Shape optimization and mechanism of transverse groove for drag reduction based on genetic algorithm
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摘要:
针对二维横向减阻沟槽的形状优化问题,提出了基于自由变形技术及遗传算法的优化方法。以三角形为初始减阻沟槽截面外形,基于自由变形技术对沟槽外形进行几何参数化。通过流场求解对沟槽壁面阻力进行计算,以沟槽壁面的流向气动阻力最小化为优化目标,以遗传算法为优化算法,对沟槽外形进行气动减阻优化。优化结果表明:在来流马赫数为0.8时,优化后的沟槽外形相比于初始的三角形沟槽壁面,减阻率从6.4%增加至10.1%。优化方法表明,自由变形方法结合遗传算法可以为减阻沟槽形状优化提供更大的设计空间,为减阻沟槽形状的优化设计提供了新的设计方法。
Abstract:An optimization approach based on free-form deformation technology and genetic algorithm was proposed for the shape optimization of two-dimensional transverse groove for drag reduction. The triangle was employed as the origin groove section, which was geometrically parameterized based on free-form deformation. The minimum groove drag force calculated by flow field simulation was used as optimization goal, while the genetic algorithm was adopted as the optimization method. The optimization results illustrated that the drag reduction rate of the optimized groove was improved from 6.4% to 10.1% at 0.8 Mach, compared with the origin triangular groove. The optimization approach indicated that the free-form deformation method and genetic algorithm can expand the design space for shape optimization of the drag reduction groove. The present work demonstrates a new approach for shape optimization of groove.
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表 1 沟槽壁面减阻效果对比
Table 1. Comparison of the groove drag reduction
壁面
类型压差
阻力/N黏性
阻力/N总阻力/N 减阻率/% 光滑
平板0 0.1542 0.1542 三角形
沟槽单元0.0250 0.1193 0.1443 6.4 优化后的
沟槽单元0.0246 0.1140 0.1386 10.1 -
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