脉冲爆震外涵加力燃烧室推力特性

谢俊杰; 郑龙席; 卢杰; 王凌羿; 谭汶昊

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220448

脉冲爆震外涵加力燃烧室推力特性

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220448

西北工业大学动力与能源学院，西安 710072

详细信息

作者简介:
谢俊杰（1997-），男，硕士生，研究方向为脉冲爆震燃烧与流动

通讯作者:
郑龙席（1971-），男，教授、博士生导师，博士，主要从事新概念发动机研究。E-mail：zhenglx@nwpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-22
- 网络出版日期: 2024-08-21

Thrust characteristics of pulse detonation duct burner

School of Power and Energy，Northwestern Polytechnical University，Xi’an 710072，China

摘要

摘要:
为了得到不同喷管与脉冲爆震外涵加力燃烧室相互作用机理，提高脉冲爆震外涵加力燃烧室增推性能，对无喷管、带七种收敛喷管、七种收扩喷管和五种二次流喷管的脉冲爆震外涵加力燃烧室进行了数值计算。结果表明：收敛喷管会反射压缩波，减缓高压工质的排出，提高轴向力增益；收扩喷管会在收敛段的基础上进一步加速气流，但在一个循环的某些时间内会使外界激波进入扩张段而造成部分推力损失；二次流喷管可以调节喷管扩张段工质参数，但也会带来一定的掺混损失。三种工况下采用二次流喷管时轴向力增益提升率最高，依次为22.11%、15.06%和15.23%。
- 脉冲爆震涡轮发动机 /
- 脉冲爆震外涵加力燃烧室 /
- 喷管 /
- 推力特性 /
- 压缩波
Abstract:
In order to obtain the interaction mechanism between different nozzles and pulse detonation duct burner and improve the thrust enhancement performance of pulse detonation duct burner, the pulse detonation duct burners without nozzle, with seven convergent nozzles, seven convergent and divergent nozzles and five fluidic nozzles were numerically calculated. The results showed that the convergent nozzle could reflect the compression wave, slow down the discharge of high-pressure working substance, and then improve the axial force gain. The convergent divergent nozzle could further accelerate the flow on the basis of the convergent section, but it could make the shock wave enter the divergent section some time in a cycle, resulting in partial thrust loss; The fluidic nozzle could adjust the working substance parameters in the expansion section of the nozzle, but it could also bring some mixing loss. When the fluidic nozzle was used under these three working conditions, the axial force gain increase rate was the highest, which was 22.11%, 15.06% and 15.23%, respectively.
- pulse detonation turbine engine /
- pulse detonation duct burner /
- nozzle /
- thrust characteristics /
- compression wave

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图 1 脉冲爆震外涵加力燃烧室数值计算模型与网格

Figure 1. Numerical calculation model and grid of pulse detonation duct burner

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图 2 喷管数值计算模型

Figure 2. Numerical calculation model of nozzle

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图 3 二次流喷管计算模型

Figure 3. Numerical calculation model of fluidic nozzle

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图 4 工况1下无喷管时总压与静温云图

Figure 4. Total pressure and static temperature contour without nozzle under condition 1

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图 5 不同工况下脉冲爆震外涵加力燃烧室轴向力的变化

Figure 5. Variation of axial force in pulse detonation duct burner under different conditions

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图 6 单次计算周期随收敛比的变化

Figure 6. Variation of single calculation time with convergence ratio

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图 7 工况1下装有C1喷管后总压与静温变化云图

Figure 7. Total pressure and static temperature contour with C1 nozzle under condition 1

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图 8 轴向力增益随收敛比的变化

Figure 8. Axial force gain with different convergent nozzles

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图 9 单次计算周期随扩张比的变化

Figure 9. Variation of single calculation time with divergence ratio

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图 10 工况1下装有CD1喷管后总压与静温变化云图

Figure 10. Total pressure and static temperature contour with CD1 nozzle under condition 1

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图 11 工况1下马赫数随时间的变化

Figure 11. Mach number contour with convergent divergent nozzle under condition 1

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图 12 轴向力增益随扩张比的变化

Figure 12. Axial force gain under different working conditions with different convergent divergent nozzles

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图 13 工况1下装有二次流喷管后总压与静温变化云图

Figure 13. Total pressure and static temperature contour with fluidic nozzle under condition 1

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图 14 工况1下二次流喷管中马赫数的变化

Figure 14. Mach number contour with fluidic nozzle under condition 1

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图 15 不同工况轴向力增益随二次流喷管参数的变化

Figure 15. Variation of axial force gain under different working conditions with fluidic nozzle parameters

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表 1 网格尺寸验证结果

Table 1. Grid size verification results

网格尺寸/mm	CEA 计算结果		数值计算结果
网格尺寸/mm	静压峰值/MPa	波速/（m/s）	静压峰值/MPa	波速/（m/s）	DDT距离/m	DDT时间/ms
1.0	1.987	1797.7	1.87	1812.1	0.7733	2.95
0.5			2.02	1853.2	0.7715	2.85
0.2			2.04	1856.7	0.7711	2.87

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表 2 喷管结构参数

Table 2. Nozzle structure parameters

喷管类型	喷管编号	收敛段长度 L_c/mm	扩张段长度 L_d/mm	入口直径 D_in/mm	喉部直径 D_throat/mm	出口直径 D_out/mm	收敛比	扩张比
收敛喷管	C1	40	0	62	36	0	0.3371	0
	C2	40		62	38		0.3757
	C3	40		62	40		0.4162
	C4	40		62	42		0.4589
	C5	40		62	44		0.5036
	C6	40		62	46		0.5505
	C7	40		62	48		0.5994
收扩喷管	CD1	40	80.00	62	40	45	0.4162	1.2656
	CD2	40	80.00	62	40	50	0.4162	1.5625
	CD3	40	80.00	62	40	55	0.4162	1.8902
	CD4	40	90.94	62	40	60	0.4162	2.2500
	CD5	40	119.66	62	40	65	0.4162	2.6406
	CD6	40	150.40	62	40	70	0.4162	3.0625
	CD7	40	183.47	62	40	75	0.4162	3.5156

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表 3 典型外涵入口工况

Table 3. Typical bypass inlet conditions

工况	入口总压/MPa	入口总温/K
1	0.3012	416.5
2	0.3863	444.5
3	0.4713	485.5

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