航空第二动力系统技术综述

周洲; 刘闯; 朱学忠; 朱姝姝

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220561

航空第二动力系统技术综述

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220561

南京航空航天大学自动化学院，南京 211106

基金项目: 直升机传动技术国家级重点实验室课题（HTL-A-22K02）

详细信息

作者简介:
周洲（1992-），男，博士生，主要从事航空起动/发电系统研究

通讯作者:
刘闯（1973-），男，教授、博士生导师，博士，主要从事航空起动/发电系统和航空电源研究。E-mail：lc@nuaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V245
计量
- 文章访问数: 96
- HTML浏览量: 46
- PDF量: 17
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-01
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-27

Review on aircraft secondary power system

College of Automation Engineering，Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，Nanjing 211106，China

摘要

摘要:
第二动力系统（SPS）是承担关键任务的复杂机载系统。以美军装备为例分别介绍了典型的机械传动SPS、气压传动SPS和电气传动SPS并对三者的优缺点进行了总结，回顾了美军与国防承包商的SPS研发历程并分析了它们的技术特点，总结了先进SPS的四项关键技术，简要介绍了SPS的应用拓展并对SPS的发展趋势进行了展望。指出了未来先进SPS的四大主要技术特点：多电化架构、高功能集成度、能量综合、优化利用能力以及与主发动机的协同增效。
- 第二动力系统 /
- 辅助动力装置 /
- 多电技术 /
- 起动/发电技术 /
- 热管理技术
Abstract:
Secondary power system (SPS) is a complicated airborne system which undertakes varieties of key tasks. Three typical SPSs of mechanical link, pneumatic link and electric link types were introduced with examples of U.S. fighters, and their advantages and disadvantages were summarized. The research on SPSs developed by U.S. force and defense contractors was reviewed and analysis on technical feature of these SPSs was conducted. Besides, four key technologies in advanced SPS were summarized and the extended applications of SPS were briefed. Finally, the development trend of SPS was prospected. Four key technical characteristics of advanced SPS in future were presented: multiple electric architecture, high integration of structure, comprehensive utilization capability of onboard energy and synergies between main engines and itself.
- secondary power system /
- auxiliary power unit /
- more electric technology /
- starter/generator technology /
- thermal management technology

HTML

图 1 机械传动SPS^[6]

Figure 1. Mechanical link SPS^[6]

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图 2 F-15的SPS^[4]

Figure 2. SPS of F-15^[4]

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图 3 F-16所采用的EPU^[5]

Figure 3. EPU of F-16^[5]

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图 4 气压传动SPS^[6]

Figure 4. Pneumatic link SPS^[6]

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图 5 典型APU结构分类

Figure 5. Classification of APUs with typical structures

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图 6 F-22的APGS

Figure 6. APGS of F-22

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图 7 传统电气传动SPS^[6]

Figure 7. Conventional electric link SPS^[6]

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图 8 多电SPS

Figure 8. More electric SPS

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图 9 PTMS整体结构示意图^[22]

Figure 9. Architecture of PTMS^[22]

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图 10 PTMS IPP三维图

Figure 10. IPP in PTMS

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图 11 风扇涵道换热器

Figure 11. Fan duct heat exchanger

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图 12 美军SPS的研究与装备历史

Figure 12. Research and equipment history of SPS

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图 13 IPU（RD）结构示意图

Figure 13. Structure of IPU （RD）

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图 14 SIPU结构示意图

Figure 14. Structure of SIPU

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图 15 MIPU结构示意图

Figure 15. Structure of MIPU

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图 16 IPU（AS）结构示意图

Figure 16. Structure of IPU （AS）

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图 17 MEA-IPU结构示意图

Figure 17. Structure of MEA-IPU

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图 18 MEA-IPU概念图

Figure 18. Concept view of MEA-IPU

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图 19 IPU（HS）实物图

Figure 19. Pictures of IPU （HS）

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图 20 IPU（HS）起动/发电机与AMB冷却气流示意图^[38-39]

Figure 20. Cooling airflow of S/G and AMB in IPU（HS）^[38-39]

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图 21 T/EMM整体结构示意图^[21]

Figure 21. Architecture of T/EMM^[21]

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图 22 T/EMM IPP轴向剖视图^[21]

Figure 22. Cross-section of IPP in T/EMM^[21]

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图 23 ACE第三涵道换热器示意图

Figure 23. Third-stream heat exchangers in ACE

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图 24 波音提出的IPTMS结构框图

Figure 24. Structure of IPTMS proposed by Boeing

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图 25 汉胜提出的CBC发电系统

Figure 25. CBC power generation system proposed by Hamilton-Sundstrand

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图 26 霍尼韦尔的TPU

Figure 26. TPU proposed by Honeywell

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表 1 不同类型SPS的比较

Table 1. Comparison between different SPSs

分类	优点	缺点
机械传动系统	· 高效传动，可使用额定功率更小、更加轻质的JFS	· 直接机械传动，JFS安装位置受限 · 复杂机械传动机构质量大，可靠性差，控制与维护复杂 · 短时工作制设备，空中起动能力弱 · 难以通过地勤设备实现主发动机二次起动
气压传动系统	· APU安装位置灵活 · ECS与起动机管路复用 · 易于通过地勤设备实现主发动机二次起动	· 气压能传输与转化效率较低，需要较大额定功率的APU · 气压管路占据大量体积 · 使用滚动轴承的ACM限制了系统体积的缩减
多电系统	· 简化的SPS结构 · 电能传输效率高 · APU安装位置灵活 · 起动/发电机带来更高的系统集成度 · 更高的燃机燃油经济性 · 有利于二次能源优化管理和利用	· 电能转换与管理依赖于高定额全控型电力电子器件 · 大功率、高速、高功率密度起动/发电机的研制有较大技术难度 · 电储能系统的能量密度有待进一步提升

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