高参数贯通式袋型阻尼密封动力特性

赵琳慧; 张万福; 周庆辉; 张乃丹; 李春

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220213

高参数贯通式袋型阻尼密封动力特性

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220213

上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院，上海 200093

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（51875361）；上海市自然科学基金（20ZR1439200）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵琳慧（1997-），女，硕士生，主要研究领域为透平机械密封动力学

通讯作者:
张万福（1986-），男，教授、博士生导师，博士，主要研究领域为转子动力学与密封动力学。E-mail：wfzhang@usst.edu.cn

中图分类号: V233.5
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-15
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-07

Dynamic characteristics of fully-partitioned pocket damper seal working with high parameters

School of Energy and Power Engineering， University of Shanghai for Science and Technology，Shanghai 200093，China

摘要

摘要:
采用计算流体力学方法建立贯通式袋型阻尼密封（FPDS）三维数值计算模型，基于多频椭圆涡动轨迹的密封动力特性求解方法研究了高进口压力、转速及预旋比对FPDS动力特性的影响。结果表明：保持进口压力为7 MPa不变，随压比的增加，有效阻尼增加，穿越频率逐渐减小；压比为7时，有效阻尼随进口压力增加而急剧增大，进口压力为7 MPa时有效阻尼约为进口压力为0.69 MPa的10.26倍，系统稳定性增强显著。当转子转速为25 000 r/min时，较转速为5 000 r/min，穿越频率可增加约62.2 Hz，有效阻尼约降低28.5%，交叉刚度增长约6.94倍，高转速严重影响系统稳定，但转速增大有利于在腔室内形成旋涡，降低密封泄漏。当预旋比为0时，系统最稳定，当增加到预旋比为0.8，交叉刚度约增长4.84倍，穿越频率约增加24.9 Hz，有效阻尼下降，导致系统稳定性降低。
- 贯通式袋型阻尼密封 /
- 计算流体力学 /
- 有效阻尼 /
- 动力特性 /
- 稳定性
Abstract:
The three-dimensional numerical model of fully-partitioned pocket damper seal （FPDS）was estab-lished by computational fluid dynamics method. The effects of high inlet pressure, rotational speed and preswirl ratio on the dynamic characteristics of FPDS were studied based on multiple-frequencies elliptic whirling orbits. Results showed that keeping the inlet pressure 7 MPa, the effective damping increased and the crossover frequency decreased with the increasing pressure ratio. For pressure ratio 7, the effective damping increased sharply with the increasing inlet pressure. For inlet pressure 7 MPa, the effective damping was about 10.26 times that of inlet pressure 0.69 MPa, and the system stability was enhanced. Compared with the rotor rotational speed 5 000 r/min, the crossover frequency increased by about 62.2 Hz for rotor rotational speed 25 000 r/min, the effective damping decreased by about 28.5%, and the cross-coupled stiffness increased by about 6.94 times. However, the increase of rotational speed caused vortex in the cavity, which was conducive to reducing the leakage flowrate. The system stability performed best for the preswirl ratio 0. When preswirl ratio increased to 0.8, the cross-coupled stiffness increased by about 4.84 times, and the crossover frequency increased by 24.9 Hz. The effective damping decreased, resulting in the decrease of system stability.
- fully-partitioned pocket damper seal /
- computational fluid dynamics /
- effective damping /
- dynamic characteristics /
- stability

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图 1 转子椭圆涡动轨迹模型

Figure 1. Elliptical whirling orbits of the rotor

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图 2 FPDS几何模型

Figure 2. Geometry model of the FPDS

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图 3 FPDS网格分布

Figure 3. Grid distribution of the FPDS

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图 4 网格无关性验证

Figure 4. Grid independent verification

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图 5 数值计算与实验结果对比

Figure 5. Comparison of experimental results and CFD results

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图 6 FPDS各腔室动力特性系数随涡动频率的变化

Figure 6. Dynamic characteristic coefficient varying with whirling frequency of each cavity in FPDS

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图 7 FPDS沿流动方向流场特性

Figure 7. Flow field characteristics of the FPDS

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图 8 不同压比下FPDS动力特性系数随涡动频率变化

Figure 8. Dynamic characteristic coefficient varying with whirling frequency at different pressure ratios

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图 9 不同压比下各腔室穿越频率

Figure 9. Crossover frequency in each cavity at different pressure ratios

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图 10 不同压比下密封下游速度矢量变化（n=15000 r/min, λ=0）

Figure 10. Velocity vector variation of seal downstream at different pressure ratios （n=15000 r/min, λ=0）

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图 11 不同转速FPDS动力特性系数随涡动频率变化

Figure 11. Rotordynamic coefficients varying with whirling frequency of FPDS at different rotational speeds

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图 12 不同转速下各腔室穿越频率

Figure 12. Crossover frequency of each cavity at different rotational speeds

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图 13 不同转速下腔室内周向速度沿径向高度分布

Figure 13. Circumferential velocity distribution along radial height at different rotational speeds

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图 14 不同预旋比下FPDS动力特性系数随涡动频率变化

Figure 14. Rotordynamic coefficientsvarying with whirling frequency at different inlet preswirl ratios

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图 15 不同预旋下FPDS穿越频率

Figure 15. Crossover frequency of the FPDS atdifferent inlet preswirl ratios

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图 16 不同预旋下各腔室穿越频率

Figure 16. Crossover frequency of each cavity atdifferent inlet preswirl ratios

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图 17 不同进口预旋比下沿轴向的周向速度分布

Figure 17. Circumferential velocity changes along the axial length at different inlet preswirl ratios

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图 18 不同预旋比下FPDS压力场分布

Figure 18. Pressure distribution of FPDS at different inlet preswirl ratios

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表 1 FPDS几何尺寸

Table 1. Dimensions of the FPDS

参数	数值
密封长度L/mm	100.33
转子直径D/mm	170
密封间隙δ/mm	0.3
挡板厚度t₁/mm	3.175
齿数N₁	8
齿厚t₂/mm	3.175
挡板数N₂	8
主腔室长度l₁/mm	13.97
副腔室长度l₂/mm	6.35
腔室深度h/mm	3.175

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表 2 计算工况参数

Table 2. Calculation condition parameters

计算工况	参数设置
工质	空气（理想气体）
湍流模型	k-ε
壁面属性	绝热, 光滑
入口温度T/K	287
时间步长/s	0.0001
涡动频率 f /Hz	20, 40, … , 260, 280
进口压力 p_in/MPa	0.69, 7
出口压力 p_out/M Pa	0.1, 0.241 5,0.345, 1.05, 2.45, 3.5
压比 π	7, 3, 2
进口预旋比λ	0, 0.3, 0.4, 0.7, 0.8
转速 n/10³ （r/min）	5, 10, 15, 20, 25
涡动轨迹	椭圆

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