Effect of equivalence ratio on kerosene-hydrogen-air rotating detonation propagation at room temperature
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摘要:
为研究当量比和氢气质量分数对旋转爆轰波传播特性的影响，燃料采用煤油和氢气，氧化剂为空气，数值模拟了旋转爆轰过程，分析了旋转爆轰波传播特性、内流场组分分布特征以及爆轰波稳定性。计算结果表明：随着氢气质量分数的增加，旋转爆轰波成功起爆的当量比范围逐渐变窄，爆轰波压力峰值整体呈下降趋势，爆轰波传播速度呈上升趋势，速度亏损随当量比增加先减小后增大。贫燃条件下，富燃区燃料与氧化剂掺混不均匀且氧气呈条状带分布；富燃条件下，缓燃区增大缓燃加剧，富氧区边缘呈波浪状。爆轰波在当量比1.0～1.2之间传播稳定性较高；从点火到形成稳定旋转爆轰波的时间在当量比为化学恰当比时达到极小值，但随氢气质量分数增加而逐渐增加。
Abstract:In order to study the effect of equivalence ratios and hydrogen mass fractions on the propagation characteristics of a rotating detonation wave, the evolution process was numerically simulated by utilizing the kerosene and hydrogen as fuel and air as oxidant. The propagation characteristics of rotating detonation wave, the component distribution characteristics of internal flow field and the stability of detonation wave were analyzed. The simulated results showed that with the increase of hydrogen mass fractions, the range of equivalence ratios for successful initiation of a rotating detonation in the combustor was narrowed gradually. At the same time, the recorded peak pressures of detonations decreased, while the propagation speed increased with the velocity deficits showing a non-monotonous variation with the equivalence ratio. Under the fuel-lean condition, the fuel and oxidant in the fuel-rich zone were not evenly mixed and the oxygen was distributed in strips; under the fuel-rich condition, the deflagration zone increased and its reaction strength was intensified, and the edge of the oxygen-rich zone was in wavy shapes. The propagation stability of rotating detonations was higher when the equivalence ratio was 1.0 to 1.2, and the time interval from ignition to the formation of a stable rotating detonation wave reached the minimum at the stoichiometric equivalence ratio, but increased with the increase of hydrogen mass fractions.
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图 1 旋转爆轰燃烧室二维计算域示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of two-dimensional calculation domain of rotating detonation combustor
图 2 ω（H2）=0.3，Er=1监测点（x=100 mm、y=5 mm）的压力和温度时程曲线
Figure 2. Pressure and temperature time history curve at monitoring point（x=100 mm，y=5 mm）, ω（H2）=0.3，Er=1
图 3 不同网格尺寸燃烧室入口压力分布图
Figure 3. Pressure distribution at the inlet of combustor with different mesh sizes
图 5 不同工况下连续旋转爆轰波平均压力峰值和平均温度峰值分布
Figure 5. Distribution of average peak pressure and average peak temperature of continuous rotating detonation wave under different working conditions
图 6 不同工况下连续旋转爆轰波速度及速度亏损分布
Figure 6. Velocity and velocity deficit distribution of continuous rotating detonation wave under different working conditions
图 7 内流场当量比及各组分分布（Er=0.5、ω（H2）=0.3）
Figure 7. Equivalent ratio of internal flow field and distribution of each components （Er=0.5，ω（H2）=0.3）
图 8 内流场当量比及各组分分布（Er=0.8、ω（H2）=0.3）
Figure 8. Equivalent ratio of internal flow field and distribution of each components （Er=0.8，ω（H2）=0.3）
图 9 内流场当量比及各组分分布（Er=1.0、ω（H2）=0.3）
Figure 9. Equivalent ratio of internal flow field and distribution of each components （Er=1.0，ω（H2）=0.3）
图 10 内流场当量比及各组分分布（Er=1.5、ω（H2）=0.3）
Figure 10. Equivalent ratio of internal flow field and distribution of each components （Er=1.5，ω（H2）=0.3）
图 11 sp、sT随当量比和氢气质量分数的变化曲线
Figure 11. Variation curve of sp and sT with equivalent ratio and hydrogen mass fraction
图 12 当量比和氢气质量分数的变化对
$ \Delta {t}_{\mathrm{f}} $ 的影响Figure 12. Influence of equivalence ratio and hydrogen mass fraction on
$ \Delta {t}_{\mathrm{f}} $ 表 1 化学反应及参数
Table 1. Chemical reactions and parameters
化学反应 A/10−8 E/10−7 （J/kg·mol） H2+0.5O2=H2O 9.87 3.1 C12H23+17.75O2=12CO2+11.5H2O 25.8 12.5 
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表 2 数值模拟计算值与C-J理论值的差异
Table 2. Differences between the calculated value of numerical simulation and the theoretical value of C-J
参数 理论值 计算值 误差 T/K 2887.86 2884.63 0.11% p/MPa 3.07 3.16 2.93% v/（m/s） 1880.9 1742.16 7.38%
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