航空发动机内部容腔耦合响应规律

刘传凯; 左亢; 王家俊; 丁水汀

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220451

航空发动机内部容腔耦合响应规律

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220451

刘传凯^{1, 2,},
左亢¹,
王家俊^1,,
丁水汀^{1, 2}

1.
北京航空航天大学航空发动机研究院，北京 102206
2.
北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院飞机/发动机综合系统安全性北京市重点实验室，北京 100191

基金项目: 两机重大专项基础研究项目（J2019-Ⅲ-0003-0046）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘传凯（1979-），男，副研究员、博士生导师，博士，主要从事航空发动机总体技术研究

中图分类号: V228.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-23
- 网络出版日期: 2024-08-08

Coupling response law of aero-engine internal cavities

LIU Chuankai^{1, 2
,},
ZUO Kang¹,
WANG Jiajun^1
,,
DING Shuiting^{1, 2}

1.
Research Institute of Aero-Engine，Beihang University，Beijing 102206，China
2.
Beijing Key Laboratory on Safety of Integrated Aircraft and Propulsion System，School of Energy and Power Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China

摘要

摘要:
为了准确评估航空发动机快速机动过程中容积效应的影响，提出了发动机内部容腔低维模化方法和控制方程。通过集成发动机主流道与二次空气系统的耦合算法，建立了考虑容积效应影响的航空发动机全流域仿真模型，模拟并分析了快速机动过程中航空发动机整机系统环境下多容腔耦合响应规律和机理。研究表明：容积效应虽然并不会对航空发动机过渡态性能造成显著宏观影响，但却导致发动机内部不同区域气路参数呈现不可忽视的非均衡响应现象。在发动机快速机动过程中，轴向力峰值相对变化幅度可达轴向力设计值10%左右，增大了航空发动机过渡过程的潜在安全风险。且当容腔特征时间小于0.01 s，那么其容积效应对航空发动机的影响基本可以忽略。容腔的特征时间与发动机的推力响应时间量级越接近，其导致危险过渡态载荷的风险越高，这是现代高性能航空发动机设计中不应忽略的影响因素。
- 系统安全 /
- 容腔效应 /
- 空气系统 /
- 瞬态 /
- 零维仿真
Abstract:
In order to accurately evaluate volume packing effects of aero-engine in rapid transients, a low-dimensional modeling method and the corresponding governing equations for the aero-engine internal cavities were proposed. By means of integrating the coupling algorithm of aero-engine main gas path and secondary air-system, an aero-engine whole gas path model considering volume packing effects was established. Predictions and analysis were made for the cavities responses in aero engine system environment during rapid transients. The result showed that the volume packing effects exerted little effects on the overall transient performance of the aero-engine, but its effect can cause significant imbalanced local responses in aero-engine gas path. In the process of rapid engine maneuvering, the relative change amplitude of the peak axial force can reach about 10% of the design value of the axial force, which increased the potential safety risk in the transition process of the aero-engine. And when the cavity characteristic time was less than 0.01 s, the effect of its volumetric effect on the aero engine can be basically ignored. The closer the characteristic time of the cavity was to the thrust response time of the engine, the higher the risk of dangerous transition state loads, making it an influencing factor that should not be ignored in modern high-performance aero-engine designs.
- system safety /
- volume packing effects /
- air system /
- transient /
- zero-dimensional simulation

HTML

图 1 部件容腔的简化模型

Figure 1. Simplified model of component cavity

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图 2 空气系统容腔简化模型

Figure 2. Simplified model of air system cavity

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图 3 旋转盘腔组合单元

Figure 3. Units assemble of rotating disk cavity

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图 4 双轴混合排气涡扇发动机示意图

1 高压涡轮盘前腔；2 高压涡轮盘后腔；3 低压涡轮盘前腔；4 低压涡轮盘后腔；5 高压盘前封严；6 高压盘后封严；7 低压盘前封严；8 低压盘后封严。

Figure 4. Twin-spool turbofan engine with mixed exhaust

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图 5 瞬态过程供油规律

Figure 5. Fuel control schedules for the transient process

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图 6 过渡过程$ {\theta _{\text{w}}} $的变化过程

Figure 6. $ {\theta _{\text{w}}} $ evolution in transient process

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图 7 冷端部件$ {\theta _{\text{w}}} $的变化过程

Figure 7. Cold section component $ {\theta _{\text{w}}} $ evolution

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图 8 热端部件$ {\theta _{\text{w}}} $的变化过程

Figure 8. Hot section component $ {\theta _{\text{w}}} $ evolution

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图 9 典型冷端部件参数变化规律

Figure 9. Gas parameter evolution of typical cold section componet

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图 10 典型热端部件参数变化规律

Figure 10. Gas parameter evolution of typical hot section componet

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图 11 空气系统内部腔室$ {\theta _{\text{w}}} $的变化过程

Figure 11. Air system internal cavities $ {\theta _{\text{w}}} $ evolution

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图 12 容腔效应对涡轮盘缘封严流量的影响

Figure 12. Influence of volume packing effects on disk edge sealing flow

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图 13 容腔效应对转子轴向力的影响

Figure 13. Influence of volume packing effects on rotor axial force

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图 14 容腔效应对滑油腔封严压力的影响

Figure 14. Effects of volume packing on oil cavity sealing pressure

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表 1 各腔特征时间

Table 1. Characteristic time of each cavity

发动机内部腔室	特征时间/10⁻⁴ s
风扇容腔	7.73
压气机容腔	5.42
外涵道容腔	12.8
燃烧室容腔	2.04
高压涡轮容腔	1.28
低压涡轮容腔	1.47
混合室容腔	5.05
高压涡轮盘前腔	59.8
高压涡轮盘后腔	225
低压涡轮盘前腔	70.4
低压涡轮盘后腔	477
高压转子盘心容腔	1610
发动机前滑油腔	64000

下载: 导出CSV

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