.005
[16]	李东杰. 辅助动力装置的应用现状和发展趋势[J]. 航空科学技术,2012,23(6): 7-10. LI Dongjie. Application status and development trend of auxiliary power unit[J]. Aeronautical Science & Technology,2012,23(6): 7-10. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-5453.2012.06.004 LI Dongjie. Application status and development trend of auxiliary power unit[J]. Aeronautical Science & Technology, 2012, 23(6): 7-10. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-5453.2012.06.004
[17]	朱之丽. 航空燃气涡轮发动机工作原理及性能[M]. 上海: 上海交通大学出版社,2014: 40-42. ZHU Zhili. Working principle and performance of aircraft gas turbine engines[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press,2014: 40-42. (in Chinese ZHU Zhili. Working principle and performance of aircraft gas turbine engines[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press, 2014: 40-42. (in Chinese)
[18]	王军,隋岩峰. 求解航空发动机数学模型的迭代算法及其改进算法的收敛性研究[J]. 系统仿真学报,2014,26(2): 310-314. WANG Jun,SUI Yanfeng. Study on convergence and improvement of iteration methods in aero-engine mathematical models[J]. Journal of System Simulation,2014,26(2): 310-314. (in Chinese WANG Jun, SUI Yanfeng. Study on convergence and improvement of iteration methods in aero-engine mathematical models[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2014, 26(2): 310-314. (in Chinese)
[19]	雷英杰,张善文,李续武,等. MATLAB遗传算法工具箱及应用[M]. 西安: 西安电子科技大学出版社,2005: 3-4. LEI Yingjie,ZHANG Shanwen,LI Xuwu,et al. MATLAB genetic algorithm toolbox and its application[M]. Xi’an: Xidian University Press,2005: 3-4. (in Chinese LEI Yingjie, ZHANG Shanwen, LI Xuwu, et al. MATLAB genetic algorithm toolbox and its application[M]. Xi’an: Xidian University Press, 2005: 3-4. (in Chinese)