Analysis and verification of aerodynamic efficiency and torque reduction effect of ducted propeller stator
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摘要:
桨后定子是影响涵道螺旋桨推进效率、转矩抵消和桨后滑流整流效应的重要部件之一，为研究桨后定子对气动推进增效、消旋及桨后滑流整流效应的桨后定子构型气动综合设计和参数影响机理，采用CFD数值模拟和风洞试验验证相结合的研究手段，重点开展了考虑涵道、桨叶、定子与发动机短舱等多部件复杂干扰下的涵道桨桨后定子构型典型气动布局形式和参数影响机理研究，从定子叶片径向站位型面外形弯度大小、桨叶扭转角和弦长分布等方面，阐释了4种典型定子构型布局形式对推进效率提升、转矩抵消、滑流整流效应等的影响关系。研究表明：良好的定子构型能够使涵道桨推力提升1%～3%；同时，使涵道桨装置的总转矩值抵消约94.5%。
Abstract:The stator is one of the important components which affect the propulsion efficiency, torque reduction and propeller slipstream rectification, In order to study the mechanism of aerodynamic comprehensive design and parameter influence of stator configuration on aerodynamic propulsion efficiency, de-rotation and paddle slipstream rectification effect of stator. this paper adopts a combination of CFD simulation and wind tunnel test, under the complex interferences of the ducted, the blade, the stator and the engine nacelle, the typical aerodynamic configurations and the parameter influence mechanism on the configuration of the stator were studied; from the aspects of the stator airfoil, the torsion angle and the chord length distribution of stator, the influences of four typical stator configurations on the propulsion efficiency, torque reduction and the influence of slipstream rectification were analyzed. The results showed that a good stator configuration can increase the propulsion efficiency of the ducted propeller by 1%—3% , and offset the total torque of the ducted propeller by about 94.5% .
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图 4 有/无消旋定子构型推进性能对比
Figure 4. Comparison of propulsive performance of with/without stabilizer stator
图 5 有/无消旋定子构型涵道剖面压力系数对比
Figure 5. Comparison of cross section pressure coefficients of with/without stabilizer stator
图 6 有/无消旋定子构型空间速度流线图（J=0.29）
Figure 6. Stream lines distributions of with/without stabilizer stator （J=0.29）
图 7 X/C=1.5处有/无消旋定子构型周向速度云图（J=0.29）
Figure 7. Circumferential velocity contour at X/C=1.5 of with/without stabilizer stator （J=0.29）
图 8 有/无消旋定子构型反转矩随转速变化曲线
Figure 8. Counter torque at different rotation speeds of with/without stabilizer stato
图 9 不同前进比涵道桨有/无消旋定子构型桨尖马赫数
Figure 9. Blade tip Mach number at different forward ratio of with/without stabilizer stator
图 10 有/无消旋定子构型桨叶压力云图
Figure 10. Pressure contour of the propeller of with/without stabilizer stator
图 11 桨叶不同站位处压力系数分布对比 （J=0.29）
Figure 11. Comparison of pressure coefficients of blade at different cross section （J=0.29）
图 12 4种定子构型不同站位翼型对比
Figure 12. Comparison of four ducted stator airfoil at different cross section
图 15 涵道桨4种消旋定子构型总推力计算值与试验值对比
Figure 15. Comparison of total thrust of four stabilizer stator configuration between calculation and test
图 16 涵道桨4种消旋定子构型推进性能对比
Figure 16. Comparison of propulsive performance of four stabilizer stator configuration
图 17 不同构型反转矩对比 （J=0.29）
Figure 17. Comparison of counter torque between different configuration （J=0.29）
图 18 涵道剖面翼型压力系数对比 （J=0.29）
Figure 18. Comparison of cross section pressure coefficients of ducts （J=0.29）
图 19 桨叶不同站位处压力系数分布对比 （J=0.29）
Figure 19. Comparison of different cross section pressure coefficients of blades （J=0.29）
表 1 涵道桨模型计算结果与试验测量值的对比
Table 1. Comparison of aerodynamic force between calculation and test
项目 试验值 计算值 相对误差/% 螺旋桨拉力系数 0.1890 0.1805 4.50 螺旋桨转矩系数 0.0298 0.0286 4.03 涵道部件拉力占比/% 57.58 54.73 4.95 
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表 2 不同定子构型各站位扭转角
Table 2. Torsion angle of different ducted stator at different sections
r/R 扭转角/（°） Z0 Z1 Z2 Z4 0.3 0 11.28 9.61 2.00 0.5 0 8.00 8.65 3.00 0.7 0 5.52 6.87 4.50 0.9 0 2.79 5.27 5.50 1.0 0 1.32 3.82 7.59
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表 3 不同构型推进性能较无定子构型提高对比 （J=0.29）
Table 3. Comparison of propulsive performance of different configurations better than base （J=0.29）
构型 总推力/% 推进效率/% 反扭距降低量/% Z0 2.11 −0.82 88.6 Z1 0.77 −1.30 92.1 Z2 2.59 0.04 54.1 Z4 0.43 −1.89 94.5
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表 4 部件推力占总推力比值
Table 4. Ratio of component thrust to total thrust
构型 涵道/% 桨叶/% 定子/% Z0 23.84 73.46 1.534 Z1 23.48 73.96 1.364 Z2 24.18 72.24 1.656 Z4 23.47 74.52 0.8708
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