不同雾化特性下燃烧室贫油熄火特性试验

王惜伟; 黄勇; 刘云峰; 邬雨帆; 王洪妍

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220286

不同雾化特性下燃烧室贫油熄火特性试验

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220286

王惜伟^{1, 2, 3},
黄勇^{1, 2, 3,*, ,},
刘云峰^{1, 2, 3},
邬雨帆^{1, 2, 3},
王洪妍^{1, 2, 3}

1.
北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院，北京 100191
2.
北京航空航天大学航空发动机气动热力国家级重点实验室，北京 100191
3.
先进航空发动机协同创新中心，北京 100191

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项（2017-Ⅲ-0007-0032）；重点实验室基金（6142702180306）

详细信息

作者简介:
王惜伟（1995-），男，博士生，主要从事航空发动机贫油点熄火机理研究

通讯作者:
黄勇（1964-），男，教授、博士生导师，博士，主要从事燃油雾化及燃烧室点熄火机理研究。E-mail: yhuang@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-30
- 网络出版日期: 2022-09-15

Experiment on lean blow-out performance of combustors with different atomization characteristics

WANG Xiwei^{1, 2, 3},
HUANG Yong^{1, 2, 3,*
, ,},
LIU Yunfeng^{1, 2, 3},
WU Yufan^{1, 2, 3},
WANG Hongyan^{1, 2, 3}

1.
School of Energy and Power Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
2.
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero-Engine Aero-thermodynamics， Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
3.
Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Aero-Engine，Beijing 100191，China

摘要

摘要:
为了研究雾化特性对贫油熄火性能的影响，对喷雾火焰进行了试验研究。在双轴向和双径向旋流器燃烧室中，分别测量了不同喷嘴的熄火极限和出口温度，并估算了燃烧效率。结果表明：①不同结构和喷嘴的燃烧室熄火性能有很大差异，双径向燃烧室的熄火性能普遍优于双轴向；②雾化特性中的索太尔平均直径、液滴速度、喷雾空间分布等参数都影响着贫油熄火极限，仅靠索太尔平均直径无法代表所有雾化特性对贫油熄火性能的影响；③空心喷雾使得火焰根部远离回流区，实心喷雾使得火焰根部集中在回流区；④不同雾化特性的燃烧室在接近贫油熄火时的燃烧效率和出口温度有很大不同。熄火时的出口温度代表了理想的贫油熄火极限。燃烧效率反映了燃烧室实际贫油熄火极限与理想熄火极限之间的差距。
- 雾化特性 /
- 旋流稳定燃烧室 /
- 贫油熄火 /
- 燃烧效率 /
- 出口温升
Abstract:
In order to investigate the effects of atomization characteristics on the lean blow-out (LBO) performance, an experimental study was carried out on the spray and the combustion. The LBO limits and outlet temperatures near the LBO condition of different atomizers were measured and the combustion efficiency was estimated in a single dome rectangular model combustor with a dual-radial and a dual-axial swirl cup, respectively. The results showed that, （1） the LBO performance of the combustors with different structures and atomizers was very different. The LBO performance of the dual-radial combustors was generally better than that of the dual-axial combustors. （2）There was no obvious correlation between spray Sauter mean diameter （SMD）and LBO limit, and SMD alone cannot represent the influence of all atomization characteristics on LBO performance. （3）The hollow spray kept the flame base away from the recirculation zone, and the solid spray kept the flame base concentrated in the recirculation zone. （4）The combustion efficiency and outlet temperature of combustors with different atomization characteristics were very different near the LBO. The outlet temperature at LBO represented the ideal LBO limit. The combustion efficiency reflected the difference between the actual LBO limit and the ideal LBO limit.
- atomization characteristics /
- swirl-stabilized combustor /
- lean blow-out /
- combustion efficiency /
- outlet temperature rise

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图 1 熄火试验系统及测量系统示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the blow-out test system and diagnostic system

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图 2 双轴向/双径向旋流杯结构示意图

Figure 2. Configuration of dual-axial/dual-radial domes

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图 3 马尔文粒度分析仪

Figure 3. Malvern spray analyzer

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图 4 相同空气流量下的LBO性能

Figure 4. LBO conditions at constant mass flow rate of air

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图 5 LBO工况下的油气比和SMD

Figure 5. Fuel air ratio and SMD at LBO conditions

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图 6 喷雾图像处理过程

Figure 6. Processing of spray images

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图 7 双轴向燃烧室接近LBO极限时的液滴空间分布

Figure 7. Spray droplet spatial distributions of dual-axial combustors near the LBO limits

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图 8 双径向燃烧室接近LBO极限时的液滴空间分布

Figure 8. Spray droplet spatial distributions of dual-radial combustors near the LBO limits

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图 9 接近LBO极限时的双轴向与双径向火焰形态对比

Figure 9. Comparisons of flame pattern in the case of dual-axial and dual-radial near LBO limits

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图 10 双轴向与双径向燃烧室火焰稳定根部示意图

Figure 10. Schematic of flame stabilization base for dual-axial and dual-radial combustors

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图 11 LBO工况下的油气比与出口温度

Figure 11. Fuel air ratio and outlet temperature at LBO conditions

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图 12 LBO工况下的油气比与燃烧效率

Figure 12. Fuel air ratio and combustion efficiency at LBO conditions

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图 13 LBO性能与燃烧效率的关系

Figure 13. Relationship between LBO performance and combustion efficiency

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图 14 雾化特性对LBO性能影响示意图

Figure 14. Schematic of effect of atomization on LBO performance

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表 1 燃烧室编号

Table 1. Combustor number

燃烧室编号	旋流器	喷嘴序号
A1	双轴向	1
A2	双轴向	2
A3	双轴向	3
A4	双轴向	4
A5	双轴向	5
A8	双轴向	8
R1	双径向	1
R6	双径向	6
R7	双径向	7
R8	双径向	8
R9	双径向	9

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表 2 燃烧室详细尺寸参数

Table 2. Detailed configuration parameters of the combustors

部件	参数	双轴向旋流杯		参数	双径向旋流杯
部件	参数	一级旋流器	二级旋流器	参数	一级旋流器	二级旋流器
旋流器	D_out/mm	26	34.5	B/mm	5.1	7
	D_in/mm	19	28	θ_b/（°）	64	70
	θ_b/（°）	40	45	δ/mm	1.2	1.2
	δ/mm	1	1	R/mm	12.5	15
	A_e/mm²	147.5	186.6	A_e/mm²	146.7	190.7
	n	12	12	n	12	12
	S_n	0.992	1.126	S_n	1.09	1.25
文氏管	d/mm	18.5		d/mm	13
套筒	θ/（°）	45		θ/（°）	45

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表 3 试验所用喷嘴

Table 3. Atomizer used in the experiment

喷嘴序号	参考体积流量/ （USgal/h）	参考喷雾锥角/ （°）	形态
1	2.00	80	实心
2	2.50	80	实心
3	3.00	45	实心
4	3.00	80	实心
5	3.50	45	实心
6	3.50	60	实心
7	4.00	60	实心
8	4.50	60	实心
9	5.00	60	实心

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表 4 不同燃烧室平均LBO极限和方均根误差

Table 4. Average LBO limits and RMS errors of different combustors

燃烧室编号	熄火时喷嘴压力降/kPa	q_lbo	q_lbo方均根误差
A1	345.9	0.011409	0.000096
A2	309.6	0.014029	0.000102
A3	222.3	0.014058	0.000062
A4	202.7	0.013325	0.000057
A5	174.0	0.014541	0.000053
A8	192.2	0.022234	0.000082
R1	144.8	0.007403	0.000107
R6	50.4	0.007925	0.000057
R7	44.0	0.008005	0.000076
R8	43.1	0.010612	0.000049
R9	34.9	0.010438	0.000108

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