混合物填充速度对火焰加速及DDT转变特性实验

张永辉; 张启斌; 赵明皓; 王可; 范明华; 范玮

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220690

混合物填充速度对火焰加速及DDT转变特性实验

doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220690

张永辉^1,,
张启斌^1,*, ,,
赵明皓¹,
王可²,
范明华¹,
范玮^{1, 2}

1.
西北工业大学动力与能源学院，西安 710072
2.
西北工业大学陕西省航空动力系统热科学重点实验室，西安 710129

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52176133，51876179，91441201）

详细信息

作者简介:
张永辉（1997-），男，博士生，主要从事爆震燃烧及爆震推进研究

通讯作者:
张启斌（1990-），男，副教授，博士，主要从事爆震燃烧及爆震推进研究。E-mail：zhangqibin@nwpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: V231.2⁺2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-14
- 网络出版日期: 2023-12-05

Experiment of the effect of mixture filling rate on flame acceleration and DDT transition characteristics

ZHANG Yonghui^1
,,
ZHANG Qibin^{1,*
, ,},
ZHAO Minghao¹,
WANG Ke²,
FAN Minghua¹,
FAN Wei^{1, 2}

1.
School of Power and Energy，Northwestern Polytechnical University，Xi’an 710072，China
2.
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Thermal Sciences in Aero-engine System，Northwestern Polytechnical University，Xi’an 710129，China

摘要

摘要:
为研究脉冲爆震发动机中燃料/氧化剂混合物填充速度对火焰加速与缓燃向爆震转变过程（DDT）的影响，以乙烯为燃料、氧气体积分数为40%的富氧空气为氧化剂，进行了实验研究。采用不同的燃烧室构型、不同点火位置和不同的障碍物数量，在混合物填充速度为0、2.5、5.7、8.9 m/s和14.1 m/s的条件下，均成功获得充分发展的爆震波。结果表明：混合物填充速度越大，火焰发展也越快，对于能够起爆的工况，缓燃向爆震转变的时间最多可降低至填充速度为0 m/s时的38.9%；填充速度为8.9 m/s时，使火焰成功转变为爆震燃烧所需的障碍物数量由3对可减少为2对。提高混合物填充速度后，缩短DDT长度与点火段长度，依然能够成功建立爆震波，这对优化脉冲爆震发动机燃烧室构型，进而减少发动机长度和质量、提升推进性能具有一定的指导意义。
- 缓燃向爆震转变 /
- 爆震 /
- 火焰加速 /
- 填充速度 /
- 高速摄影
Abstract:
To investigate the effect of fuel/oxidizer mixture filling rate on the flame acceleration and deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) in a pulse detonation engine, an experimental study was conducted with ethylene taken as fuel and oxygen-rich air of 40% oxygen volume fraction as the oxidizer. Fully developed detonation waves were successfully obtained using different combustion chamber configurations, different ignition positions, and different numbers of obstacles at the mixture filling speeds of 0, 2.5, 5.7, 8.9 m/s, and 14.1 m/s. The results showed that the greater filling speed of the mixture indicated the faster flame development for the ability to detonate under working conditions. The deflagration to detonation transition time can be reduced to 38.9% of the filling speed of 0 m/s when the filling speed was 8.9 m/s. Meanwhile, the number of obstacles required for DDT can be reduced to 2 pairs from 3 pairs. Shortening the DDT section and the ignition section length but increasing the mixture fill rate still allowed to successfully organize the detonation, providing some guidance for optimizing the combustion chamber configuration of pulse detonation engines, and reducing the engine length and weight for improving propulsion performance.
- deflagration-to-detonation transition /
- detonation /
- flame acceleration /
- mixture filling rate /
- high-speed photography recording

HTML

图 1 实验系统示意图

Figure 1. Schematic of the experimental system

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图 2 爆震室示意图

Figure 2. Schematic of the detonation chamber

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图 3 爆震室（C）中轴线的速度分布

Figure 3. Velocity distribution along the central axis of the detonation chamber （C）

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图 4 高速摄像法测量火焰速度的原理及不确定度产生机理

Figure 4. Principle of flame velocity measurement by high-speed camera method and the mechanism of uncertainty generation

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图 5 爆震室内火焰发展（v_f=0 m/s）

Figure 5. Flame development in the detonation chamber （v_f=0 m/s）

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图 6 爆震室内火焰发展（v_f=8.9 m/s）

Figure 6. Flame development in the detonation chamber （v_f=8.9 m/s）

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图 7 火焰在光滑爆震室（A）内的传播速度

Figure 7. Velocity of flame propagation in the smooth detonation chamber （A）

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图 8 火焰在爆震室（B）内的传播速度发展（2对障碍物）

Figure 8. Velocity of flame propagation in the detonation chamber （B）（2 pairs of obstacles）

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图 9 火焰在爆震室（C）内的传播速度发展（3对障碍物）

Figure 9. Velocity of flame propagation in the detonation chamber （C）（3 pairs of obstacles）

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图 10 火焰在爆震室（D）内的传播速度发展（4对障碍物）

Figure 10. Velocity of flame propagation in the detonation chamber （D）（4 pairs of obstacles）

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图 11 爆震室中不同混合物填充速度下的t_DDT

Figure 11. t_DDT at a variety of gas velocity in the detonation chamber

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图 12 爆震室中不同混合物填充速度下的l_DDT

Figure 12. l_DDT at a variety of gas velocity in the detonation chamber

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图 13 不同填充速度对应的燃烧模态

Figure 13. Combustion modes for different filling rates

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图 14 不同点火位置下火焰传播速度发展

Figure 14. Velocity of flame propagation in different ignition location

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表 1 实验用爆震室尺寸

Table 1. Dimensions of the detonation chamber

爆震室	d/mm	l/mm	l₁/mm	l₂/mm	l₃/mm	h/mm	w/mm	障碍物个数
A	25	600	25	140				0
B			25	140	25	5	5	2
C			25	140	25	5	5	3
D			25	140	25	5	5	4
C1			0	140	25	5	5	3
C2			50	140	25	5	5	3
C3			100	140	25	5	5	3

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