风扇叶片冰撞仿真方法与试验

沈庆阳; 何凌川; 黎方娟; 古远兴; 赵朝君

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220617

风扇叶片冰撞仿真方法与试验

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220617

中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院，成都 610500

详细信息

作者简介:
沈庆阳（1987-），男，高级工程师，硕士，主要从事航空发动机强度设计方面的研究。E-mail：shenqy87@163.com

中图分类号: V231.92
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- 文章访问数: 56
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-24
- 网络出版日期: 2024-02-29

Simulation method of hail impacting on fan blades and experiments

Sichuan Gas Turbine Establishment，Aero Engine Corporation of China，Chengdu 610500，China

摘要

摘要:
采用光滑粒子流体动力学法和拉格朗日法对冰撞过程进行仿真分析，开展了冰雹撞击钢板、撞击钛合金薄板、撞击非旋转态真实风扇叶片的打靶试验验证。结果表明：采用的考虑压缩强度与应变率相关的冰雹本构模型和SPH法能够很好的描述冰雹撞击过程，仿真结果与打靶试验结果吻合良好。基于该本构模型和算法，对某发动机在爬升状态下吞入直径1.1 cm的冰雹情况进行仿真，揭示了叶片不同部位冰撞后的变形情况，发现撞击叶尖部位带来的塑性应变最大。开展整机吞冰试验，试验获得的冰雹撞击部位的叶片变形长度与仿真结果误差小于10%。改进了叶片前缘半径和最大厚度分布，提升了叶片的抗冰撞能力，为风扇叶片抗冰撞改进设计积累了良好的设计经验。
- 风扇叶片 /
- 冰撞 /
- 光滑粒子流体动力学 /
- 应变率 /
- 变形
Abstract:
Smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method and Lagrange method were used to simulate the process of hail impacting and the experiments of a Hail impacting on a plate, a titanium alloy sheet and a real fan disk were carried out. The results showed that the high strain rate constitutive model and Smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method could simulate the process of hail impacting precisely; the simulation results had a good agreement with the experiment results. Based on this constitutive model and method, simulation of a hail of 1.1 cm diameter impacting into an aero engine at the state of climbing was carried out and the deformation of the blades after impacting was revealed. The result showed that impacting on the tip site of the blade would have the worst situation of plastic strain. An aero engine hail impacting test was carried out, and the deformation error of the impacted blade and simulation results was less than 10%. The front edge radius and the maximum thickness distribution of the blade were improved, and the anti-hail impacting ability of the blade was enhanced, and the improved design experiences had been accumulated for anti-hail impacting.
- fan blade /
- hail impacting /
- smooth particle hydrodynamics /
- strain rate /
- deformation

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图 1 压缩强度应变率相关曲线

Figure 1. Strain sensitivity curve of compressive strength

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图 2 试验原理图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the experiment

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图 3 冰雹撞击钢板试验过程

Figure 3. Test process of the hail impacting the plate

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图 4 冰雹撞击钢板数值仿真过程

Figure 4. Simulation process of the hail impacting the plate

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图 5 冰雹撞击过程冲击力计算结果

Figure 5. Calculated results of the impact force during the hail impacting

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图 6 TC4薄板贴片示意图

Figure 6. Strain gauge pasted diagram of the TC4 sheet

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图 7 冰雹撞击TC4薄板瞬间

Figure 7. Hail impacting the TC4 sheet moment

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图 8 实测应变与仿真结果对比

Figure 8. Comparison between the measured results and the simulation results

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图 9 边界约束条件示意图

Figure 9. Boundary constraint conditions diagram

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图 10 应变随薄板厚度变化曲线

Figure 10. Curve of the peak strain with the sheet thickness

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图 11 贴片方向应变随L_b变化曲线

Figure 11. Curve of the strain in the strain gauge pasted direction with L_b

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图 12 贴片方向应变随L_a变化曲线

Figure 12. Curve of the strain in the strain gauge pasted direction with L_a

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图 13 B-1试验中冰雹撞击瞬间

Figure 13. Hail impacting moment of test B-1

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图 14 B-2试验中冰雹撞击瞬间

Figure 14. Hail impacting moment of test B-2

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图 15 B-1试验后叶片变形结果

Figure 15. Blade deformation result of test B-1

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图 16 B-2试验后叶片变形情况

Figure 16. Blade deformation result of test B-2

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图 17 B-1试验塑性应变仿真结果

Figure 17. Plastic strain Simulation result of test B-1

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图 18 B-2试验塑性应变仿真结果

Figure 18. Plastic strain Simulation result of test B-2

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图 19 冰雹撞击真实旋转叶片瞬间

Figure 19. Moment of the hails impacting the real rotating blades

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图 20 真实旋转叶片冰雹撞击后变形

Figure 20. Deformations of the real rotating blades after hails impacted

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图 21 真实旋转叶片冰雹撞击仿真

Figure 21. Simulation result of the real rotating blades after hails impacted

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图 22 叶片断裂部位局部放大图

Figure 22. Local magnification of the fracture site of the blade

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图 23 叶片几何参数图

Figure 23. Blade geometry parameter diagram

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图 24 改进前后参数对比

Figure 24. Parameter comparison before and after improvement

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图 25 失效单元比例对比

Figure 25. Comparison of failure elements proportion

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图 26 改进设计前后最大塑性应变对比

Figure 26. Maximum plastic strain comparison before and after improvement

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表 1 撞击真实静止风扇叶片试验参数

Table 1. Parameters of hail-impacting on real stationary fan blade test

编号冰雹直径d/cm 入射速度v/（m/s）撞击部位

B-1 2.5 117 4#进气边前缘
B-2 5.0 125 10#叶片叶尖

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表 2 仿真与试验结果对比

Table 2. Comparison of the simulation and the test

编号损伤
形式试验变形/mm 仿真变形/mm

L₁ L₂ L₃ L₁ L₂ L₃

B-1 凹坑 7 9

B-2 卷曲 30 38 28 30 40 27

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表 3 叶片结构参数改进对比

Table 3. Comparison of improved blade structural parameters

方案 d/mm h/mm L/mm α/（°）

原始方案 0.28 2 40.2 1.23

改进方案 0.62 2.2 27 1.68

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