复杂载荷历程下直升机主旋翼自润滑关节轴承的摩擦热仿真分析

谭德强; 杨永生; 胡月; 项载毓; 贺强; 周长春

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220659

复杂载荷历程下直升机主旋翼自润滑关节轴承的摩擦热仿真分析

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220659

1.
中国民用航空飞行学院航空工程学院，四川广汉 618307
2.
广西大学机械工程学院，南宁 530004

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52105132，52205239）；中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（22DXZYZF0003）；四川省科技计划资助（2022NSFSC1903）；中央高校基本科研业务费基金项目（J2021-044）

详细信息

作者简介:
谭德强（1989-），男，副教授，博士，主要从事航空器关键零部件服役行为和适航验证技术研究。E-mail：tdqtx2@163.com

中图分类号: V258.5；TH117.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-06
- 网络出版日期: 2024-10-01

Frictional thermal simulation analysis of self-lubricating joint bearings for helicopter main rotor under the complex load history

1.
College of Aviation Engineering，Civil Aviation Flight University of China，Guanghan Sichuan 618307，China
2.
School of Mechanical Engineering，Guangxi University，Nanning 530004，China

摘要

摘要:
建立直升机主旋翼上自润滑关节轴承的热-结构耦合模型，对该模型进行在实测载荷历程作用下的摩擦热仿真分析，得到了轴承的动态力学响应特性及内圈、衬垫的温度变化规律；对热-结构耦合分析和瞬态动力学分析进行等效应力、接触应力、最大变形的比较。结果表明：轴承在开始转动时，其速度和加速度曲线会有很大波动，随后趋向于平稳。在整个周期内，轴承的最高温主要集中出现在沿径向载荷方向内圈与衬垫相交的位置，轴承的发热率为1.4603 W；在同一时刻，衬垫的温度始终高于内圈的温度。与瞬态动力学相比，摩擦热的存在会使等效应力、接触应力以及变形量的值变大。
- 关节轴承 /
- 自润滑材料 /
- 载荷历程 /
- 摩擦热 /
- 有限元分析
Abstract:
The thermal-structural coupling model of the self-lubricating joint bearings on the main rotor of the helicopter was established subjecting to frictional thermal simulation analysis under the measured load history. Then, the dynamic mechanical response characteristics of the bearing and the temperature changes of the inner ring and the liner were obtained. The bearing equivalent stress, contact stress and maximum deformation under thermal-structural coupling analysis and transient dynamic analysis were compared. The results showed that when the bearing started to rotate, its velocity and acceleration curve fluctuated greatly before they tended to stabilize. During the whole cycle, the highest temperature of the bearing occurred mainly at the intersection of the inner ring and the liner along the radial load direction, with a calorific value of 1.4603 W. At the same time, the temperature of the liner was consistently higher than that of the inner ring. Compared with transient dynamics, the existence of frictional heat increased the equivalent stress, contact stress and deformation.
- joint bearings /
- self-lubricating material /
- load history /
- frictional thermal /
- finite element analysis

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图 1 SA349/2直升机的变距拉杆载荷

Figure 1. Variable pitch tie rod load for SA349/2 helicopter

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图 2 自润滑关节轴承的尺寸示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of sizes of self-lubricating joint bearings

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图 3 轴承的转动示意图

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the rotation of the bearing

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图 4 轴承的载荷及约束示意图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of bearing load and restraint

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图 5 内圈的观测点

Figure 5. Observation point of the inner circle

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图 6 节点82880的速度及加速度输出曲线

Figure 6. Velocity and acceleration output curves of the node 82880

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图 7 节点78943的速度及加速度输出曲线

Figure 7. Velocity and acceleration output curves of the node 78943

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图 8 内圈的温度变化云图

Figure 8. Temperature change cloud map of the inner circle

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图 9 内圈的最高温度变化曲线

Figure 9. Maximum temperature change curve of the inner ring

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图 10 衬垫的最高温度变化云图

Figure 10. Cloud map of the maximum temperature change of the liner

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图 11 衬垫的最高温度变化曲线

Figure 11. Maximum temperature change curve of the liner

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图 12 衬垫轴向路径温度

Figure 12. Liner axial path temperature

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图 13 衬垫周向路径温度

Figure 13. Liner circumferential path temperature

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图 14 摩擦耗散能

Figure 14. Friction dissipated energy

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表 1 自润滑关节轴承的尺寸

Table 1. Dimensions of self-lubricating joint bearings mm

参数	数值
外径D	17.78
内径B	7.84
外圈宽度W₂	8.10
内圈宽度W₁	11.08
内圈球面直径d	15.04

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表 2 自润滑关节轴承的材料参数

Table 2. Material parameters of self-lubricating joint bearings

零件	材料	密度/ （kg/m³）	泊松比	弹性模量/GPa	热膨胀系数/ （10⁻⁶/℃⁻¹）	导热系数/ （W/（m·℃））	比热容/ （J/（kg·℃））
杆端体外圈	17-4PH	7800	0.3	136	11.6	18.3	460
衬垫	PTFE/Kevlar	2200	0.4	0.28	28	1.13	1490
内圈	440C	7750	0.3	206	10.2	24.2	460

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表 3 热力耦合与动力学分析的比较

Table 3. Comparison of thermo-mechanical coupling and dynamic analysis

分析类型	比较参数	时间/s
分析类型	比较参数	0.010791	0.034907	0.069525	0.095196	0.11542	0.15
热力耦合分析	接触应力/MPa	3.9952	2.1187	0.41161	4.3931	1.3136	1.3207
	等效应力/MPa	13.46	7.2922	1.3953	14.632	4.4107	4.4903
	最大变形/mm	0.021489	0.011626	0.0022212	0.023365	0.00703	0.0071551
动力学分析	接触应力/MPa	3.9861	2.1139	0.40688	4.3799	1.3083	1.3106
	等效应力/MPa	13.293	7.2149	1.3362	14.477	4.3667	4.4106
	最大变形/mm	0.021358	0.011594	0.002166	0.023287	0.0070129	0.0070789

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