Sensitivity analysis and optimal design of impingement/effusion cooling structural parameters considering thermal stress
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摘要:
针对涡轮叶片高效冷却和安全可靠的发展要求,基于代理模型的优化方法,对冲击发散冷却典型结构参数气膜孔倾斜角、气膜平板高度、冲击距、气膜孔与冲击孔孔间距、孔径比对冷却结构综合冷却效率和最大热应力特性进行敏感性因素分析,并以最大化冷效、同时提高冷效并降低最大热应力两种优化方案进行优化。研究结果表明:高热应力区域出现在气膜孔附近,气膜孔倾斜角是影响综合冷效及最大热应力的主要影响因素。综合冷却效率和最大热应力两个优化目标存在竞争关系。通过多目标结构优化,冲击发散冷却结构综合冷效提高2.9%,最大热应力降低12.5%。
Abstract:According to the development requirements of efficient cooling and safety and reliability of turbine blades, based on the surrogate model, the sensitivity analysis of the typical structural parameters of the impingement/effusion cooling structure such as injection angle, film plate thickness, impingement distance, spacing distance and diameter ratio of the film and impingement holes, affecting overall cooling effectiveness and maximum thermal stress was performed. Two optimization schemes, maximizing overall cooling effectiveness and simultaneously increasing overall cooling effectiveness and reducing maximum thermal stress, were realized. Results showed that the high thermal stress region appeared near the film cooling holes; the injection angle is the main factor affecting the cooling effectiveness and maximum thermal stress. There was a competitive relationship between the two optimization objectives. The overall cooling effectiveness was increased by 2.9%, and the maximum thermal stress was reduced by 12.5% through multi-objective optimization method.
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表 1 设计变量取值范围
Table 1. Limit of design variables
几何参数 参数范围 基础结构值 气膜孔倾角α/(°) 30~60 30 气膜平板高度Hf/D 1~3 2 冲击距离Hi/D 1~3 1.5 孔间距P/D 0~6 5 孔径比Di/D 0.8~1.2 1 表 2 基础结构和优化结构结果对比
Table 2. Results comparison of basic structure and optimized structure
结构 α Hf/D Hi/D P/D Di/D $\overline{\overline \phi } $ ${\sigma _{{\text{max}}}}$ Base 30 2 1.5 5 1 0.5736 63.0 OPT_A 30.03 2.25 2.02 2.35 0.80 0.5956 68.2 OPT_B 30.74 1.71 1.89 4.57 0.80 0.5901 55.1 表 3 代理模型与数值计算结果对比误差
Table 3. Error in surrogate model predictions compared to numerical results
结构 $\overline{\overline \phi }_{{{ {\text{Kriging} } } } }$ $\overline{\overline \phi } _{ {\text{NC} } }$ $\overline{\overline \phi } $
误差/%${\sigma _{{\text{Kriging}}}}$ ${\sigma _{{\text{NC}}}}$ $\sigma $
误差/%Base 0.5736 0.5729 0.12 63.03 59.58 5.79 OPT_A 0.5956 0.5943 0.22 68.25 66.79 2.18 OPT_B 0.5901 0.5887 0.24 55.16 52.84 4.39 -
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