Combustion and emission numerical simulation of shape morphing jet-stabilized combustor
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摘要:
针对近年来对燃气轮机低污染排放的要求，为了利用某椭圆形燃烧室低排放的优势，改善其出口不易匹配后方燃气涡轮的不足，提出了一种截面渐变概念，使稳态射流燃烧室入口为椭圆形截面，出口为圆形截面。使用数值模拟方法对其燃烧特性和出口处的流动与排放特性进行了研究，探究了截面渐变技术对燃烧室排放特性和流动特性的影响。与圆形燃烧室对比，截面渐变稳态射流燃烧室NO排放量降低了51.26%，保持了椭圆形燃烧室低排放的优势；与椭圆形燃烧室对比，有2.85%的NO排放量增加，但出口温度的均匀性提高了4.27%，同时能为后方燃气涡轮中的叶片提供更匹配的温度分布，证明了该截面渐变概念的可行性，可以为后续更多截面渐变技术研究作参考。
Abstract:According to the requirements of low pollution emission of gas turbine in recent years, in order to take advantage of an elliptical combustor and improve poor matching between its outlet and the gas turbine, a concept of shape morphing was proposed, which made the inlet of the jet-stabilized combustor elliptical and the outlet circular. Using numerical simulation methods, the combustion characteristics and flow and emission characteristics at the outlet of the combustor were studied. The influence of shape morphing on the emission and flow characteristics of the combustor was investigated. Shape morphing combustor reduced NO emission by 51.26% compared with circular combustor, maintaining the advantage of low emissions from the elliptical combustor; compared with the elliptical combustor, 2.85% of NO emission was sacrificed, but the uniformity of outlet temperature was improved by 4.27%. At the same time, it can provide a more matched temperature distribution for the blades in the rear gas turbine, and prove the feasibility of the cross section gradual change concept, which can serve as a reference for further research on cross section gradual change technology.
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图 1 5种渐变函数燃烧室的截面面积变化率随轴向距离变化的曲线
Figure 1. Change rate of sectional area five blending functions combustors profiles at various axial locations
图 3 截面渐变稳态射流燃烧室示意图（单位：mm）
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the shape morphing jet-stabilized model combustor （unit：mm）
图 5 截面渐变燃烧室的网格独立结果
Figure 5. Grid independency solutions of the shape morphing combustor
图 7 O2和CO2随径向距离分布曲线
Figure 7. O2 and CO2 mole fraction profiles at various radial locations
图 9 3种燃烧室的温度分布云图和流线分布（y=0 mm，z=0～150 mm）
Figure 9. Temperature contours for three combustors and streamline distribution （y=0 mm，z=0～150 mm）
图 10 z=60 mm横截面湍流动能与流线分布
Figure 10. Turbulent kinetic energy and streamline distributions of z=60 mm
图 14 两种燃烧室出口处温度随径向分布曲线
Figure 14. Temperature profiles for two combustors at various radial locations in outlet
图 15 平均NO生成速率随轴向距离的分布曲线
Figure 15. Mean rates of NO profiles at various axial locations
图 16 截面渐变燃烧室的NO分布云图（y=0 mm，z=0～150 mm）
Figure 16. NO mole fraction contours for shape morphing combustor （y=0 mm，z=0—150 mm）
表 1 入口条件与流动特性
Table 1. Inlet conditions and fluid properties
入口条件 质量流量/
10−4 （kg/s）湍流强度/
（m2/s2）湍流耗散率/
（m2/s3）燃料 2.78 雾化空气 2.399 39 17200 长轴射流 23.72 6 850 短轴射流 43.26 6 850 
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