Passive control strategy for flow quality of linear cascade wind tunnel
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摘要:
为了提升高负荷叶型的平面叶栅试验流场品质以保证试验数据的可靠性和准确性，建立了平面叶栅流场品质的评价参数，提出了中间流线型上端壁及其与出口可调尾板组合的两种被动调控方案。采用试验验证的数值模拟方法研究了以上两种方案对高负荷平面叶栅流场品质的调控策略。结果表明：两种调控方案均能够有效抑制上端壁区域的流场恶化，进而提升平面叶栅的来流准确性、流场周期性以及二维性。采用与平面叶栅理想中间流线相匹配的上端壁安装角和周向距离，以及尾板安装角时，两种方案对流场品质的提升效果最好。中间流线型上端壁组合出口尾板方案优于中间流线型上端壁方案，使叶栅中间三个叶片通道的进口马赫数偏差不超过±0.005，来流攻角偏差不超过±0.3°；叶栅进口和出口马赫数的周期性偏差不超过0.005，气流角的周期性偏差不超过0.3°；设计攻角下叶栅轴向速度密度比（AVDR）达到1.1，叶栅二维性较好。两种调控方案对叶栅大攻角工况的流场品质调节具有很好的适用性。
Abstract:To improve the flow quality of linear cascade tests with high-loading blade sections and ensure the reliability and accuracy of test data, the evaluation parameters of flow quality of linear cascade were established, and two passive control schemes of intermediate streamlined upper end-wall and its coupling with outlet adjustable tailboards were proposed. The control strategies of the above two schemes on the flow quality of high-loading linear cascade were studied by numerical simulation method verified by experiments. The results showed that both schemes can effectively suppress the deterioration of flow field near the upper end-wall area, thus improving the inflow accuracy, flow periodicity and two-dimensionality of cascade. When the set angle and gap of the upper end-wall and the tailboard angle matched the ideal intermediate streamline of cascade, the two schemes presented the best improvement on the flow quality. The scheme of intermediate streamlined end-wall combined outlet tailboards was superior to the intermediate streamlined end-wall scheme, such that the inlet Mach number deviation of the central three blade passages was less than ±0.005, and the incidence angle was less than ±0.3°. And the periodicity deviation of inlet and outlet Mach numbers shall not exceed 0.005, and the periodicity deviation of inlet and outlet flow angles shall not exceed 0.3°. The axial velocity density ratio (AVDR) of cascade was 1.1 at the incidence angle of 0°. The two control schemes showed good applicability to the flow quality adjustment of cascade at high incidence angle.
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Key words:
- linear cascade test /
- end-wall modification /
- tailboards /
- flow quality /
- accuracy /
- periodicity
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图 3 平面叶栅周期性结果的通道中间流线
Figure 3. Middle streamline for periodic result of linear cascade
图 4 平面叶栅风洞试验段计算模型
Figure 4. Calculation model of test section of linear cascade wind tunnel
图 6 原始上端壁下叶栅进口流场的试验与数值结果对比（α=6°）
Figure 6. Comparison of inflow distributions of cascade under O-UEW between CFD and experiment （α=6°）
图 8 不同周向距离下MS-UEW对来流准确性的影响
Figure 8. Influence of MS-UEW scheme on inflow accuracy of cascade under different pitchwise distance
图 9 不同周向距离下MS-UEW对进口均匀性的影响
Figure 9. Influence of MS-UEW scheme on inflow uniformity of cascade under different pitchwise distance
图 10 不同周向距离的MS-UEW方案下试验段中叶展的马赫数云图和流线图
Figure 10. Mach number contour and streamlines at 50% span of test section under MS-UEW scheme with different pitchwise distance
图 11 不同上端壁安装角下MS-UEW对来流准确性的影响
Figure 11. Influence of MS-UEW scheme on inflow accuracy of cascade under different upper endwall set angles
图 12 不同上端壁安装角的MS-UEW方案下试验段中叶展的马赫数云图和流线图
Figure 12. Mach number contour and streamlines at 50% span of test section under MS-UEW scheme with different set angles
图 13 尾板长度对叶栅来流准确性的影响
Figure 13. Influence of tailboard length on inflow accuracy of cascade
图 14 尾板长度对叶栅进口均匀性的影响
Figure 14. Influence of tailboard length on inflow uniformity of cascade
图 15 尾板长度叶栅出口周期性的影响
Figure 15. Influence of tailboard length on outflow periodicity of cascade
图 16 不同调控方案对平面叶栅二维性的影响
Figure 16. Effect of different control schemes on the two-dimensionality of linear cascade
图 17 尾板安装角对叶栅来流准确性的影响
Figure 17. Influence of tailboard set angle on inflow accuracy of cascade
图 18 不同尾板安装角的MS-UEW-T方案下试验段中叶展的静压云图和流线图
Figure 18. Static pressure contour and streamlines at 50% span of test section under MS-UEW with different set angles
图 19 6°攻角下MS-UEW和MS-UEW-T方案调控后试验段中叶展的马赫数云图和流线图
Figure 19. Mach number contour and streamlines at 50% span of test section after the control of MS-UEW and MS-UEW-T at incidence angle of 6°
表 1 MS-UEW方案的调控工况
Table 1. Control conditions of MS-UEW
攻角$\alpha $/（°） 上端壁安装角γ/（°） 周向距离du/mm 0 15.8 0.5t, 1t 10.8, 15.8, 20.8 0.5t 6 17.8 0.5t 
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表 2 MS-UEW-T方案的调控工况
Table 2. Control conditions of MS-UEW-T
攻角$\alpha $/（°） 尾板长度L/mm 尾板安装角$\lambda $/（°） 0 1b, 2b 2.3 2b −1.7，2.3，6.3 6 2b 3.7
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