发动机高温结构腐蚀损伤检测与评估方法研究进展

胡剑辉; 齐红宇; 李少林; 石多奇; 杨晓光

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220198

发动机高温结构腐蚀损伤检测与评估方法研究进展

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220198

胡剑辉^1,,
齐红宇^{1, 2},
李少林^{1, 2,*, ,},
石多奇^{1, 2},
杨晓光^{1, 2}

1.
北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院，北京 100191
2.
北京航空航天大学航空发动机结构强度北京市重点实验室，北京 100191

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（51975027）

详细信息

作者简介:
胡剑辉（1998-），男，硕士生，主要从事航空发动机高温结构强度研究

通讯作者:
李少林（1983-），副教授，博士，主要从事航空发动机高温结构强度研究。E-mail：lishaolin@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V263.5
计量
- 文章访问数: 697
- HTML浏览量: 284
- PDF量: 60
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-09
- 网络出版日期: 2024-06-21

Review progress on corrosion damage detection and evaluation methods of high-temperature structures of the aero-engine

HU Jianhui^1
,,
QI Hongyu^{1, 2},
LI Shaolin^{1, 2,*
, ,},
SHI Duoqi^{1, 2},
YANG Xiaoguang^{1, 2}

1.
School of Energy and Power Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
2.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Aero-Engine Structure and Strength，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China

摘要

摘要:
针对航空发动机高温结构无损检测问题，综述了其腐蚀损伤检测与评估方法研究进展。从检测机制、信号特征及技术的应用与研究等方面，重点介绍和比较了常用于Ⅰ型热腐蚀（均匀腐蚀）与Ⅱ型热腐蚀（点蚀）两种发动机高温结构中常见热腐蚀损伤的无损检测技术。归纳了已有的基于无损检测手段的强度评估方法。在对比几种检测技术的检测能力的基础上，阐述了无损检测应用于发动机高温结构腐蚀损伤检测的难点和未来发展方向。从现有研究现状来看，目前的无损检测技术难以对发动机高温结构腐蚀损伤的视情维护提供有力支撑。今后应重点在复杂结构的检测、更强检测能力的实现、多技术协调应用等方面开展研究，以提高对发动机高温结构腐蚀损伤的检测评估能力。
- 发动机高温结构 /
- 无损检测 /
- 强度评估 /
- 腐蚀损伤 /
- 检测能力
Abstract:
The research progress of corrosion damage detection and evaluation methods for aero-engine high-temperature structures was reviewed. The non-destructive testing technologies commonly applied to detect the type Ⅰ hot corrosion (uniform corrosion) and type Ⅱ hot corrosion (pitting corrosion) of high-temperature structures were mainly introduced, including the detection mechanism, signal characteristics, application and research. The advantages and limitations of these kinds of testing technologies were enumerated. The established strength evaluation methods based on non-destructive testing were also summarized. The detection capabilities of several testing techniques mentioned were compared, and the difficulties in applying non-destructive testing into corrosion damage detection of high-temperature structures were expounded. Results showed that the current non-destructive testing technologies could hardly provide favourable support for the condition-based maintenance of high-temperature structure corrosion damage of aero-engine. It is suggested to further investigate the detection technologies of complex structures, the realization of stronger detection capability and the coordinated application of multi-technology on structure corrosion of aero-engine.
- high-temperature structure of aero-engine /
- non-destructive testing /
- strength evaluation /
- corrosion damage /
- detection capability

HTML

图 1 腐蚀形貌示意图^[10]

Figure 1. Corrosion morphology of corrosion^[10]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 典型声发射信号^[31]

Figure 2. Typical acoustic emission signal^[31]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 超声导波A型显示信号^[40]

Figure 3. Type-A signal of ultrasonic guided wave^[40]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 超声导波C型显示信号^[41]

Figure 4. Type-C signal of ultrasonic guided wave^[41]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 超声非线性系数^[42]

Figure 5. Ultrasonic non-linearity coefficient^[42]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 管道均匀腐蚀有限元模型^[49]

Figure 6. Finite element model for general corrosion of pipeline^[49]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 3种缺陷信号的FFT输出^[53]

Figure 7. Output of FFT for three defects^[53]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 几种技术检测能力对比^{[32, 38, 44, 46, 77-78]}

Figure 8. Comparison of detection capability of several technologies^{[32, 38, 44, 46, 77-78]}

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 涡轮叶片点蚀坑形貌^[85]

Figure 9. Corrosion pit morphology of turbine blade^[85]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 几种技术腐蚀检测的优势与局限性

Table 1. Advantages and limitations of several techniques for corrosion detection

技术	不同方法	优势	局限
涡流检测	低频	无需耦合；有可用设备	仅限于导电材料	特殊深度
	多频	无需耦合；多深度		耗时
	脉冲	无需耦合；速度快、深度定位
超声检测	导波	覆盖区域大	需要耦合剂	低可再现性
	表面波	非常灵敏；简单		小区域；慢
	相控阵	可成像		复杂
光学检测	目视	覆盖区域大；简单快速；经济		不可靠
	孔探仪	覆盖区域大；尺寸精确		耗时
	增强目视	覆盖区域大；可提供图像		间接测量
声发射		灵敏度高	只适合溶液环境；可靠性低

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(86)

[1]	ELIAZ N,SHEMESH G,LATANISION R M. Hot corrosion in gas turbine components[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis,2002,9(1): 31-43. doi: 10.1016/S1350-6307(00)00035-2
[2]	李东海. 遄达1000发动机故障事件愈演愈烈[J]. 航空维修与工程,2018(6): 21-22. LI Donghai. New inspections and limits worsen Trent 1000 issues[J]. Aviation Maintenance & Engineering,2018(6): 21-22. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-0989.2018.06.004 LI Donghai. New inspections and limits worsen Trent 1000 issues[J]. Aviation Maintenance & Engineering, 2018(6): 21-22. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-0989.2018.06.004
[3]	陳光. 遄达1000几起严重故障带来的启示[J]. 航空动力,2018(1): 27-31. CHEN Guang. Lessons learned from Trent 1000’s serious faults[J]. Aerospace Power,2018(1): 27-31. (in Chinese CHEN Guang. Lessons learned from Trent 1000’s serious faults[J]. Aerospace Power, 2018(1): 27-31. (in Chinese)
[4]	PETROVIĆ Z C. Catastrophes caused by corrosion[J]. Military Technical Courier,2016,64(4): 1048-1064.
[5]	AAIA. Incident investigation final report[R]. Hong Kong: Air Accident Investigation Authority,2021.
[6]	JARDINE A K S,LIN Daming,BANJEVIC D. A review on machinery diagnostics and prognostics implementing condition-based maintenance[J]. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2006,20(7): 1483-1510. doi: 10.1016/j.ymssp.2005.09.012
[7]	POWRIE H E G,FISHER C E. Engine health monitoring: towards total prognostics[C]//1999 IEEE Aerospace Conference. Proceedings. Piscataway,US: IEEE,1999: 11-20.
[8]	BASTARD G,LACAILLE J,COUPARD J,et al. Engine health management in safran aircraft engines[C]// Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society 2016. Colorado: Prognostics and Health Management,2016: 1-8.
[9]	国家质量监督检验检疫总局. 金属和合金的腐蚀基本术语和定义: GB/T 10123—2001[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社,2004. General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China. Corrosion of metals and alloys—Basic terms and definitions: GB/T 10123—2001[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China,2004. (in Chinese General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China. Corrosion of metals and alloys—Basic terms and definitions: GB/T 10123—2001[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2004. (in Chinese)
[10]	孙跃,胡津. 金属腐蚀与控制[M]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2003. SUN Yue,HU Jin. Metal corrosion and control[M]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology Press,2003. (in Chinese SUN Yue, HU Jin. Metal corrosion and control[M]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology Press, 2003. (in Chinese)
[11]	SIMONS E L,BROWNING G V,LIEBHAFSKY H A. Sodium sulfate in gas turbines[J]. Corrosion,1955,11(12): 17-26. doi: 10.5006/0010-9312-11.12.17
[12]	BORNSTEIN N S,DECRESCENTE M A. Relation-ship between compounds of sodium and sulfur and sulfi-dation[J]. Transactions of the Metallurgical Society of Aime,1969,245(9): 1947-1952.
[13]	RAPP R A. Hot corrosion of materials: a fluxing mechanism?[J]. Corrosion Science,2002,44(2): 209-221. doi: 10.1016/S0010-938X(01)00057-9
[14]	LUTHRA K L. Low temperature hot corrosion of cobalt-base alloys: Part Ⅱ reaction mechanism[J]. Metallurgical Transactions A,1982,13(10): 1853-1864. doi: 10.1007/BF02647842
[15]	LUTHRA K L. Low temperature hot corrosion of cobalt-base alloys: parti. morphology of the reaction product[J]. Metallurgical Transactions A,1982,13(10): 1843-1852. doi: 10.1007/BF02647841
[16]	张允书,石声泰. 热腐蚀的电化学机理初探[J]. 腐蚀科学与防护技术,1993,5(1): 23-31. ZHANG Yunshu,SHI Shengtai. An electrochemical model proposed for hot corrosion mechanisms[J]. Corrosion Science and Protection Technology,1993,5(1): 23-31. (in Chinese ZHANG Yunshu, SHI Shengtai. An electrochemical model proposed for hot corrosion mechanisms[J]. Corrosion Science and Protection Technology, 1993, 5(1): 23-31. (in Chinese)
[17]	曾潮流. 高温热腐蚀的电化学评定[D]. 沈阳: 中国科学院金属腐蚀与防护研究所,1991. ZENG Chaoliu. Electrochemical evaluation of high temperature thermal corrosion[D]. Shenyang: Institute of Metal Corrosion and Protection,Chinese Academy of Sciences,1991. (in Chinese ZENG Chaoliu. Electrochemical evaluation of high temperature thermal corrosion[D]. Shenyang: Institute of Metal Corrosion and Protection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1991. (in Chinese)
[18]	徐健. 发动机叶片原位无损检测技术研究[D]. 辽宁大连: 大连理工大学,2016. XU Jian. Research on situ non-destructive testing technology of engine blade[D]. Dalian Liaoning: Dalian University of Technology,2016. (in Chinese XU Jian. Research on situ non-destructive testing technology of engine blade[D]. Dalian Liaoning: Dalian University of Technology, 2016. (in Chinese)
[19]	牟立颇. 压气机转子叶片的磁粉检测[J]. 无损检测,2014,36(8): 57-59. MOU Lipo. Magnetic particle testing of compressor rotor vanes[J]. Nondestructive Testing Technologying,2014,36(8): 57-59. (in Chinese MOU Lipo. Magnetic particle testing of compressor rotor vanes[J]. Nondestructive Testing Technologying, 2014, 36(8): 57-59. (in Chinese)
[20]	乔海燕,赵宏达,任学冬,等. 大型复杂结构钛合金机匣铸件的表面渗透检测[J]. 无损检测,2019,41(1): 9-13. QIAO Haiyan,ZHAO Hongda,REN Xuedong,et al. Surface penetrant testing of large complex structure titanium ally casing[J]. Nondestructive Testing Technologying,2019,41(1): 9-13. (in Chinese doi: 10.11973/wsjc201901003 QIAO Haiyan, ZHAO Hongda, REN Xuedong, et al. Surface penetrant testing of large complex structure titanium ally casing[J]. Nondestructive Testing Technologying, 2019, 41(1): 9-13. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11973/wsjc201901003
[21]	庄志强,陈琛,李玉龙,等. 大客发动机涡轮后机匣射线检测工艺及工装试验[J]. 无损检测,2015,37(9): 55-58. ZHUANG Zhiqiang,CHEN Chen,LI Yulong,et al. The technology and tooling experiment of the X-ray detection of the turbine rear casing of the engine of large passenger plane[J]. Nondestructive Testing Technologying,2015,37(9): 55-58. (in Chinese doi: 10.11973/wsjc201509014 ZHUANG Zhiqiang, CHEN Chen, LI Yulong, et al. The technology and tooling experiment of the X-ray detection of the turbine rear casing of the engine of large passenger plane[J]. Nondestructive Testing Technologying, 2015, 37(9): 55-58. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11973/wsjc201509014
[22]	黄选红. 孔探检测在航空发动机维护中的应用[J]. 机械,2009,36(8): 66-69,80. HUANG Xuanhong. Borescope and its application in aero engine maintenance[J]. Machinery,2009,36(8): 66-69,80. (in Chinese HUANG Xuanhong. Borescope and its application in aero engine maintenance[J]. Machinery, 2009, 36(8): 66-69, 80. (in Chinese)
[23]	安治永,李应红,梁华,等. 无损检测在航空维修中的应用[J]. 无损检测,2006,28(11): 598-601. AN Zhiyong,LI Yinghong,LIANG Hua,et al. Application of nondestructive testing in aviation maintenance[J]. Nondestructive Testing Technologying,2006,28(11): 598-601. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6656.2006.11.011 AN Zhiyong, LI Yinghong, LIANG Hua, et al. Application of nondestructive testing in aviation maintenance[J]. Nondestructive Testing Technologying, 2006, 28(11): 598-601. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6656.2006.11.011
[24]	李泽,王婵,董瑞琴. TC17整体叶盘无损探伤技术研究[C]// 陕西省第十届无损检测年会论文集. 西安,陕西: 陕西省机械工程学会,2006: 36-40,26.
[25]	田武刚,潘孟春,罗飞路,等. 某型航空发动机篦齿盘裂纹的原位涡流检测[J]. 测试技术学报,2008,22(3): 241-244. TIAN Wugang,PAN Mengchun,LUO Feilu,et al. In situ eddy current testing for the cracks in an aeroengine labyrinth disc[J]. Journal of Test and Measurement Technology,2008,22(3): 241-244. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-7449.2008.03.012 TIAN Wugang, PAN Mengchun, LUO Feilu, et al. In situ eddy current testing for the cracks in an aeroengine labyrinth disc[J]. Journal of Test and Measurement Technology, 2008, 22(3): 241-244. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-7449.2008.03.012
[26]	俞梦倩,吴伟,邬冠华,等. 航空发动机涡轮叶片DR 检测工艺参数优化[J]. 航空动力学报,2023,38(8): 1837-1845. YU Mengqian,WU Wei,WU Guanhua,et al. Optimization of DR testing process parameters for turbine blades in aero engines[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power,2023,38(8): 1837-1845. (in Chinese YU Mengqian, WU Wei, WU Guanhua, et al. Optimization of DR testing process parameters for turbine blades in aero engines[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2023, 38(8): 1837-1845. (in Chinese)
[27]	孙护国,霍武军. 航空发动机涡轮叶片的检测技术[J]. 航空发动机,2002,28(1): 23-25. SUN Huguo,HUO Wujun. Inspection technique for turbine blade in aeroengine[J]. Aeroengine,2002,28(1): 23-25. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-3147.2002.01.007 SUN Huguo, HUO Wujun. Inspection technique for turbine blade in aeroengine[J]. Aeroengine, 2002, 28(1): 23-25. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-3147.2002.01.007
[28]	ARORA A. Acoustic emission characterization of corrosion reactions in aluminum alloys[J]. Corrosion,1984,40(9): 459-465. doi: 10.5006/1.3577916
[29]	IDRISSI H,DERENNE J,MAZILLE H. Detection of pitting corrosion of aluminium alloys by acoustic emission technique[J]. Journal of Acoustic Emission,2000,18: 409-416.
[30]	FREGONESE M,IDRISSI H,MAZILLE H,et al. Initiation and propagation steps in pitting corrosion of austenitic stainless steels: monitoring by acoustic emission[J]. Corrosion Science,2001,43(4): 627-641. doi: 10.1016/S0010-938X(00)00099-8
[31]	WU Kaige,BYEON J W. Morphological estimation of pitting corrosion on vertically positioned 304 stainless steel using acoustic-emission duration parameter[J]. Corrosion Science,2019,148: 331-337. doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2018.12.031
[32]	WU Yunlong,NONG Jing,YUAN Sui,et al. Acoustic emission behaviour during the evolution of a single pit on stainless steels[J]. Corrosion Science,2021,183: 109308. doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109308
[33]	李伟. 低碳钢点蚀声学检测与信号处理技术研究[D]. 黑龙江大庆: 大庆石油大学,2006. LI Wei. Study on acoustics testing and signals analysis technology of pitting corrosion of low carbon steel[D]. Daqing Heilongjiang: Northeast Petroleum University,2006. (in Chinese LI Wei. Study on acoustics testing and signals analysis technology of pitting corrosion of low carbon steel[D]. Daqing Heilongjiang: Northeast Petroleum University, 2006. (in Chinese)
[34]	王光卿,毕海胜. 基于声发射的储罐底板钢点蚀特征[J]. 油气储运,2018,37(12): 1357-1362. WANG Guangqing,BI Haisheng. The pitting corrosion characteristics of tank bottom plate steel based on acoustic emission technology[J]. Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2018,37(12): 1357-1362. (in Chinese WANG Guangqing, BI Haisheng. The pitting corrosion characteristics of tank bottom plate steel based on acoustic emission technology[J]. Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation, 2018, 37(12): 1357-1362. (in Chinese)
[35]	TANG Junlei,LI Junyang,WANG Hu,et al. In-situ monitoring and analysis of the pitting corrosion of carbon steel by acoustic emission[J]. Applied Sciences,2019,9(4): 706. doi: 10.3390/app9040706
[36]	樊明亮,杨先明,王海涛,等. 脉冲涡流对奥氏体不锈钢腐蚀缺陷的检测[C]// 2013远东无损检测新技术论坛论文集. 济南: 特种设备检验研究院 ,2013: 217-221.
[37]	李鹏. 管道内壁腐蚀的脉冲涡流检测方法与实验研究[D]. 黑龙江大庆: 东北石油大学,2016. LI Peng. The pulsed eddy current testing method and research of pipeline inwall corrosion[D]. Daqing Heilongjiang: Northeast Petroleum University,2016. (in Chinese LI Peng. The pulsed eddy current testing method and research of pipeline inwall corrosion[D]. Daqing Heilongjiang: Northeast Petroleum University, 2016. (in Chinese)
[38]	YIN Liyuan,YE Bo,RODRIGUEZ S,et al. Detection of corrosion pits based on an analytically optimised eddy current sensor[J]. Insight-Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring,2018,60(10): 561-567. doi: 10.1784/insi.2018.60.10.561
[39]	陈雷. 非线性超声表面波无损表征304不锈钢的点蚀损伤[D]. 辽宁大连: 大连理工大学,2017. CHEN Lei. Nonlinear ultrasonic surface waves nondestructive characterization for pitting corrosion of 304 stainless steel[D]. Dalian Liaoning: Dalian University of Technology,2017. (in Chinese CHEN Lei. Nonlinear ultrasonic surface waves nondestructive characterization for pitting corrosion of 304 stainless steel[D]. Dalian Liaoning: Dalian University of Technology, 2017. (in Chinese)
[40]	SHIVARAJ K,BALASUBRAMANIAM K,KRISHNAMURTHY C V,et al. Ultrasonic circumferential guided wave for pitting-type corrosion imaging at inaccessible pipe-support locations[J]. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology,2008,130(2): 1.
[41]	蔡海潮. 管类构件超声导波理论及关键问题研究[D]. 北京: 北京理工大学,2016. CAI Haichao. Research on theory and key technologies of ultrasonics guided waves for pipe-like structures[D]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology,2016. (in Chinese CAI Haichao. Research on theory and key technologies of ultrasonics guided waves for pipe-like structures[D]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology, 2016. (in Chinese)
[42]	LI Ben,LIU Rong,ZHU Wujun,et al. Research on the interaction between surface laser-pit of Ni-based single crystal alloy and lamb wave under micro-conditions[J]. Applied Surface Science,2019,483: 840-848. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.03.308
[43]	吴斌,张也弛,郑阳,等. 超声导波有限元仿真中吸收边界设置及参数[J]. 北京工业大学学报,2013,39(12): 1777-1783. WU Bin,ZHANG Yechi,ZHENG Yang,et al. Modeling and parameters of absorbing boundary for ultrasonic-guided wave in FE simulation[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2013,39(12): 1777-1783. (in Chinese WU Bin, ZHANG Yechi, ZHENG Yang, et al. Modeling and parameters of absorbing boundary for ultrasonic-guided wave in FE simulation[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology, 2013, 39(12): 1777-1783. (in Chinese)
[44]	王腾腾. 基于非线性表面波的奥氏体不锈钢点蚀损伤的有限元模拟和实验研究[D]. 辽宁大连: 大连理工大学,2018. WANG Tengteng. Finite element simulation and experimental study on pitting corrosion damage of austenite stainless steel based on nonlinear surface wave[D]. Dalian Liaoning: Dalian University of Technology,2018. (in Chinese WANG Tengteng. Finite element simulation and experimental study on pitting corrosion damage of austenite stainless steel based on nonlinear surface wave[D]. Dalian Liaoning: Dalian University of Technology, 2018. (in Chinese)
[45]	王晓娟,秦晨,刘君. 管道点蚀检测的导波仿真优化研究[J]. 仪器仪表学报,2019,40(1): 166-174. WANG Xiaojuan,QIN Chen,LIU Jun. Study on the simulation optimization of guided wavesfor the inspection of the pitting in pipeline[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2019,40(1): 166-174. (in Chinese WANG Xiaojuan, QIN Chen, LIU Jun. Study on the simulation optimization of guided wavesfor the inspection of the pitting in pipeline[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2019, 40(1): 166-174. (in Chinese)
[46]	JIRARUNGSATIAN C,PRATEEPASEN A. Pitting and uniform corrosion source recognition using acoustic emission parameters[J]. Corrosion Science,2010,52(1): 187-197. doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2009.09.001
[47]	李伟,王少凡,李颖,等. 低碳钢腐蚀声发射检测实验研究[J]. 化工机械,2012,39(6): 714-717,787. LI Wei,WANG Shaofan,LI Ying,et al. Experimental study on acoustic emission detection of low carbon steel corrosion[J]. Chemical Engineering & Machinery,2012,39(6): 714-717,787. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0254-6094.2012.06.008 LI Wei, WANG Shaofan, LI Ying, et al. Experimental study on acoustic emission detection of low carbon steel corrosion[J]. Chemical Engineering & Machinery, 2012, 39(6): 714-717, 787. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0254-6094.2012.06.008
[48]	张春辉. Q235钢均匀腐蚀声发射监测实验研究[D]. 黑龙江大庆: 东北石油大学,2012. ZHANG Chunhui. Research on the uniform corrosion of Q235Steel by acoustic emission monitoring experimental[D]. Daqing Heilongjiang: Northeast Petroleum University,2012. (in Chinese ZHANG Chunhui. Research on the uniform corrosion of Q235Steel by acoustic emission monitoring experimental[D]. Daqing Heilongjiang: Northeast Petroleum University, 2012. (in Chinese)
[49]	YANG S K,LEE P H,CHENG J W. Evaluation of general corrosion on pipes using the guided wave technique[J]. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers,2016,39(4): 418-428. doi: 10.1080/02533839.2016.1159804
[50]	SHIM H S,CHOI M S,LEE D H,et al. A prediction method for the general corrosion behavior of Alloy 690 steam generator tube using eddy current testing[J]. Nuclear Engineering and Design,2016,297: 26-31. doi: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2015.11.015
[51]	SHEIKH M F,KAMAL K,RAFIQUE F,et al. Corrosion detection and severity level prediction using acoustic emission and machine learning based approach[J]. Ain Shams Engineering Journal,2021,12(4): 3891-3903. doi: 10.1016/j.asej.2021.03.024
[52]	VAN DIJCK G,WEVERS M,VAN HULLE M M. Wavelet packet decomposition for the identification of corrosion type from acoustic emission signals[J]. International Journal of Wavelets,Multiresolution and Information Processing,2009,7(4): 513-534. doi: 10.1142/S0219691309003069
[53]	GHODSI M,ZIAIEFAR H,AMIRYAN M,et al. Lamb wave feature extraction using discrete wavelet transformation and principal component analysis[C]//SPIE Proceedings","Nondestructive Characterization and Monitoring of Advanced Materials,Aerospace,and Civil Infrastructure 2016. Las Vegas: SPIE,2016,9804: 1-12.
[54]	DENG Fei,LI Shuqing,ZHANG Xiran,et al. An intelligence method for recognizing multiple defects in rail[J]. Sensors,2021,21(23): 8108. doi: 10.3390/s21238108
[55]	禹化民. Q235钢板腐蚀缺陷超声Lamb波检测研究[D]. 天津: 天津大学,2014. YU Huamin. Research on ultrasonic lamb wave detection of Q235 steel plate corrosion defects[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University,2014. (in Chinese YU Huamin. Research on ultrasonic lamb wave detection of Q235 steel plate corrosion defects[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2014. (in Chinese)
[56]	LIU Hongwei,ZHANG Lei,LIU Hong,et al. High-frequency ultrasonic methods for determining corrosion layer thickness of hollow metallic components[J]. Ultrasonics,2018,89: 166-172. doi: 10.1016/j.ultras.2018.05.006
[57]	RAO Jing,RATASSEPP M,LISEVYCH D,et al. On-line corrosion monitoring of plate structures based on guided wave tomography using piezoelectric sensors[J]. Sensors,2017,17(12): 2882. doi: 10.3390/s17122882
[58]	尹丽媛. 基于涡流检测技术的缺陷识别研究[D]. 昆明: 昆明理工大学,2019. YIN Liyuan. Research on defect identification based on eddy current testing technology[D]. Kunming: Kunming University of Science and Technology,2019. (in Chinese YIN Liyuan. Research on defect identification based on eddy current testing technology[D]. Kunming: Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2019. (in Chinese)
[59]	YIN Liyuan,YE Bo,ZHANG Zhaolin,et al. A novel feature extraction method of eddy current testing for defect detection based on machine learning[J]. NDT & E International,2019,107: 102108.
[60]	王鑫,付跃文. 铁磁性平板构件腐蚀缺陷的脉冲涡流检测[J]. 失效分析与预防,2018,13(6): 358-361,372. WANG Xin,FU Yuewen. Pulsed eddy current testing of corrosion defects in ferromagnetic plate specimen[J]. Failure Analysis and Prevention,2018,13(6): 358-361,372. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-6214.2018.06.005 WANG Xin, FU Yuewen. Pulsed eddy current testing of corrosion defects in ferromagnetic plate specimen[J]. Failure Analysis and Prevention, 2018, 13(6): 358-361, 372. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-6214.2018.06.005
[61]	HOSSEINI S,LAKIS A A. Application of time–frequency analysis for automatic hidden corrosion detection in a multilayer aluminum structure using pulsed eddy current[J]. NDT & E International,2012,47: 70-79.
[62]	王宗炼,任会兰,宁建国. 基于小波变换降噪的声发射源定位方法[J]. 振动与冲击,2018,37(4): 226-232,248. WANG Zonglian,REN Huilan,NING Jianguo. Acoustic emission source location based on wavelet transform de-noising[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock,2018,37(4): 226-232,248. (in Chinese WANG Zonglian, REN Huilan, NING Jianguo. Acoustic emission source location based on wavelet transform de-noising[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2018, 37(4): 226-232, 248. (in Chinese)
[63]	汪国华. 基于声发射技术的结构损伤定位方法综述[J]. 工程与建设,2020,34(6): 1115-1118. WANG Guohua. A review of structural damage localization methods based on acoustic emission technology[J]. Engineering and Construction,2020,34(6): 1115-1118. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5781.2020.06.033 WANG Guohua. A review of structural damage localization methods based on acoustic emission technology[J]. Engineering and Construction, 2020, 34(6): 1115-1118. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5781.2020.06.033
[64]	沈玉娣. 现代无损检测技术[M]. 西安: 西安交通大学出版社,2012. SHEN Yudi. Modern nondestructive testing technology[M]. Xi’an: Xi’an Jiaotong University Press,2012. (in Chinese SHEN Yudi. Modern nondestructive testing technology[M]. Xi’an: Xi’an Jiaotong University Press, 2012. (in Chinese)
[65]	VAVILOV V P. Non-contact one-sided evaluation of hidden corrosion in metallic constructions by using transient infrared thermography[J]. Revista De Metalurgia,2003,39: 235-242. doi: 10.3989/revmetalm.2003.v39.iExtra.1125
[66]	TRUELL R,HIKATA A. Fatigue in 2s aluminum as observed by ultrasonic attenuation methods[R]. Providence,US: Metals Research Laboratory,Brown University,1956.
[67]	JOSHI N R,GREEN R E Jr. Ultrasonic detection of fatigue damage[J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics,1972,4(3): 577-583. doi: 10.1016/0013-7944(72)90067-7
[68]	BIRT E A,NELSON L J,BROWN K,et al. Correlation of fatigue life with potential NDE corrosion metrics[J]. Insight-Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring,2007,49(7): 402-408. doi: 10.1784/insi.2007.49.7.402
[69]	阎红娟. 金属构件疲劳损伤非线性超声检测方法研究[D]. 北京: 北京理工大学,2015. YAN Hongjuan. Research on nonlinear ultrasonic testing of the fatigue damage in metallic components[D]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology,2015. (in Chinese YAN Hongjuan. Research on nonlinear ultrasonic testing of the fatigue damage in metallic components[D]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology, 2015. (in Chinese)
[70]	SHELL E. Correlation of residual fatigue life with quantified NDE measurements[J]. International Journal of Fatigue,2005,27(2): 105-112. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2004.06.007
[71]	CARSON J M. An ultrasonic non-destructive test procedure for the early detection of fatigue damage and the prediction of remaining life[D]. Philadelphia: Drexel University,1978.
[72]	IBEKWE E C. Neural network fatigue life pre-diction in 7075-t6 aluminum from acoustic emission data[D]. Daytona Beach,US: Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University,2004.
[73]	SPIVEY N S. Prediction of fatigue life in 7075-t6 aluminum from neural network analysis of acoustic emission data[D]. Daytona Beach: Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University,2007.
[74]	OKUR M Afir. Neural network fatigue life prediction in notched aluminum specimens from acoustic emission data[D]. Daytona Beach: Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University,2010.
[75]	朱旭程,侯志强,张海峰. 桨叶结构裂纹损伤检测和剩余寿命评估方法[J]. 海军航空工程学院学报,2010,25(5): 496-500. ZHU Xucheng,HOU Zhiqiang,ZHANG Haifeng. Damage detection and residual life assessment of helicopter blade[J]. Journal of Naval Aeronautical and Astronautical University,2010,25(5): 496-500. (in Chinese ZHU Xucheng, HOU Zhiqiang, ZHANG Haifeng. Damage detection and residual life assessment of helicopter blade[J]. Journal of Naval Aeronautical and Astronautical University, 2010, 25(5): 496-500. (in Chinese)
[76]	程兴. 基于综合检测的埋地燃气管道腐蚀剩余寿命预测研究[D]. 广州: 华南理工大学,2016. CHENG Xing. The research of corrosion residual life prediction for buried gas pipeline based on comprehensive inspection[D]. Guangzhou: South China University of Technology,2016. (in Chinese CHENG Xing. The research of corrosion residual life prediction for buried gas pipeline based on comprehensive inspection[D]. Guangzhou: South China University of Technology, 2016. (in Chinese)
[77]	KONG Y,BENNETT C J,HYDE C J. A review of non-destructive testing techniques for the in-situ investigation of fretting fatigue cracks[J]. Materials & Design,2020,196: 109093.
[78]	LARROSA N O,AKID R,AINSWORTH R A. Corrosion-fatigue: a review of damage tolerance models[J]. International Materials Reviews,2018,63(5): 283-308. doi: 10.1080/09506608.2017.1375644
[79]	吴思源,周晓军,杨辰龙,等. 复杂形状航空锻件超声检测技术研究[J]. 机床与液压,2006,34(5): 149-152. WU Siyuan,ZHOU Xiaojun,YANG Chenlong,et al. Research of ultrasonic inspection for complex form aircraft forging component[J]. Machine Tool & Hydraulics,2006,34(5): 149-152. (in Chinese doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3881.2006.05.054 WU Siyuan, ZHOU Xiaojun, YANG Chenlong, et al. Research of ultrasonic inspection for complex form aircraft forging component[J]. Machine Tool & Hydraulics, 2006, 34(5): 149-152. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3881.2006.05.054
[80]	MAHAUT S,ROY O,BERONI C,et al. Development of phased array techniques to improve characterization of defect located in a component of complex geometry[J]. Ultrasonics,2002,40(1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8): 165-169.
[81]	CHATILLON S,CATTIAUX G,SERRE M,et al. Ultrasonic non-destructive testing of pieces of complex geometry with a flexible phased array transducer[J]. Ultrasonics,2000,38(1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8): 131-134.
[82]	白小宝,孙建罡,江运喜. 材料各向异性对超声检测的影响[C]// 2014远东无损检测新技术论坛论文集. 成都,2014: 93-97.
[83]	GUO Yanming. Effects of material microstructure and surface geometry on ultrasonic scattering and flaw detec-tion[D]. Ames: Iowa State University,2003.
[84]	PUTKIS O,DALTON R P,CROXFORD A J. The anisotropic propagation of ultrasonic guided waves in composite materials and implications for practical applications[J]. Ultrasonics,2016,65: 390-399. doi: 10.1016/j.ultras.2014.11.013
[85]	WANG Rui,LIU Zhihong,WU Jiefeng,et al. Research on phased array ultrasonic testing on CFETR vacuum vessel welding[J]. Fusion Engineering and Design,2019,139: 124-127. doi: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2019.01.050
[86]	PRIDEMORE W D. Metallurgical evaluation of stage one HPT blades and additional hardware from CF6-80C2 ESN 704-893 operated by atlas air involved in undercowl fire event: ENG-03-IA-002[R]. Washington: National Transportation Safety Board,2003.