Dynamic modeling of the contact between cage and rolling element in rolling bearing and contact characteristics
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摘要:
采用非线性弹簧单元、阻尼单元模拟保持架与滚动体之间的碰撞接触，并综合考虑碰撞接触、摩擦以及兜孔间隙等非线性因素，建立了滚动轴承动力学分析模型。通过动力学仿真研究了保持架与滚动体之间的碰撞接触特性及轴承载荷、转速对保持架接触特性的影响。研究结果表明：滚动体与保持架兜孔前、后端交替产生非连续性碰撞接触并造成保持架转速出现不规律的波动。滚动体与保持架兜孔前、后端接触力的最大值和保持架转速的波动范围随着轴承径向载荷的增加而减小，随轴承转速的增加而增大。所建立模型可为滚动轴承的设计及保持架的失效分析提供理论依据。
Abstract:Nonlinear spring element and damping element were used to simulate the collision contact between the cage and the rolling element, and a dynamic model of rolling bearing was proposed considering some nonlinear factors such as collision contact, friction, cage pocket clearance, etc. Collision contact characteristics between the cage and the rolling element were investigated by dynamic simulation, the influences of bearing load and rotational speed on the cage contact characteristics were also analyzed. The results showed that discontinuous collision contacts appeared between the rolling element and cage pocket front bar or rear bar alternately, and the rotational speed of the cage fluctuate d irregularly because of the contact forces. The maximum contact force and the fluctuation range of cage rotatioanal speed decreased with the increase of bearing radial load, and increased with the increase of rotational speed of bearing. The proposed model can provide a theoretical basis for the design of rolling bearing and failure analysis of the cage.
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Key words:
- rolling bearing /
- cage /
- contact model /
- dynamic /
- contact characteristic
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图 1 滚动体与保持架兜孔的三种接触状态
Figure 1. Three contact states of rolling element and cage pocket
图 3 滚动体与保持架兜孔的位置关系
Figure 3. Relationship between the rolling element and cage pocket position
图 4 滚动体与内、外圈之间的相对位置关系
Figure 4. Relative position between the rolling element and inner and outer raceways
图 6 平稳工况下接触力随时间变化曲线
Figure 6. Contact force variation curves with time under stable working conditions
图 8 平稳工况下接触力随滚动体角位置变化曲线
Figure 8. Variation curves of contact force with angular position of rolling element under stable working condition
图 10 不同径向载荷下滚动体与内圈的滑移速度曲线
Figure 10. Slip speed curves of rolling element and inner raceway under different radial loads
图 11 不同径向载荷下保持架转速曲线
Figure 11. Cage rotational speed curves under different radial loads
图 12 最大接触力随轴承转速变化曲线
Figure 12. Maximum contact force variation curves with bearing rotational speed
图 13 不同轴承转速下滚动体与内圈的滑移速度曲线
Figure 13. Slip speed curves of rolling element and inner raceway with different bearing rotational speeds
图 14 不同轴承转速下保持架转速曲线
Figure 14. Cage rotational speed curves under different bearing rotational speeds
表 1 深沟球轴承6309主要结构参数及润滑油参数
Table 1. Geometric parameters and lubrication oil parameters of 6309 deep groove ball bearings
参数 数值 外圈滚道半径Ro/mm 43.75 内圈滚道半径Ri/mm 28.75 轴承节圆半径 Rm/mm 36.25 滚动体半径 Rr/mm 7.5 滚子个数Z 11 径向游隙Pd/μm 20 保持架兜孔间隙 cp/mm 0.25 滚动体转动惯量 Jr/10−7 （kg·m2） 3.1 保持架转动惯量 Jc/10−5 （kg·m2） 3.5 润滑油密度 ρe/（kg/m3） 860 阻力系数 cν 0.05 接触阻尼系数 c1/（N·s/m） 7 阻尼系数 c/（N·s/m） 300 
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