Analysis of inerting index when inerting capability of aircraft fuel tank was degraded
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摘要:
为明确飞机燃油箱惰能力降级指标，从点燃试验的试验设施、试验结果及不同试验之间结果差异的原因3个方面总结和分析了燃油箱点燃试验的文献，根据文献分析结果将燃油箱的惰化能力分为四个等级，分析发现：试验设施差异、点燃标准不同是不同试验结果存在差异的主要原因；高能点火源试验在燃爆标准、试验影响因素和试验结果方面存在特殊性，其对燃油箱混气惰化能力要求更高；飞机燃油箱的惰化能力会随着混气中氧气浓度的增加而降低，不同燃油箱惰化状态下燃油箱的安全性也存在差别，这种惰化能力的降级同时需要考虑点火源和混气气压的影响。
Abstract:In order to clarify the degradation index of the inerting of aircraft fuel tank, some literature of fuel tank ignition test were summarized and analyzed from three aspects: test facilities, test results and the reasons for the differences between different tests. According to the results of literature analysis, the inerting of fuel tank was divided into four grades. It was found that the differences of test facilities and ignition standards were the main reasons for the differences between different test results. The high-energy ignition source test had particularity in the aspects of explosion standard, test effect factors and test results, requiring for higher inerting ability of fuel tank. The inerting capacity of aircraft fuel tank could decrease with the increase of oxygen volume fraction in mixed gas, and the safety of fuel tank varied under different inerting conditions. The degradation of inerting capacity need to consider the effect of ignition source and mixed gas pressure at the same time.
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图 6 在30 mm HEI弹击时油箱压力变化
Figure 6. Pressures variation of fuel tank using the 30 mm HEI projectile attack
图 7 30 mmHEI弹击时高压条件下氧体积分数影响
Figure 7. Effect of changing oxygen volume fraction when using the 30 mm HEI projectile attack under high pressure condition
图 8 不同点火源点火的极限氧体积分数试验结果
Figure 8. Test results of limiting oxygen volume fraction for ignition by different ignition sources
图 10 不同气相空间氧体积分数惰化能力分级
Figure 10. Classification of inerting ability of gaseous space in different oxygen volume fraction
表 1 Tyson 30 mm弹击试验条件
Table 1. Tyson’s 30 mm projectile attack test conditions
不同测试高度下压力/kPa 试验时氧体积分数/% 210（低） 21, 15, 12, 9 196（中） 21, 12 159（高） 21, 12, 9 
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表 2 热表面和火花点火试验结果
Table 2. Test results of hot surface and spark ignition
点火源
类型油箱温度范围/℃ 试验结果 缩比油箱 全尺寸油箱 表面温度 无油空间温度 不发生爆炸的
极限氧体积分数/%不发生反应的
极限氧体积分数/%氧体积分数/% 结果 热表面 <260 <149 18 12.5 21 爆炸 热表面 >260 >149 ≤17 不确定 9 无反应 火花 <260 <149 14 12 15 爆炸 火花 >260 >149 10.4 9.9 9 无反应
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